Английская Википедия:2015 Polish parliamentary election

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox election Parliamentary elections to both the Sejm and Senate were held in Poland on 25 October 2015 for the eighth term of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland, which ran from 12 November 2015 until 2019.[1]

The election was won by the largest opposition party, the right-wing Law and Justice (PiS), with 37.6% of the vote against the governing Civic Platform (PO), which achieved 24.1%. Official results, announced on 27 October, gave Law and Justice 235 of 460 seats (51 percent), a majority of four.[2] PiS vice chairwoman Beata Szydło succeeded PO leader Ewa Kopacz as Prime Minister of Poland, heading a one-party cabinet.

It was the first election for a national parliament in Europe since the 1993 Norwegian elections in which the two largest parties were led by a female candidate, and the second election in history (also since the 1993 Norwegian election) where more than three parties fielded female leadership candidates. It was also the first election in Poland since the restoration of full democracy that a party won an absolute majority in the Sejm.

Electoral system

The process of election for the Sejm is through open party-list proportional representation via the D'hondt method in multi-seat constituencies, with a 5% national threshold for single parties and 8% threshold for coalitions (requirements waived for ethnic minorities). The senate is elected using first-past-the-post voting in single-member districts.[3] To be included on a ballot, a senate candidate must present 2,000 signatures of support from their constituents.[4] For Sejm elections, the threshold is 5,000 signatures per constituency, though that requirement is waived for parties that have already registered lists in at least half of all constituencies (21 out of 41 as of this election).[5]

Overall, the Sejm includes 460 MPs. Should a party have 231 or more deputies in Parliament, it has an absolute majority and can thus govern autonomously, without the need for support from other parties. The constitution can be amended with a supermajority of two-thirds, or 307 deputies.

Election date

The date of the election, 25 October, was set by the previous President of Poland, Bronisław Komorowski.[6] The latest possible date for the election to be held was in November 2015, four years after the previous election. Prior to the announcement of the election date, the most likely dates were thought to be in October or November.

In the previous parliamentary elections in 2011 the Civic Platform–Polish People's Party coalition government, in power since 2007, won a second term. All 460 seats in the Sejm and 100 seats in the Senate were up for election.

Parties standing in the election

Nationwide committees

Party Leader Ideologies Political spectrum Political groups of the European Parliament
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Platform (PO) Ewa Kopacz Christian democracy, Liberal conservatism, Pro-Europeanism[7][8][9] Centre[10][11][12] to Centre-right European People's Party Group (EPP)
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice (PiS)
• Solidary Poland (SP)
• Poland Together – United Right (PRZP)
• Right Wing of the Republic (PRz) 		Jarosław Kaczyński
Beata Szydło (PM candidate) 		National conservatism, Social conservatism, Euroscepticism Шаблон:Nowrap European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR)
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | United Left[13][14][15][16] (ZL)
• Democratic Left Alliance (SLD)
• Your Movement (TR)
• Polish Socialist Party (PPS)
• Labour Union (UP)
• The Greens (Zieloni)
• Polish Labour Party[17] (PPP) 		Barbara Nowacka Social democracy, Social liberalism, Social progressivism, Green politics, Democratic socialism (minority), Feminism[14][17][18][19] Centre-left to Left-wing Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D)
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Polish People's Party (PSL) Janusz Piechociński Christian democracy, strongly based around Agrarianism, Conservatism Centre-right European People's Party Group (EPP)
Parties not in the Sejm before the election are below
Coalition for the Renewal of the Republic - Liberty and Hope (KORWiN) Janusz Korwin-Mikke Right libertarianism, Anti-immigration, Hard-Euroscepticism, Paleolibertarianism[20] Right-wing[21] Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (EFDD)
Kukiz'15 (K'15) Paweł Kukiz Populism, Anti-establishment, Anti-particracy[22] Big tent[23] to Right-wing[24]
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | .Modern (.N) Ryszard Petru Social liberalism, Economic liberalism, Pro-Europeanism Centre-left
bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color | Together (Razem) collective leadership Social democracy, Democratic socialism, Progressivism Left-wing

