Английская Википедия:Cattleya
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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:About Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
Cattleya (Шаблон:IPAc-en)[1] is a genus of orchids from Costa Rica south to Argentina.[2] The genus is abbreviated C in trade journals.[3]
Description
Epiphytic or terrestrial orchids with cylindrical rhizome from which the fleshy noodle-like roots grow. Pseudobulbs can be conical, spindle-shaped or cylindrical; with upright growth; one or two leaves growing from the top of them. The leaves can be oblong, lanceolate or elliptical, somewhat fleshy, with smooth margin. The inflorescence is a terminal raceme with few or several flowers. Flowers have sepals and petals free from each other; the lip or labellum (lowermost petal), usually has a different coloration and shape from the rest of the flower and covers in part the flower column forming a tube. There are four pollinia (bag-like organs that contain pollen). The fruit is a capsule with many small seeds.[4][5][6]
Taxonomy
The genus was named in 1824 by John Lindley after horticulturalist William Cattley. Cattley obtained a specimen of then unnamed Cattleya labiata from William Swainson who had discovered the new plant in Pernambuco, Brazil, in 1817. The plant successfully bloomed under the care of Cattley and it became the type specimen from which Lindley described C. labiata.[7]
Currently accepted species and subgeneric division within genus Cattleya are:[8][9][10][11][12][13]
- Subgenus Cattleya
- Section Cattleya
- Section Crispae
- Series Cattleyodes
- Series Hadrolaelia
- Series Microlaelia
- Series Parviflorae
- Series Sophronitis
- Section Lawrenceanae
- Subgenus Cattleyella
- Subgenus Intermediae
- Subgenus Maximae
Subgenus Cattleya
Section Cattleya
Section Crispae
Series Cattleyodes
| Image | Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Файл:Cattleya crispa Lindley.jpg | C. crispa | SE. Brazil | 800 – 1500 meters |
| Файл:Orchidaceae Cattleya grandis 1.jpg | C. grandis | Brazil - SE. Bahia to N. Espírito Santo | . |
| Файл:Laelia lobata1.jpg | C. lobata | SE. Brazil. | |
| Файл:Sop perrini.jpg | C. perrinii | SE. Brazil | 700 – 900 meters |
| Файл:Cattleya purpurata fma. sanguinea ‘Mentz’ (Lindl. & Paxton) Rollisson ex Lindl., Gard. Chron. 1855 319 (1855) (42929804561).jpg | C. purpurata | SE. & S. Brazil | |
| Файл:A and B Larsen orchids - Laelia tenebrosa 925-4.jpg | C. tenebrosa | Brazil - SE. Bahia to Espírito Santo | . |
| C. virens | SE. Brazil | 1000 – 1500 meters | |
| Файл:Cattleya xanthina (Espírito Santo, Brasil) (Lindl.) Van den Berg, Neodiversity 3- 12 (2008) (35756189832).jpg | C. xanthina | Brazil - Bahia to Espírito Santo | . |
Series Hadrolaelia
| Image | Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Файл:Cattleya alaorii (s-wild) (Brieger & Bicalho) Van den Berg, Neodiversity 3- 4 (2008) (32091365561).jpg | C. alaorii | Brazil - Bahia | 200 – 600 meters |
| Файл:Cattleya bicalhoi fma. coerulea ‘Chojamaru’ Van den Berg, Neodiversity 3- 4 (2008) (26737176929).jpg | C. bicalhoi | Brazil - S. Minas Gerais to Rio de Janeiro | 500 – 2000 meters |
| Файл:Cattleya jongheana (Rchb.f.) Van den Berg, Neodiversity 3 8 (2008) (26476434407).jpg | C. jongheana | Brazil - Minas Gerais | 1300 – 1600 meters |
| Файл:Cattleya praestans rchb.f. van den berg.jpg.jpg | C. praestans | SE. Brazil | 300 – 500 meters |
| Файл:Hadrolaelia pumila Imperatriz.JPG | C. pumila | SE. & S. Brazil | 600 – 1300 meters |
| Файл:Cattleya sincorana ‘Black Willow’ (Schltr.) Van den Berg, Neodiversity 3- 11 (2008) (34363216995).jpg | C. sincorana | Brazil - Bahia | 1100 – 1500 meters |
