Английская Википедия:Blea Moor Tunnel
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Infobox tunnel
Blea Moor Tunnel is a Шаблон:Convert(2,404 m) railway tunnel located between Ribblehead Viaduct and Dent railway station in England. It is the longest tunnel on the Settle-Carlisle Line, being almost twice as long as the second longest tunnel, Rise Hill Tunnel.[1]
History
Built by the Midland Railway, it took more than four years to complete. Construction started in 1872, with dynamite transported from Carlisle and Newcastle in carts to the construction site. The wages on offer to the miners who dug the tunnel were 5s (Шаблон:Inflation) to 5s 6d (Шаблон:Inflation)Шаблон:Inflation-fn per day.[2]
It was completed in 1875 at a cost of £109,000[3] (Шаблон:Inflation).Шаблон:Inflation-fn
It passes some 500 feet below the moor after which it was named, and was built with the aid of seven separate construction shafts sunk from the moor above. This permitted sixteen separate gangs of workers to be used during construction (one from each open end and two from the foot of each of the shafts).[4] Four of these were subsequently filled in but three were retained for ventilation purposes and are still used as such today (with occasional ice accumulation problems[5]). At one point of the track's history, steam locomotives were tested for their worthiness by driving them through this tunnel.[6]
The line from the south enters the tunnel on a rising 1% (1 in 100) gradient (the "Long Drag" beginning back at Шаблон:Rws), but an initial summit is reached at the 1100 ft contour just under half a mile from the southern portal. From there, the rest of the tunnel is on a shallow descending gradient of 1 in 440 towards Dent Head.
Traffic
Any train that goes the full length of the Settle & Carlisle line goes through the Blea Moor Tunnel. This includes passenger trains, all run by Northern (seven each way per day in the 2016-17 timetable),[7] various special excursions (some hauled by steam locomotives) and the many goods trains.
Train simulators
You can go through the Blea Moor Tunnel either with Microsoft Train Simulator, Trainz Classics 3 or Train Simulator Classic.
Location
- Southern portal: Шаблон:Coord
- Northern portal: Шаблон:Coord
References
Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:GeoGroupTemplate Шаблон:Tunnels in Yorkshire
- ↑ Garrat, Colin; Matthews, Max-Wade (2003), Illustrated Encyclopedia of Steam And Rail, Barnes & Noble Books, New York, Шаблон:ISBN
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:NRtimes
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