Regional committees

Party Leader Ideology Political spectrum Political groups of the European Parliament
German Minority Electoral Committee (MN) Ryszard Galla Regionalism, German minority interests Centre
Parties not in the Sejm before the election are below
Congress of the New Right (KNP) Michał Marusik Right libertarianism, New Right, Euroscepticism Right-wing Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF)
Single-member district – Nonpartisan (JOW Bezpartyjni) Robert Raczyński Pro single-member constituency Big tent
Committee of Zbigniew Stonoga (KWW ZS) Zbigniew Stonoga Anti-communism, Civil libertarianism, Populism Big tent
Social Movement of the Republic of Poland (RS RP) Sławomir Izdebski Agrarian socialism, Left-wing populism Left-wing
United for Silesia (ZdŚ) Dietmar Brehmer Silesian regionalism, Fiscal federalism Centre
Self-Defence (Samoobrona) Lech Kuropatwiński Agrarianism, Left-wing nationalism Left-wing
God Bless! (SzB!) Grzegorz Braun Monarchism, Traditionalism, Ordoliberalism Right-wing
Citizens to Parliament (OdP) Jan Zbigniew Potocki Liberal democracy Big tent

Opinion polls

Шаблон:Main

Файл:Model sondaży.png
Election polls

Results

The opposition party, Law and Justice won the election with 37.58% of the vote against the governing Civic Platform, which gained a 24.09% share.[25] Beata Szydło became the new Prime Minister, succeeding Ewa Kopacz.[26][27] Law and Justice became the first party in Poland to win majority government in a free election, since 1991. The other parties considered winners were two newcomer parties, Kukiz's Movement (third place) and Ryszard Petru's Modern party (4th place).

Two of the biggest losers were Civic Platform and the Polish People's Party. PO suffered its worst result in a parliamentary election in ten years, ending eight years of political dominance. The PSL, the junior partner in the outgoing government, had its worst result in 25 years (5.13%), just crossing the 5% threshold by a few thousand votes. Another perceived loser was the Democratic Left Alliance, Poland's largest left-wing party, which failed to win a seat for the first time since the change of system. The SLD ran as the largest partner of the United Left, which was 0.5% short of the 8% threshold for electoral alliances to win seats.

Sejm

Файл:Polish Sejm election results 2015.svg
Results of the Sejm election by electoral district. Blue represents Law and Justice, and orange Civic Platform.

