Английская Википедия:Abu'l-Qasim Ali ibn al-Hasan al-Kalbi
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox military person
Abu'l-Qasim Ali ibn al-Hasan al-Kalbi (Шаблон:Lang-ar), known to the Byzantine Greeks as Bolkasimos, was the third Emir of Sicily. He ruled from June 23, 970 to his death in battle on July 13, 982.
Background
In 947, the Fatimid caliph al-Mansur bi-Nasr Allah sent al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Kalbi to subdue a revolt on Sicily, where he would go on to establish his own ruling dynasty, the Kalbids. Al-Hasan was succeeded by his son, Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Kalbi, in 954. In 969 Ahmad was recalled to North Africa to assist in subduing a revolt by Berber tribesmen.Шаблон:Sfn Briefly in 969, one of Ahmad's freed slaves, Ya'ish, was appointed governor of Sicily.Шаблон:Sfn The next year Abu'l-Qasim, Ahmad's brother, was elevated to governor.Шаблон:Sfn
Rule
During the spring of 976, Abu'l-Qasim launched a raiding expedition on Byzantine Italy.Шаблон:Sfn His first target was the city of Messina, which he found deserted upon arrival.Шаблон:Sfn He soon moved on to Apulia, taking tribute from Cosenza before sending his brother to raid the surrounding countryside. He soon crossed the straits back to Sicily.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn During the summer of the same year, Abu'l-Qasim crossed back to mainland Italy, where he quickly forced tribute out of St. Agatha and took and razed Taranto. He then sent one army to Otranto while he besieged Gravina, before retiring to Muslim lands for the year, bringing home hundreds of captives as slaves.Шаблон:Sfn
In May 982, Abu'l-Qasim returned to Italy hoping to confront the advancing German emperor Otto II.Шаблон:Sfn Around Rossano Calabro, Abu'l-Qasim spotted the German army and realized that he had hugely underestimated its size. He attempted to retreat back to Sicily, but Otto caught up with him around Capo Colonna. In the Battle of Stilo, the outnumbered Kalbid force was able to surround and defeat the German forces with an unexpectedly strong cavalry charge;Шаблон:Sfn Otto himself only escaped by swimming to a Greek merchant ship,[1] but Abu'l-Qasim was killed in the melee.Шаблон:Sfn
References
Sources
- ↑ The Place of Byzantium in the Medieval World, Steve Runciman, The Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. IV., Part II, ed. J.M. Hussey, (Cambridge University Press, 1967), 361.
- Английская Википедия
- 982 deaths
- 10th-century Arab people
- Fatimid people of the Arab–Byzantine wars
- Emirs of Sicily
- Kalbids
- Military personnel killed in action
- Year of birth unknown
- Generals of the Fatimid Caliphate
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