In Basque, allocutive forms are required in the verb forms of a main clause when the speaker uses the familiar (also called "intimate") pronoun Шаблон:Lang "thou" (as opposed to formal Шаблон:Lang "you").[1] This is distinct from grammatical gender as it does not involve marking nouns for gender; it is also distinct from gender-specific pronouns, such as English "he/she" or JapaneseШаблон:Transl ("I", used by males) and Шаблон:Transl ("I", used by females). In Basque, allocutive agreement involves the grammatical marking of the gender of the addressee in the verb form itself.
Grammatically this is done by introducing an additional person marker in the verb form (marked Шаблон:Sc):
Eastern dialects have expanded on this by adding the polite (formerly plural) pronoun Шаблон:Lang to the system; in some, hypocoristic palatalization converts this to Шаблон:Lang:
Some varieties have done away with the unmarked forms except in subordinate clauses: Шаблон:Lang vs. Шаблон:Lang 'that I go'
Its use is diminishing, especially the feminine forms.
Basque speakers who use allocutive agreement sometimes apply the masculine forms to women, making Шаблон:Lang a genderless marker of solidarity.[4]
Beja
Beja, a Cushitic language, has allocutive forms, marking the gender of a masculine addressee with the clitic =a and with =i for feminine addressees:[2]