Шаблон:Election results

Party breakdown

Шаблон:Election table |- style="background-color:#C0DBFC; text-align:center;" ! colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Parties and coalitions ! Votes ! % ! Seats |- | rowspan="6" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Law and Justice | 4,487,339 | 29.52 | 193 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 746,474 | 4.91 | 26 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Solidary Poland | 277,622 | 1.83 | 9 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Poland Together | 145,358 | 0.96 | 6 |- | style="background-color:#021C72;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Right Wing of the Republic | 48,442 | 0.32 | 1 |- | style="background-color:#008000;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Piast Faction | 6,452 | 0.04 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 5,711,687 | 37.58 | 235 |- | rowspan="3" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Civic Platform | 3,142,767 | 20.68 | 126 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 516,457 | 3.40 | 12 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Polish People's Party* | 2,250 | 0.01 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 3,661,474 | 24.09 | 138 |- | rowspan="12" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 1,207,419 | 7.94 | 37 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| National Movement | 73,641 | 0.48 | 3 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Congress of the New Right* | 25,831 | 0.17 | 1 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Real Politics Union | 12,080 | 0.08 | 1 |- | style="background-color:#3DD4C7;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Direct Democracy | 7,611 | 0.05 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#021C72;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Right Wing of the Republic | 4,409 | 0.03 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Self-Defence* | 2,138 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#F6B800;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Libertarian Party | 1,664 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Poland Together | 1,306 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#083A7F;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Labour Faction | 1,061 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Solidary Poland | 1,012 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Community | 922 | 0.01 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 1,339,094 | 8.81 | 42 |- | rowspan="5" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 965,130 | 6.40 | 23 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| .Modern | 185,188 | 1.22 | 5 |- | style="background-color:blue;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Women's Party | 3,707 | 0.02 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Polish People's Party* | 875 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Civic Platform* | 470 | 0.00 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 1,155,370 | 7.60 | 28 |- | rowspan="11" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Democratic Left Alliance | 694,150 | 4.57 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Your Movement | 220,326 | 1.45 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 164,345 | 1.08 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| The Greens | 35,292 | 0.23 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Labour Union | 18,181 | 0.12 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Alliance of Democrats | 3,796 | 0.02 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Polish Socialist Party | 3,621 | 0.02 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Polish Labour Party - August 80 | 3,586 | 0.02 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Social Democracy of Poland | 1,600 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#007FFF;"| | style="text-align:left;"| National Party of Retirees and Pensioners | 1,098 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Democratic Party – demokraci.pl | 850 | 0.00 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 1,147,102 | 7.55 | 0 |- | rowspan="2" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Polish People's Party | 673,483 | 4.43 | 16 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 106,392 | 0.70 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 779,875 | 5.13 | 16 |- | rowspan="5" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| KORWiN | 480,029 | 3.16 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 231,810 | 1.52 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Congress of the New Right* | 8,085 | 0.05 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| National Movement | 2,919 | 0.02 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#F6B800;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Libertarian Party | 88 | 0.00 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 722,999 | 4.76 | 0 |- | rowspan="2" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Together | 501,195 | 3.30 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 49,154 | 0.32 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 550,349 | 3.62 | 0 |- | rowspan="1" style="background-color:#000000;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 42,731 | 0.28 | 0 |- style="background-color:#000000; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Committee of Zbigniew Stonoga | 42,731 | 0.28 | 0 |- | rowspan="1" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 27,530 | 0.18 | 1 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 27,530 | 0.18 | 1 |- | rowspan="1" style="background-color:#F0D719;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 18,668 | 0.12 | 0 |- style="background-color:#F0D719;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| United for Silesia | 18,668 | 0.12 | 0 |- | rowspan="2" style="background-color:#2C4D94;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 15,234 | 0.10 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#007FFF;"| | style="text-align:left;"| National Party of Retirees and Pensioners | 422 | 0.00 | 0 |- style="background-color:#2C4D94; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| JOW Bezpartyjni | 15,656 | 0.10 | 0 |- | rowspan="13" style="background-color:#A52A2A;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 11,228 | 0.07 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#CC0000;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Unity of the Nation | 520 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Real Politics Union | 477 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Congress of the New Right* | 356 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#0000CC;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Popular National Alliance | 115 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| National Movement | 139 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Solidary Poland | 77 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| League of Polish Families | 55 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Community | 50 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Law and Justice* | 43 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#000099;"| | style="text-align:left;"| National Alliance of the Name of Dmowski Roman | 27 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#FF0000;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Brave Dad | 14 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#021C72;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Right Wing of the Republic | 12 | 0.00 | 0 |- style="background-color:#A52A2A; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Committee of Grzegorz Braun "God Bless You!" | 13,113 | 0.09 | 0 |- | rowspan="2" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Congress of the New Right | 2,850 | 0.02 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 2,002 | 0.01 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 4,852 | 0.03 | 0 |- | rowspan="2" style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Self-Defence | 2,660 | 0.02 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 1,606 | 0.01 | 0 |- style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Шаблон:Colored link | 4,266 | 0.03 | 0 |- | rowspan="4" style="background-color:#FF0000;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:#FF0000;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Social Justice Movement | 2,753 | 0.02 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 986 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#FF0000;"| | style="text-align:left;"| White-Red | 192 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:#FFFF00;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Freedom and Equality | 10 | 0.00 | 0 |- style="background-color:#FF0000; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Social Movement of the Republic of Poland | 3,941 | 0.03 | 0 |- | rowspan="3" style="background-color:#D20000;border-bottom-style:hidden;" | | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Independents | 1,790 | 0.01 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Alliance of Democrats | 155 | 0.00 | 0 |- | style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color;"| | style="text-align:left;"| Civic Platform* | 19 | 0.00 | 0 |- style="background-color:#D20000; color:white;" | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| Citizens to Parliament | 1,964 | 0.01 | 0 |- | colspan="6" style="text-align:left;"| Source: National Electoral CommissionШаблон:Efn |}

