Английская Википедия:1st Commonwealth Division
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use Canadian English Шаблон:EngvarB Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military unit
The 1st Commonwealth Division was the military unit that commanded Commonwealth land forces in the Korean War.Шаблон:Sfn The division was a part of the multinational British Commonwealth Forces Korea, with infantry units of the British Army, Canadian Army and Australian Army forming the bulk of the division. Additionally, the New Zealand Army supplied artillery contingents and an Indian medical unit was also attached. As with the "Korean Augmentation To the United States Army" (KATUSA) programme, numerous South Korean troops were seconded to the Commonwealth division to make up numbers under a scheme known as "KATCOM".
History
Background
Following the outbreak of the Korean War, the 27th British Commonwealth Brigade, which was the initial parent formation of Commonwealth army units in Korea, arrived in the peninsula with two British Infantry battalions in August 1950. It was reinforced by the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR) in September, and by the 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (PPCLI), in February 1951.
The brigade was subsequently re-constituted as the 28th Commonwealth Brigade in April 1951. Meanwhile, in November 1950, the brigade was joined by the 29th Independent Infantry Brigade, and in May 1951 by the 25th Canadian Infantry Brigade.[1]
Formation
In July 1951, the infantry brigades were combined to form the 1st Commonwealth Division, wherein the unit was 58% British forces, 22% Canadian forces, 14% Australian forces, 5% New Zealander forces, and 1% Indian forces.[2]
The 1st Commonwealth Division was part of the US I Corps, which also included the US 1st Cavalry Division, the US 3rd and 25th Infantry Divisions, and the ROK 1st Division. The division occupied the strategically important sector of front on the Jamestown Line, stretching from the Kimpo peninsula on the Yellow Sea coast to a point east of Kumhwa about Шаблон:Convert, and just Шаблон:Convert from the South Korean capital, Seoul.[3]
Dissolution
It was deactivated in 1954 as part of the demobilisation of forces in Korea in the aftermath of the war, being reduced to a Commonwealth Brigade Group, and from May 1956 until its final withdrawal in August 1957 to a Commonwealth Contingent of battalion strength.[4]
Commanders
- Commanding officers
- Major-General James Cassels, 28 July 1951 – 7 September 1952
- Major-General Michael West, 7 September 1952 – 1953
- Major-General Horatius Murray, 1953–1954
- Divisional Commander Royal Artillery (CRA)
- Brigadier William Pike, July 1951 – 1952
- Brigadier Guy Gregson, 1952
- Divisional Commander Royal Engineers (CRE)
- Colonel ECW Myers, RE
- Divisional Commander Royal Signals (CRSigs)
- Lt Col AC Atkinson, Royal Sigs
- Divisional Commander Royal Army Service Corps (CRASC)
- Lt Col MGM Crosby, RASC
- Assistant Director Medical Services (ADMS)
- Col G Anderton, RAMC
- Divisional Commander Royal Army Ordnance Corps (CRAOC)
- Lt Col MR Maclean, RAOC
- Lt Col GJH Atkinson, RNZAOC
- Divisional Commander Royal Army Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (CREME)
- Lt Col HG Good, REME
Order of battle
- Headquarters and Headquarters Company 1st Commonwealth Division
- Divisional troops
- Signals
- 1st Commonwealth Division Signals Шаблон:Small
- Artillery
- 45th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (25 pdr)
- 11th (Sphinx) Battery, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (4.2 inch mortars)
- 170th Light Battery, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (4.2 inch mortars)
- 14th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (25 pdr)
- 120th Light AA Battery, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (4.2 inch mortars)
- 42nd Light AA Battery, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (4.2 inch mortars)
- 61st Light Field Regiment Шаблон:Small (4.2 inch mortars)
- 20th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (25 pdr)
- 16th Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery Шаблон:Small (25 pdr)
- 42nd Field Regiment, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (25 pdr)
- 2nd Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery Шаблон:Small (25 pdr)
- 1st Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery Шаблон:Small (25 pdr)
- 81st Field Regiment, Royal Canadian Artillery Шаблон:Small (25 pdr)
- 74th (Battleax Company) Medium Battery, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small (5.5 inch medium guns)
- 1903 Independent Air Observation Post Flight, Royal Artillery Шаблон:Small
- Engineers
- 28th Field Engineer Regiment, Royal Engineers Шаблон:Small
