Английская Википедия:Adrien Degbey

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Adrien Degbey (10 May 1918 – 14 April 1971) was a Dahomeyan politician.

Biography

Education and teaching career

Adrien Degbey was born on 10 May 1918 in DogboШаблон:Sfn in French Dahomey (now known as Benin). He attended Victor Ballot School from 1932 to 1935 and graduated at the top of his class. In 1935, with five classmates including Justin Ahomadégbé,Шаблон:Sfn he was shortlisted on the basis of his marks and admitted to the École normale supérieure William Ponty in Gorée in Senegal, known at the time as the principal training ground of the elite from French West Africa.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

During his time in college, he discovered acting and studied theatre thanks to Charles Béart, school principal and father of the Ponty theatre.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn He was a member of the school theatre group with the future Dahomeyan political elite, Hubert Maga, Émile Derlin Zinsou, François Djibodé AploganШаблон:Refn and Antoine Boya.Шаблон:Refn In 1936, he played a role in Retour aux fétiches délaissés.Шаблон:Sfn The play was performed in Gorée and Dakar and was hailed as a success.

Adrien Degbey graduated the École normale with a diploma in Primary Education.

On 16 March 1961, then first-class teacher, he was appointed deputy school inspector and assigned to primary inspection in Porto-Novo district.Шаблон:Sfn

He ended his career as principal school inspector.Шаблон:Sfn

Political career

In January 1947, as a member of the Dahomeyan Progressive Union, the largest political party in Dahomey, he was elected for five years to the General Council.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn He was reelected in 1959 and served until 1960 when the country attained full independence from France.Шаблон:Sfn

The political history of the Republic of Dahomey from independence to the early seventies was marked by chronic political instability with numerous coups d'état, coup attempts and cabinet reshuffles. During this time, Adrien Degbey served twice as a government minister.

The first time, he was chosen and appointed minister of Labor and Social Affairs by Hubert Maga on 11 September 1963.Шаблон:Sfn He served until 27 October of the same year when Colonel Christophe Soglo, Chief of Staff of the Army, forced the president to resign the office and took control of the country in a bloodless operation in order to prevent a civil war.Шаблон:Sfn

One month later, Christophe Soglo offered Adrien Degbey to take part in a national constitutional committee which was composed of "experts, regional representatives, spiritual families, union representatives and youth organizations" in charge of reviewing a draft Constitution proposed by the interim government.Шаблон:Sfn

As the colonel dissolved the Dahomeyan Unity Party, sole legal party in the country, on 13 November 1963,Шаблон:Sfn Sourou-Migan Apithy and Justin Ahomadégbé founded a new one, the Dahomeyan Democratic Party (DDP)Шаблон:Refn on 15 December. Adrien Degbey was elected officer of the political bureau as delegate of social affairs.Шаблон:Sfn

In his memoirs, Bruno Amoussou related some confessions that Adrien Degbey made regarding this military transition period which led to the Nation's Second Republic. He criticized errors made on various events that happened far too quickly, such as the drafting of a new Constitution in only ten days, the foundation of a new sole legal party in 47 days and the holding of the parliamentary election.Шаблон:Sfn

On 5 January 1964, the new Constitution was adopted by referendum and approved by 99.86% of voters.

When the army restored power to civilians, the DDP won the parliamentary election and all 42 seats in the National Assembly on 19 January 1964; Sourou-Migan Apithy became president of a coalition government and Justin Ahomadégbé was designated as premier and vice president on 25 January. Adrien Degbey joined the administration as minister of Rural Development and Cooperation.Шаблон:Sfn

Promptly, economic problems, social issues, strikes, differing opinions on politics and irreversible tensions contributed to the government's instability that led to the resignation of Sourou-Migan Apithy on 27 November 1965 and Justin Ahomadégbé's one two days later. As president of the National Assembly, the interim was carried out by Tahirou Congacou who took on the powers of the president of the Republic on 29 November. He formed a restricted cabinet of five members; Antoine Boya succeeded both Adrien Degbey and François Aplogan as secretary of State for Finance, Economy, Rural Development and Cooperation.Шаблон:Sfn

But Christophe Soglo (since promoted to the rank of general) was dissatisfied with the actions taken by Tahirou Congacou and decided to remove the latter from power on 22 December 1965. General Soglo took back the presidency until 17 December 1967, when young army officers led by Major Maurice Kouandété overthrew him.

On 25 January 1968, a constitutional committee was mandated by Lieutenant Colonel Alphonse Alley, interim head of State, to draft a Constitution, which would go to a nationwide referendum.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Adrien Degbey was part of this 54-member bodyШаблон:Refn which was composed of people picked for their regional origin and expertise.Шаблон:Sfn A new Constitution was written and approved by 846,521-to-71,695 vote on 31 March of the same year.Шаблон:Sfn

Death

Adrien Degbey died in a car accident on 14 April 1971. He received a state funeral.Шаблон:Sfn

Awards and honors

A Middle School founded in 1972 in Sè was named after him.Шаблон:Sfn

During his lifetime, Adrien Degbey received these distinctions:

Notes

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Footnotes

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References

  • Content in this edit is partially or fully translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at Adrien Degbey; see its history for attribution.

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Journal

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Books

Law

See also

Шаблон:Authority control

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