Английская Википедия:1864–65 United States Senate elections
Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox election The 1864–65 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. They occurred during the American Civil War and Abraham Lincoln's re-election. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1864 and 1865, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.
The Republican Party gained two seats. Most of the Southern states were absent because of the Civil War.
Results summary
Senate party division, 39th Congress (1865–1867)
- Majority party: Republican (37)
- Minority party: Democratic (9)
- Other parties: Unconditional Unionist (1); Unionist (1)
- Vacant: (24)
- Total seats: 72
Change in Senate composition
Before the elections
As a result of the elections
Beginning of the next Congress
| Key: |
|
Race summaries
Elections during the 38th Congress
In these elections — some special and some initial — the winners were seated during 1864 or in 1865 before March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Maryland (Class 3) |
Thomas Holliday Hicks | Шаблон:Party shading/Unconditional Unionist | Unconditional Unionist | 1862 Шаблон:Small | Interim appointee elected January 11, 1864[2] to finish the term. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Delaware (Class 1) |
James A. Bayard Jr. | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1851 1857 1863 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent resigned January 29, 1864 for unknown reason. Winner elected January 29, 1864. Democratic hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Nevada (Class 1) |
New state | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Nevada's first Senators were elected February 1, 1865. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist | ||
| Nevada (Class 3) |
Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Nevada's first Senators were elected February 1, 1865. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist | |||
| Virginia (Class 1) |
Lemuel J. Bowden | Шаблон:Party shading/Unionist | Unionist | 1863 | Шаблон:Party shading/Loss | Incumbent died January 2, 1864. Winner elected sometime in 1865. The Senate refused to seat him as it did not want to set a precedent for allowing premature re-entry of Confederate states.[3] Unionist loss. Seat remained vacant until 1870. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Elections leading to the 39th Congress
In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1865; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Alabama | Vacant since January 21, 1861 when Clement Claiborne Clay (D) withdrew. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1868. |
None. | ||
| Arkansas | Vacant since July 11, 1861 when William K. Sebastian (D) was expelled. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1868. |
None. | ||
| Delaware | Willard Saulsbury Sr. | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected in 1864. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Georgia | Vacant since February 4, 1861 when Robert Toombs (D) withdrew. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1871. |
None. | ||
| Illinois | William A. Richardson | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1863 United States Senate special election in Illinois|1863 Шаблон:Small]] | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1864 or 1865. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Iowa | James W. Grimes | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected January 11, 1864. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Kansas | James H. Lane | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected in 1865. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Kentucky | Lazarus W. Powell | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1858 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. Winner elected in 1865. Democratic hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Louisiana | Vacant since February 4, 1861 when Judah P. Benjamin (D) withdrew. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1868. |
None. | ||
| Maine | Nathan A. Farwell | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1864 Шаблон:Small | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Interim appointee retired. Winner elected in 1864 or 1865. Republican hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Massachusetts | Henry Wilson | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | [[1855 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts|1855 Шаблон:Small]] 1859 |
Incumbent re-elected in 1865. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Michigan | Jacob M. Howard | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | [[1862 United States Senate special election in Michigan|1862 Шаблон:Small]] | Incumbent re-elected in 1865. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Minnesota | Morton S. Wilkinson | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1858 or 1859 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1865. Republican hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Mississippi | Vacant since January 12, 1861 when Albert G. Brown (D) withdrew. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1870. |
None. | ||
| New Hampshire | John P. Hale | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1846 1853 Шаблон:Small [[1855 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire|1855 Шаблон:Small]] |
Шаблон:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. Winner elected in 1864. Republican hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| New Jersey | John C. Ten Eyck | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1858 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Winner elected in 1864. Democratic gain. Election would later be disputed and seat declared vacant. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| North Carolina | Vacant since March 6, 1861 when Thomas Bragg (D) resigned. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1868. |
None. | ||
| Oregon | Benjamin F. Harding | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1862 United States Senate special election in Oregon|1862 Шаблон:Small]] | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1864. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Rhode Island | Henry B. Anthony | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected in 1864. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| South Carolina | Vacant since November 10, 1860 when James Chesnut Jr. (D) withdrew. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1868. |
None. | ||
| Tennessee | Vacant since March 3, 1861 when Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D) withdrew. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1866. |
None. | ||
| Texas | Vacant since July 11, 1861 when John Hemphill (D) was expelled. | Legislature failed to elect during Civil War and Reconstruction. Seat remained vacant until 1870. |
None. | ||
| Virginia | John S. Carlile | Шаблон:Party shading/Unionist | Unionist | 1861 | Шаблон:Party shading/Loss | Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1865. The Senate refused to seat him as it did not want to set a precedent for allowing premature re-entry of Confederate states.[3] Unionist loss. Seat remained vacant until 1870. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| West Virginia | Waitman T. Willey | Шаблон:Party shading/Unconditional Unionist | Unconditional Unionist | 1863 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent re-elected in 1865 as a Republican. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Elections during the 39th Congress
In this election, the winner was elected in 1865 after March 4.Шаблон:Infobox election
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Maryland (Class 3) |
Thomas Holliday Hicks | Шаблон:Party shading/Unconditional Unionist | Unconditional Unionist | 1862 Шаблон:Small [[1864 United States Senate special election in Maryland|1864 Шаблон:Small]] |
Шаблон:Party shading/Unionist/Hold | Incumbent died February 14, 1865. Winner elected March 9, 1865. Unconditional Unionist hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Maryland
Maryland (1864 special)
Шаблон:Expand section James Pearce died, and Thomas Holliday Hicks was appointed to his seat. He then won election to finish the rest of the term by an unknown margin of votes, for the Class 3 seat.[4]Шаблон:Infobox election
Maryland (1865 special)
Шаблон:Expand section Thomas Holliday Hicks died, and John Creswell was appointed to his seat. He then won election to finish the rest of the term by an unknown margin of votes, for the Class 3 seat.[5]
West Virginia
Incumbent Waitman T. Willey was re-elected by the legislature to his first full term as United States Senator, with Willey being elected as a Republican. Willey would serve his term until 1871.
See also
Notes
References
- Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov
- Шаблон:Cite book
Шаблон:United States Senate elections Шаблон:Reconstruction era
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Byrd & Wolff, page 120
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