Series Microlaelia
| Image | Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Файл:Microlaelia lundii flower.jpg | C. lundii | Bolivia to Argentina | 740 – 1000 meters |
Series Parviflorae
Series Sophronitis
Section Lawrenceanae
| Image | Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Файл:Cattleya lawrenceana.jpg | C. lawrenceana | Venezuela, Guyana, N. Brazil | 250 – 2400 meters |
| Файл:Cattleya lueddemanniana "tipo".JPG | C. lueddemanniana | N. Venezuela | 0 – 500 meters |
| Файл:Cattleya eldorado Orchi 002.jpg | C. wallisii | N. Brazil |
Subgenus Cattleyella
| Image | Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Файл:Cattleyella araguaiensis Orchi 033.jpg | C. araguaiensis | Brazil | 395 – 610 meters |
Subgenus Intermediae
Subgenus Maximae
| Image | Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Файл:Cattleya maxima ‘La Negra’ Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 116 (1833) (43195894741).jpg | C. maxima | S Ecuador to N Peru | 10 – 1500 meters |
Natural hybrids
Currently accepted natural hybrids are:[13]Шаблон:Div col
- Cattleya × adrienne (= Cattleya pumila × Cattleya jongheana) (Brazil)
- Cattleya × albanensis
- Cattleya × amanda
- Cattleya × binotii (= ) (Brazil)
- Cattleya × brasiliensis (= C. bicolor × C. harrisoniana) (Brazil)
- Cattleya × braunae
- Cattleya × britoi (= C. crispata x C. mirandae) (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
- Cattleya × brymeriana (= C. violacea × C. wallisii) (N. Brazil).
- Cattleya × calimaniana (Brazil)
- Cattleya × calimaniorum (NE Brazil)
- Cattleya × carassana (Brazil)
- Cattleya × cattleyioides (Brazil)
- Cattleya × cipoensis (Brazil)
- Cattleya × colnagiana (Brazil).
- Cattleya × cristinae (Brazil).
- Cattleya × cypheri
- Cattleya × dasilvae
- Cattleya × dayana (= C. forbesii × C. guttata) (Brazil).
- Cattleya × deckeri
- Cattleya × delicata
- Cattleya × diamantinensis (= C. pfisteri × C. sincorana) (Brazil).
- Cattleya × dolosa (= C. loddigesii × C. walkeriana) (Brazil).
- Cattleya × dukeana (= C. bicolor × C. guttata) (SE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × duveenii (= C. guttata × C. harrisoniana) (SE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × elegans
- Cattleya × ericoi
- Cattleya × feldmanniana
- Cattleya × fidelensis (Brazil - Rio de Janeiro).
- Cattleya × frankeana
- Cattleya × gaezeriana
- Cattleya × gerhard-santosii
- Cattleya × gottoana
- Cattleya × gransabanensis (= C. jenmanii × C. lawrenceana) (Venezuela).
- Cattleya × gravesiana (= C. lueddemanniana × C. mossiae) (Venezuela).
- Cattleya × hardyana (= C. dowiana var.aurea × C. warscewiczii) (Colombia).
- Cattleya × heitoriana
- Cattleya × hummeliana
- Cattleya × hybrida (= C. guttata × C. loddigesii) (SE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × imperator (= C. granulata × C. labiata) (NE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × intricata (= C. intermedia × C. leopoldii) (S. Brazil).
- Cattleya × irrorata
- Cattleya × isaacii
- Cattleya × isabella (= C. forbesii × C. intermedia) (SE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × itabapoanaensis
- Cattleya × jetibaensis
- Cattleya × joaquiniana (= C. bicolor × C. walkeriana) (Brazil) .
- Cattleya × kautskyi (= C. harrisoniana × C. warneri) (SE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × kerchoveana
- Cattleya × labendziana
- Cattleya × lambari
- Cattleya × lilacina
- Cattleya × lucieniana (= C. forbesii × C. granulosa) (SE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × macguiganii
- Cattleya × measuresii (= C. aclandiae × C. walkeriana) (E. Brazil).
