Английская Википедия:Anna Mahé
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox person Anna Mahé (1882-1960) was a French teacher, typographer and anarchist activist.
Biography
Anna Mahé was born in Bourgneuf-en-Retz, on 31 July 1882.Шаблон:Sfnm The daughter of a shoemaker, she had the opportunity to receive a higher education at a school in Nantes. She graduated in 1900 and became a teacher at the same school, where she was popular with both her students and fellow teachers. In 1902, she was appointed to teach at a rural school in Les Sorinières.Шаблон:Sfn
By this time, she had become influenced by libertarianism and began making anti-capitalist, anti-militarist and anti-patriotic remarks. When Mahé's style of pedagogy was investigated by a school inspector in 1903, she was found to be teaching in a way that was "hostile to society and ints institutions". She was accused of professional misconduct, although the inspector pleaded for leniency due to Mahé's young age.Шаблон:Sfn
After the investigation, Mahé decided not to return to teaching and requested sick leave, claiming to be sick with a respiratory illness. In reality, she was pregnant and feared the consequences of revealing she had become pregnant outside of wedlock. The child had been fathered by her Albert Libertad,Шаблон:Sfn who was also the partner of Mahé's sister Armandine, and the three of them lived together in a polyamorous relationship.Шаблон:Sfnm They moved to Montmartre, in Paris, but Mahé was unable to find work there as a teacher, so she quit this career path. On 26 April 1904, she gave birth to her son, registered as "Émile Marcel" under anonymous parentage; the family would call him "Minus", as they didn't want to impose a first name on him.Шаблон:Sfn
Mahé began writing articles on pedagogy for Le Libertaire, criticising the French state education system's focus on spelling, which she felt was at the expense of educating children in science.Шаблон:Sfn She also advocated for reforms of French orthography, in order to simplify the written language.Шаблон:Sfnm She also co-founded Libertad's periodical L'Anarchie, for which she wrote several articles on education.Шаблон:Sfn She also organised libertarian cultural events, including holidays in ChâtelaillonШаблон:Sfnm and weekly walks around Paris. In 1905, she joined the Association internationale antimilitariste (AIA) and participated in antimilitarist demonstrations in Paris, during which she was arrested.Шаблон:Sfn
When contributors to L'Anarchie moved in together at the periodical's office building, a conflict arose over Libertad having allegedly embezzled money from the paper's unpaid contributors. Although Armandine Mahé was among the accusers, Anna Mahé defended Libertad from the charges. She again defended Libertad during his 1908 trial, which eventually resulted in his acquittal. But interpersonal conflicts continued to grip L'Anarchie collective, during which Libertad was physically attacked. As he lay dying in hospital, he didn't receive any visitors, with both of the Mahé sisters having cut contact with him. In 1910, Mahé participated in the reorganisation of Le Libertaire, which changed its editorial line towards anarchist communism and syndicalism.Шаблон:Sfn She published antimilitarist articles for the paper, for which she was arrested and tried, but she was eventually acquitted of the charges against her.Шаблон:Sfnm
By 1912, she was living together with her child and her new partner André de Blasiis in Asnières. While living on parole for the theft of a typewriter, the couple worked together, with de Blasiis making shoes and Mahé delivering them. In 1913, they moved to the Basque Country, where the couple had married different partners by 1917;Шаблон:Sfn Mahé married Pierre Georges Miremont.Шаблон:Sfnm The two couples co-habited together in Bayonne until the 1920s. Miremont became a prolific toy manufacturer, which supported them financially until the 1950s.Шаблон:Sfn In 1958, she sold the company and moved to Colombes, where she stayed with her sister.Шаблон:Sfnm Anna Mahé died in the hospital of Clichy-La Garenne, on 8 November 1960.Шаблон:Sfnm She was buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery.Шаблон:Sfn
References
Bibliography
- Английская Википедия
- 1882 births
- 1960 deaths
- 20th-century French women educators
- French anarchists
- French schoolteachers
- French typographers and type designers
- Language reformers
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии