Английская Википедия:-ine

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description -ine is a suffix used in chemistry to denote two kinds of substance. The first is a chemically basic and alkaloidal substance. It was proposed by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac in an editorial accompanying a paper by Friedrich Sertürner describing the isolation of the alkaloid "morphium", which was subsequently renamed to "morphine".[1] Examples include quinine, morphine and guanidine.[2] The second usage is to denote a hydrocarbon of the second degree of unsaturation. Examples include hexine and heptine.[2] With simple hydrocarbons, this usage is identical to the IUPAC suffix -yne.

In common and literary adjectives (e.g. asinine, canine, feline, ursine), the suffix is usually pronounced Шаблон:IPAc-en or in some words alternatively Шаблон:IPAc-en. For demonyms (e.g. Levantine, Byzantine, Argentine) it is usually Шаблон:IPAc-en or Шаблон:IPAc-en. But in chemistry, it is usually pronounced Шаблон:IPAc-en or Шаблон:IPAc-en depending on the word it appears in and the accent of the speaker. In a few words (for example, quinine, iodine and strychnine), the Шаблон:IPAc-en sound is normal in some accents. Gasoline ends with Шаблон:IPAc-en; glycerine more often with Шаблон:IPAc-en than with Шаблон:IPAc-en. In caffeine, the suffix has merged with the e in the root, for stressed Шаблон:IPAc-en; in gasoline and margarine as well the suffix is stressed by some people.

Some elements of the periodic table (namely the halogens, in the Group 17) have this suffix: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I) and astatine (At), ending which was continued in the artificially created tennessine (Ts).

The suffix -in (Шаблон:IPAc-en) is etymologically related and overlaps in usage with -ine. Many proteins and lipids have names ending with -in: for example, the enzymes pepsin and trypsin, the hormones insulin and gastrin, and the lipids stearin (stearine) and olein.

Шаблон:Wiktionary

References

Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Orgchemsuffixes

  1. Sneader W. (2005). Drug Discovery: A History, pp. 90-91. Wiley.
  2. 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web