Английская Википедия:Aveyron

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:About Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox settlement

Aveyron (Шаблон:IPA-fr; Шаблон:Lang-oc; Шаблон:IPA-oc) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southern France. It was named after the river Aveyron. Its inhabitants are known as Aveyronnais (masculine) or Aveyronnaises (feminine) in French.[1] The inhabitants of Aveyron's prefecture, Rodez, are called Ruthénois, based upon the first Celtic settlers in the area, the Ruteni. With an area of Шаблон:Convert and a population of 279,595, Aveyron is a largely rural department with a population density of 32 per square kilometer (83/sq mi).[2]

History

Файл:Ruteni coin 5th 1st century BCE.jpg
Ruteni coin, 5th–1st century BCE

Aveyron is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. The first known historical inhabitants of the region were the Rutenii tribe, but the area was inhabited previously to this, boasting many prehistoric ruins including over 1,000 dolmens, more than any other department in France.

Файл:Victor of Aveyron, 1800.jpg
Victor of Aveyron in 1800

During the medieval and early modern periods, and until the 1790s, the territory covered by Aveyron was a province known as Rouergue. In 1797, Victor of Aveyron (a feral child) was found wandering the woods in the area. The story of Victor is told in the film The Wild Child.

In 1817, a local prosecutor, Antoine Bernardin Fualdès, was assassinated. The sordid circumstances of his death, following which his body was found floating in the river Aveyron, led to the matter becoming publicised as a cause célèbre. Recent studies have indicated that he met his end at the initiative of a right-wing royalist organisation known as the Chevaliers de la Foi (Knights of Faith).[3]

Heraldry

Шаблон:Blazon-arms

Geography

Aveyron is the centre of a triangle formed by the cities of Toulouse, Clermont-Ferrand, and Montpellier. The department approximately follows the outline of the former province of Rouergue. It is the 5th largest department in metropolitan France in terms of area (Шаблон:Convert). Its prefecture is Rodez.

The department comes under the jurisdiction of the Academy of Toulouse and the Montpellier Court of Appeal. The INSEE and Post Code is 12. Aveyron is located in the south of the Massif Central. The highest point in the department is the summit of Le Signal de Mailhebiau at 1469m on the Plateau of Aubrac. The Aveyron department is divided into several natural regions such as the Grand Causses and Rougiers.

Aveyron department consists of an ancient high rocky plateau of great geological diversity. The Truyère, Lot, Aveyron, and Tarn rivers have carved a number of deep gorges. The department is surrounded by those of Tarn, Tarn-et-Garonne, Lot, Hérault, Gard, Lozère and Cantal. The Lac de Villefranche-de-Panat is used as a reservoir to provide drinking water supplies for the region.

Climate

Шаблон:Meteo France

Шаблон:Weather box

Demography

In 2017, the department had 279,206 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the department since 1793.

Шаблон:Historical populations

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Rodez, the prefecture. Of the department's population, 25% live in the four largest communes: Rodez, Millau, Onet-le-Château, and Villefranche-de-Rouergue. As of 2019, there are 7 communes with more than 5,000 inhabitants:[4]

Commune Population (2019)
Rodez 24,475
Millau 21,979
Onet-le-Château 11,665
Villefranche-de-Rouergue 11,602
Saint-Affrique 8,023
Luc-la-Primaube 6,005
Decazeville 5,323

Second homes

As of 2020, 17.3% of available housing in the department were second homes.[5]

Communes with population over 2,000 and more than 10% of second homes in 2019[6]
Town Municipal population Percentage of
second homes
Saint-Geniez-d'Olt-et-d'Aubrac 2211 30.3%
Espalion 4601 19.9%
Salles-la-Source 2265 18.5%
Sévérac-d'Aveyron 4069 18.4%
Saint-Affrique 8023 15.4%
Bozouls 2923 10.1%
Naucelle 2007 10.0%

Politics

Departmental Council

Шаблон:Main The Department Council of Aveyron has 46 seats. The President of the Departmental Council has been Jean-François Galliard of the Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI) from 2017 to 2021. The President has been Arnaud Viala since 2021.

Party Seats
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |• The Republicans
Union of Democrats and Independents		 30
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Socialist Party 10
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Radical Party of the Left 5
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Independent 1

Members of the National Assembly

Following the 2017 legislative election, Aveyron elected the following representatives to the National Assembly:

Constituency Member[7] Party
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Aveyron's 1st constituency Stéphane Mazars La République En Marche!
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Aveyron's 2nd constituency Anne Blanc La République En Marche!
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Aveyron's 3rd constituency Arnaud Viala The Republicans

Culture

Regional sub-dialect

The regional sub-dialect spoken in Aveyron is a form of Languedoc Occitan called Rouergat. Faced with the risk of disappearance of the language several associations asked the State and political communities for an ambitious language policy.[8] In Rouergat, Aveyron is written:

  • Avairon (traditional Occitan spelling) – e.g. "Roergue forma lo despartament de l'Avairon"
  • Oboyróu (spelling of Father Vayssier) – e.g. "Rouergue fouórmo lou desportomén de l'Oboyróu"

Tourism

Aveyron contains a part of the Cévennes National Park. Tourist attractions include the castle of Najac, a medieval ruin perched high on a hill, and other castles and monasteries such as Conques Abbey, Sylvanès Abbey, Bonneval Abbey and Loc-Dieu Abbey, located near Martiel in a region with many dolmens. The small city of Millau is the site of the world's tallest bridge, the Millau viaduct, opened by President Chirac in December 2004.

Activities include horseriding, fishing, swimming in the Lacs du Lévézou and hiking/camping. The inhabitants are also very good craftsmen, and Aveyron is full of various craft objects, handmade, that can be found locally. Examples include the couteau de Laguiole, the world famous Roquefort cheese, from the village of the same name and other local produce. Markets take place every Saturday on market places around the region.

Saint-Sernin-sur-Rance is the commune where the feral child Victor of Aveyron was found in the late 18th century.

Les Plus Beaux Villages de France

Ten towns in Aveyron fall within the classification of a 1901 association Les Plus Beaux Villages de France:

Other tourist spots

Societies

  • Central Agricultural Society of Aveyron, founded in 1798
  • Society of letters, sciences and arts of Aveyron, founded in 1836

Notable people linked to the department

Bibliography

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Departments of France Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Comparateur de territoires, INSEE
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ Populations légales 2019: 12 Aveyron, INSEE
  5. ↑ Catégories et types de logements, INSEE Шаблон:In lang
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Article in La Dépêche.fr on 24 October 2009 consulted on 29 December 2009 Шаблон:In lang
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