* – individual members running on lists different from their own parties

By constituency

Constituency Turnout PiS PO Kukiz'15 Modern ZL PSL KORWiN Razem MN Others Lead
data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:Шаблон:Party color;" |
1 – Legnica 46.71 35.70 25.24 9.59 7.15 10.45 3.89 4.32 3.64 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 10.46
2 – Wałbrzych 44.83 31.15 32.65 8.81 6.64 8.76 3.18 4.30 3.41 - 1.09 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 1.50
3 – Wrocław 54.08 31.21 30.49 8.74 10.65 6.10 2.60 5.22 4.21 - 0.77 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 0.72
4 – Bydgoszcz 47.87 30.20 29.64 7.77 7.30 10.04 6.07 4.54 3.76 - 0.68 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 0.56
5 – Toruń 44.90 33.57 25.77 8.32 6.50 10.76 6.75 3.90 3.65 - 0.78 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 7.80
6 – Lublin 52.01 47.57 16.59 9.32 4.54 5.98 7.74 5.00 2.75 - 0.52 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 30.98
7 – Chełm 45.30 48.02 12.31 10.47 3.75 7.11 11.39 4.37 2.39 - 0.18 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 35.71
8 – Zielona Góra 44.63 28.27 28.21 8.75 9.99 10.02 5.12 4.99 3.99 - 0.65 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 0.06
9 – Łódź 56.74 29.90 31.28 7.24 8.99 10.48 2.70 4.78 4.63 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 1.38
10 – Piotrków Trybunalski 50.26 46.95 15.46 10.08 5.59 7.47 7.48 3.91 3.06 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 31.49
11 – Sieradz 48.47 39.93 21.18 8.92 5.32 8.18 7.86 4.10 3.54 - 0.98 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 18.75
12 – Chrzanów 54.46 49.05 20.42 8.67 5.79 5.33 3.03 4.45 3.26 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 28.63
13 – Kraków 58.81 38.62 24.61 7.26 9.73 6.38 2.70 6.35 3.88 - 0.48 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 14.01
14 – Nowy Sącz 52.18 60.56 13.95 7.83 3.69 2.55 4.16 4.31 2.13 - 0.80 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 46.61
15 – Tarnów 51.85 51.99 14.71 9.60 4.54 3.41 8.08 4.72 2.43 - 0.53 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 37.28
16 – Płock 46.22 43.78 16.44 8.41 5.15 8.14 10.66 4.07 3.35 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 27.34
17 – Radom 49.38 47.49 17.55 8.41 4.81 4.82 9.42 3.91 2.62 - 0.98 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 29.94
18 – Siedlce 50.56 51.10 13.55 8.36 4.63 4.35 10.23 4.35 2.66 - 0.76 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 37.55
19 – Warsaw I 70.80 29.89 27.54 7.76 13.39 8.55 0.72 6.18 5.54 - 0.43 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 2.35
20 – Warsaw II 60.00 38.80 25.12 7.22 10.01 5.66 3.80 4.81 3.85 - 0.73 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 13.68
21 – Opole 43.12 27.77 26.23 12.57 7.14 6.75 3.68 3.95 3.02 8.14 0.75 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 1.54
22 – Krosno 47.47 53.51 13.76 9.15 3.97 4.56 7.28 4.28 2.32 - 1.17 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 39.75
23 – Rzeszów 52.56 56.11 13.11 9.28 4.16 4.42 4.67 4.96 2.29 - 1.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 43.00
24 – Białystok 47.10 45.38 16.74 9.07 5.37 7.35 8.07 4.66 2.59 - 0.77 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 28.64
25 – Gdańsk 52.55 29.61 34.72 7.15 9.17 6.59 3.02 5.00 3.98 - 0.75 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 5.11
26 – Gdynia 51.28 31.22 33.46 8.02 8.22 6.64 3.23 4.43 4.05 - 0.75 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 2.24
27 – Bielsko-Biała 56.35 40.42 23.57 9.36 8.27 6.56 3.42 4.68 3.72 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 16.82
28 – Częstochowa 49.83 35.82 20.95 11.63 6.74 11.12 4.99 4.27 3.64 - 0.84 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 14.87
29 – Gliwice 49.12 30.51 28.99 12.19 8.90 7.21 2.50 5.09 4.15 - 0.48 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 1.52
30 – Rybnik 51.82 39.59 24.21 11.31 6.33 5.93 1.79 4.53 3.33 - 2.98 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 15.38
31 – Katowice 53.92 32.92 28.37 10.05 8.66 6.77 0.99 5.55 4.08 - 2.61 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 4.55
32 – Sosnowiec 51.41 29.65 25.56 10.24 8.97 13.97 2.35 4.81 4.44 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 4.09
33 – Kielce 46.82 42.81 17.25 9.41 4.98 7.87 9.51 4.14 2.80 - 1.23 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 25.56
34 – Elbląg 41.30 31.56 30.12 8.24 5.82 7.69 6.69 4.73 3.80 - 1.34 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 1.44
35 – Olsztyn 43.13 30.42 27.07 8.97 6.82 8.76 8.44 5.10 3.74 - 0.68 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 3.35
36 – Kalisz 47.27 31.85 24.69 7.98 7.04 8.82 10.98 4.25 3.17 - 1.23 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 7.16
37 – Konin 46.64 37.41 20.23 8.83 6.94 11.77 6.86 3.99 3.98 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 17.18
38 – Piła 46.07 27.26 31.02 9.01 6.98 9.15 7.66 4.07 3.92 - 0.93 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 3.76
39 – Poznań 60.23 23.90 35.65 6.06 14.49 8.07 1.91 4.77 4.60 - 0.55 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 11.75
40 – Koszalin 43.63 28.58 30.07 9.41 8.06 11.38 4.13 4.46 3.90 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 1.49
41 – Szczecin 47.27 29.09 31.93 8.42 8.66 8.56 3.88 5.33 4.12 - 0.00 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 2.84
Poland 50.92 37.58 24.09 8.81 7.60 7.55 5.13 4.76 3.62 0.18 0.69 13.49