- Cattleya × mesquitae (= C. nobilior × C. walkeriana) (Brazil).
- Cattleya × mingaensis
- Cattleya × mixta (= C. guttata × C. schofieldiana) (Brazil).
- Cattleya × moduloi (C. schofieldiana × C. warneri) (Brazil).
- Cattleya × mucugensis
- Cattleya × neocalimaniana
- Cattleya × neocalimaniorum
- Cattleya × neoreginae
- Cattleya × nesyana
- Cattleya × occhioniana
- Cattleya × odiloniana
- Cattleya × patrocinii (= C. guttata × C. warneriana) (SE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × picturata (= C. guttata × C. intermedia) (SE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × pittiana
- Cattleya × porphyritis
- Cattleya × porphyrophlebia
- Cattleya × raganii
- Cattleya × resplendens (= C. granulosa × C. schilleriana) (NE. Brazil)
- Cattleya × rigbyana
- Cattleya × ruschii
- Cattleya × sancheziana
- Cattleya × schroederiana
- Cattleya × schunkiana
- Cattleya × schunkii
- Cattleya × scita (= C. intermedia × C. tigrina) (S. Brazil).
- Cattleya × sgarbii
- Cattleya × sororia
- Cattleya × tenuata (= C. elongata × C. tenuis) (Brazil) .
- Cattleya × varelae
- Cattleya × venosa (= C. forbesii × C. harrisoniana) (Brazil).
- Cattleya × verelii
- Cattleya × victoria-regina ( C. guttata × C. labiata) (NE. Brazil).
- Cattleya × victoriacarolinae
- Cattleya × wetmorei
- Cattleya × whitei
- Cattleya × wilsoniana (= C. bicolor × C. intermedia). (Brazil).
- Cattleya × wyattiana (= C. crispa × C. lobata). (Brazil).
- Cattleya × zaslawskii (= C. harpophylla × C. praestans). (Brazil).
- Cattleya × zayrae (= C. amethystoglossa × C. elongata). (Bahia, Brazil)
Nothogenera
Шаблон:Expand section Hybrids of Cattleya and other genera are placed in the following nothogenera:
- × Brassocattleya = Brassavola × Cattleya
- × Brassolaeliocattleya = Brassavola × Cattleya × Laelia
- × Cattleytonia = Cattleya × Broughtonia
- × Laeliocattleya = Cattleya × Laelia
- × Rhyncholaeliocattleya = Rhyncholaelia × Cattleya
Cultivation
- Light
- Cattleyas need light, but not direct sunlight; in case of intense sunlight, shade must be provided.[14]
- Temperature
- Day temperatures must be between 25-30 °C (77-86 °F) and night temperatures not lower than 10-12 °C (50-53.6 °F).[14]
- Humidity
- Must be between 40-70% with good ventilation; however plants must not be exposed to air currents.[15]
- Watering
- Water only if substrate is dry. It can be done once a week, but it all depends on the environmental conditions and the season.[15]
- Fertilizing
- Cattleyas can survive without fertilizing. However, it is advisable to use nitrogen-based fertilizers without urea; fertilizers must be applied during the growth season.[15] To avoid salt accumulation in the substrate, water thoroughly between fertilizer applications.[15]
References
External links
- Шаблон:Commons-inline
- Шаблон:Wikispecies-inline
- Шаблон:Cite web (enter "Cattleya" in search box).
- More info About Orchids Orchids of Costa Rica
- Breeding Cattleya Breeding in Cattleyas
- Painting of a Cattleya by Martin Johnson Heade, 1871 - National Gallery of Art, Washington
- Orchid Picture Gallery
- American Orchid Society - Orchid Web
- Cattleya Orchid Forum
- van den Berg, C. and M.W. Chase. 2000. Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae - I. Lindleyana 15(2): 115-119.
- Cattleya ochids flowers pictures Photos of Thailand native cattleya orchids
- Orchidroots.org Шаблон:Webarchive Cattleya Species
Шаблон:Taxonbar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Schweinfurth, C., "Orchidaceae, Orchids of Peru", Fieldiana, Botany 30(3): 535
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journalШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ 13,0 13,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 15,0 15,1 15,2 15,3 Шаблон:Cite web
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