- 64th Field Park Squadron, Royal Engineers Шаблон:Small
- Armour
- 8th King's Royal Irish Hussars Шаблон:Small (Centurion tank, Cromwell tank)
- C Squadron, 7th Royal Tank Regiment Шаблон:Small (Churchill tank)
- 5th Royal Inniskilling Dragoon Guards Шаблон:Small (Centurion tank)
- 1st Royal Tank Regiment Шаблон:Small (Centurion tank)
- 5th Royal Tank Regiment Шаблон:Small (Centurion tank)
- C Squadron, Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) (2nd Armoured Regiment) Шаблон:Small (M4 Sherman)
- B Squadron, Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) (2nd Armoured Regiment) Шаблон:Small (M4 Sherman)
- A Squadron, Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) (2nd Armoured Regiment) Шаблон:Small (M4 Sherman)
- Medical
- 60th (Para) Indian Field Ambulance Шаблон:Small
- 26th Field Ambulance, RAMC Шаблон:Small
- No. 25 Field Ambulance, RCAMC Шаблон:Small
- No. 25 Canadian Field Dressing Station Шаблон:Small
- No. 37 Field Ambulance, RCAMC Шаблон:Small
- No. 38 Field Ambulance, RCAMC Шаблон:Small
- Logistics[5][6]
- Ordnance
- No. 25 Canadian Infantry Brigade Group Ordnance Company Шаблон:Small
- 28th Commonwealth Infantry Brigade Ordnance Field Park
- 24th British Infantry Brigade Group Ordnance Field Park
- 1st Commonwealth Division, Stores Distribution Detachment
- Workshops
- 10th Infantry Workshops, REME
- 11th Infantry Workshops, REME
- 16th Infantry Workshops, REME
- 25 Canadian Support Workshop, RCEME Шаблон:Small
- 191 Infantry Workshop, RCEME Шаблон:Small
- 40 Canadian Infantry Workshop, RCEME Шаблон:Small
- 42 Infantry Workshop, RCEME Шаблон:Small
- 1st Commonwealth Division, Tank Workshop
- 1st Commonwealth Division, Signals Workshop
- 1st Commonwealth Division, Recovery Unit
- Transport
- Ordnance
- Infantry
- 25th Canadian Infantry Brigade
- 1st Battalion, Royal Canadian Regiment Шаблон:Small
- 2nd Battalion, Royal Canadian Regiment Шаблон:Small
- 3rd Battalion, Royal Canadian Regiment Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry Шаблон:Small
- 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry Шаблон:Small
- 3rd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Royal 22e Régiment Шаблон:Small
- 2nd Battalion, Royal 22e Régiment Шаблон:Small
- 3rd Battalion, Royal 22e Régiment Шаблон:Small
- 27th Infantry Brigade (aka 27th British Commonwealth Brigade):
- 1st Battalion, Middlesex Regiment
- 1st Battalion, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders
- 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry Шаблон:Small
- 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment Шаблон:Small
- 16th Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery Шаблон:Small
- 60th Indian Field Ambulance
- 28th Commonwealth Infantry Brigade (previously organised as 27th British Commonwealth Brigade):
- 1st Battalion, King's Own Scottish Borderers Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, King's Shropshire Light Infantry Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Royal Fusiliers Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Durham Light Infantry Шаблон:Small
- 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR) Шаблон:Small[8]
- 1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (1 RAR) Шаблон:Small
- 2nd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (2 RAR) Шаблон:Small
- 29th Infantry Brigade (previously organised as 29th Independent Infantry Brigade):
- 1st Battalion, Royal Northumberland Fusiliers Шаблон:Small[9]
- 1st Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment Шаблон:Small[10]
- 1st Battalion, Royal Ulster Rifles Шаблон:Small[11]
- 1st Battalion, Royal Norfolk Regiment Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Royal Leicestershire Regiment Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Welch Regiment Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Black Watch Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, King's Regiment (Liverpool) Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Duke of Wellington's Regiment Шаблон:Small
- 1st Battalion, Royal Scots Шаблон:Small
- 25th Canadian Infantry Brigade
- Signals
- Divisional troops
Notes
References
Шаблон:Refend Шаблон:British Army Divisions Шаблон:Australia in the Korean War
- ↑ Grey 1988, pp. 68–87.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Grey 1988, p. 135.
- ↑ Grey 1988, p. 183.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ From September 1950 to July 1951 3rd RAR was part of 27th British Commonwealth Brigade
- ↑ From November 1950 to July 1951,1stRNF was part of 29th Independent Infantry Brigade
- ↑ From November 1950 to July 1951,1st Glosters was part of 29th Independent Infantry Brigade
- ↑ From November 1950 to July 1951,1stRUR was part of 29th Independent Infantry Brigade
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