Английская Википедия:Battle of Thermopylae (254)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Other uses Шаблон:Infobox military conflict Шаблон:Campaignbox Crisis of the Third Century
The Battle of Thermopylae in 254Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn was the successful defense of the pass of Thermopylae by local Greek militia under Marianus, the Roman proconsul of Achaea, during an invasion of the Balkans by the Goths.Шаблон:Sfn
Background
In 254 the Goths invaded and plundered Thrace and Macedonia.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In 1979, Herwig Wolfram regarded 254 as the date, while Mallan and Davenport in 2015 suggested 262.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Goltz and Hartmann estimated 254 as the date.Шаблон:Sfn David Potter in 2016 rejected Mallan and Davenport's estimate and dated it to either 253 or 259.Шаблон:Sfn The Goths attempted to storm Thessalonica with close order formations and assault columns.Шаблон:Sfn The Thessalonians mobilized to defend their city and beat off the attacks.Шаблон:Sfn The Goths abandoned the siege and moved off to invade Greece south of Thermopylae, seeking to loot the gold and silver wealth of Greek temples.Шаблон:Sfn
Prelude
The Greeks learned of the Goths' approach and the Roman proconsul Marianus, the Athenian Philostratus, and the Boeotian Dexippus mobilized a militia to block the pass of Thermopylae.Шаблон:Sfn The militia were armed with bronze or iron-tipped wooden pikes, small spears, axes, and assorted weapons.Шаблон:Sfn They set to work fortifying the pass.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Marianus gave a pre-battle speech to them, emphasizing the defense of the pass by previous generations of Greeks and Romans.Шаблон:Sfn
Battle
The Graeco-Roman forces successfully blocked the Goths' way at Thermopylae and the Goths returned home, albeit with considerable loot.Шаблон:Sfn
Aftermath
A fragment of text attributed to the contemporary historian Dexippus, discovered in Vienna in 2010, provides detail on the weapons, leadership, and geography of the engagement.Шаблон:Sfn The fragment cuts off before the battle's outcome.Шаблон:Sfn Dexippus was used as a source by the Byzantine chronicler George Syncellus, who mentioned the blocking of the pass and the Goths' return home with plunder.Шаблон:Sfn
Citations
Bibliography
Further reading
- Martin, Gunther; Grusková, Jana (2014) "'Dexippus Vindobonensis' (?) Ein neues Handschriftenfragment zum sog. Herulereinfall der Jahre 267/268" Шаблон:In lang
- "The Vienna Dexippus (?) (second revised version)", uploaded by Jones, Christopher
- Английская Википедия
- 250s conflicts
- Crisis of the Third Century
- Battles involving the Roman Empire
- Battles involving the Goths
- Military history of Greece
- Greece under Roman rule
- History of Phthiotis
- 250s in the Roman Empire
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