Senate

Файл:Polish Senate election results 2015.svg
Results of the Senate election by single-mandate districts.Blue represents Law and Justice, orange - Civic Platform, green - Polish People Party, grey - independents.
Файл:Procentowe wyniki wyborów do Sejmu.png
Results of elections 1991–2015

Шаблон:Election results

By constituency

# Voivodeship Commission # Result Elected member
1 Lower Silesian Legnica I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Rafał Ślusarz
2 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Krzysztof Mróz
3 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Dorota Czudowska
4 Wałbrzych I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Wiesław Kilian
5 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Aleksander Szwed
6 Wrocław I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Jarosław Duda
7 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Barbara Zdrojewska
8 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Independent hold Jarosław Obremski
9 Kuyavian-Pomeranian Bydgoszcz I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Andrzej Kobiak
10 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Jan Rulewski
11 Toruń I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Przemysław Termiński
12 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Andrzej Mioduszewski
13 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Józef Łyczak
14 Lublin Lublin I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Stanisław Gogacz
15 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Grzegorz Czelej
16 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Andrzej Stanisławek
17 Chełm I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Independent hold Grzegorz Bierecki
18 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Polish People's Party hold Józef Zając
19 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Jerzy Chróścikowski
20 Lubusz Zielona Góra I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Waldemar Sługocki
21 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Władysław Komarnicki
22 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Robert Dowhan
23 Łódź Łódź I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Maciej Grubski
24 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Ryszard Bonisławski
25 Sieradz I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Przemysław Błaszczyk
26 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Maciej Łuczak
27 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Michał Seweryński
28 Piotrków Trybunalski I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Wiesław Dobkowski
29 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Rafał Ambrozik
30 Lesser Poland Kraków I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Andrzej Pająk
31 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Marek Pęk
32 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Jerzy Fedorowicz
33 IV style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Bogdan Klich
34 Tarnów I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Zbigniew Cichoń
35 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Kazimierz Wiatr
36 Nowy Sącz I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Jan Hamerski
37 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Stanisław Kogut
38 Masovian Płock I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Marek Martynowski
39 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Jan Jackowski
40 Warszawa I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Jan Żaryn
41 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Konstanty Radziwiłł
42 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Independent hold Marek Borowski
43 IV style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Marek Rocki
44 V style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Barbara Borys-Damięcka
45 VI style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Aleksander Pociej
46 Siedlce I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Robert Mamątow
47 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Maria Koc
48 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Waldemar Kraska
49 Radom I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Stanisław Karczewski
50 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Adam Bielan
51 Opole Opole I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Jerzy Czerwiński
52 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Piotr Wach
53 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Grzegorz Peczkis
54 Subcarpathian Rzeszów I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Janina Sagatowska
55 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Zdzisław Pupa
56 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Aleksander Bobko
57 Krosno I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Alicja Zając
58 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Mieczysław Golba
59 Podlaskie Białystok I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Bohdan Paszkowski
60 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Jan Dobrzyński
