Английская Википедия:Ambrosia psilostachya

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Ambrosia psilostachya is a species of ragweed known by the common names Cuman ragweed and perennial ragweed,[1] and western ragweed.

Distribution and habitat

The plant is widespread across much of North America (United States, Canada, and northern Mexico).[2] It is also naturalized in parts of Europe, Asia, Australia, and South America.[3] It is a common plant in many habitat types, including disturbed areas such as roadsides.[4][5][6][7][8]

Description

Ambrosia psilostachya is an erect perennial herb growing a slender, branching, straw-colored stem to a maximum height near two meters, but more often remaining under one meter tall. Leaves are up to 12 centimeters long and vary in shape from lance-shaped to nearly oval, and they are divided into many narrow, pointed lobes. The stem and leaves are hairy.[4]

The top of the stem is occupied by an inflorescence which is usually a spike. The species is monoecious, and the inflorescence is composed of staminate (male) flower heads with the pistillate heads located below and in the axils of leaves.[4] This bloom period is from June through November.

The pistillate heads yield fruits which are achenes located within oval-shaped greenish-brown burs about half a centimeter long. The burs are hairy and sometimes spiny. The plant reproduces by seed and by sprouting up from a creeping rhizome-like root system.[9]

Ecology

Ambrosia psilostachya is a host plant for the caterpillars of Bucculatrix transversata,[10] Cosmopterix opulenta, Exaeretia gracilis, Gnorimoschema saphirinella,[11] Schinia sexplagiata; the beetles Zygogramma disrupta, Zygogramma suturalis;[12] and the grasshopper Spharagemon collare.[13]

Medicinal uses

This plant had a number of medicinal uses among several different Native American tribes, including the Cheyenne, Kumeyaay (Diegueno), and Kiowa people.[14]

Chemistry

Ambrosia psilostachya contains a group of phytochemicals called psilostachyins.[15]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

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