61 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Independent Tadeusz Romańczuk
62 Pomeranian Słupsk I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Kazimierz Kleina
63 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Waldemar Bonkowski
64 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Sławomir Rybicki
65 Gdańsk I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Bogdan Borusewicz
66 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Antoni Szymański
67 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Leszek Czarnobaj
68 Silesian Częstochowa I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Ryszard Majer
69 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Artur Warzocha
70 Katowice I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Krystian Probierz
71 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Maria Pańczyk-Pozdziej
72 Bielsko-Biała I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Adam Gawęda
73 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Wojciech Piecha
74 Katowice III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Leszek Piechota
75 IV style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Czesław Ryszka
76 V style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Arkadiusz Grabowski
77 VI style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Michał Potoczny
78 Bielsko-Biała III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Andrzej Kamiński
79 IV style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Tadeusz Kopeć
80 Katowice VII style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition gain from Independent Andrzej Misiołek
81 Świętokrzyskie Kielce I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Jacek Włosowicz
82 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Jarosław Rusiecki
83 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice hold Krzysztof Słoń
84 Warmian-Masurian Elbląg I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Jerzy Wcisła
85 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Bogusława Orzechowska
86 Olsztyn I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Independent gain from Civic Coalition Lidia Staroń
87 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Małgorzata Kopiczko
88 Greater Poland Piła I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Mieczysław Augustyn
89 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Jan Libicki
90 Poznań I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Piotr Florek
91 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Jadwiga Rotnicka
92 Konin I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Robert Gaweł
93 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Margareta Budner
94 Kalisz I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Marian Poślednik
95 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Polish People's Party Łukasz Mikołajczyk
96 III style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Law and Justice gain from Civic Coalition Andrzej Wojtyła
97 West Pomeranian Szczecin I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Tomasz Grodzki
98 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Grzegorz Napieralski
99 Koszalin I style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Grażyna Sztark
100 II style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | Civic Coalition hold Piotr Zientarski

Reactions

Political analysts noted that the election marked the first time in the post-communist era that a political party received enough votes to form a majority government.[28][29] BBC News suggested that Law and Justice's strategy of putting forward Szydło as its candidate for prime minister was a "winning formula" in the election. Szydło was widely perceived as being more moderate than PiS' outspoken leader, Jarosław Kaczyński. However, it also noted that Kaczyński could step into the role of prime minister after the election.[29]

According to the Associated Press, the new Sejm was the most right-wing parliament in Europe due to the absence of centre-left MPs in the chamber. All five parties in the Sejm tilted rightward on social issues. Between them, left-leaning alliances only gained 11 percent of the vote.[30]

Kopacz swiftly conceded defeat after exit polls from TVP showed PiS on its way to a majority, while Kaczyński declared victory and hailed his party's historic majority.[31] Kaczyński also paid tribute to his late brother, President Lech Kaczyński, who died in the 2010 plane crash.[27]

See also

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Elections in Poland

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Rightist Party That Made Auschwitz Joke Wins Polish Elections Haaretz, 27 October 2015
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Poland expected to turn inward under right-wing party The Washington Post, 26 October 2015
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  27. ↑ 27,0 27,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  29. ↑ 29,0 29,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  31. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:2015_Polish_parliamentary_election&oldid=12752109