Английская Википедия:Chromosome 11
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox chromosome Chromosome 11 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Humans normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 11 spans about 135 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. The shorter arm (p arm) is termed 11p while the longer arm (q arm) is 11q. At about 21.5 genes per megabase, chromosome 11 is one of the most gene-rich, and disease-rich, chromosomes in the human genome.
More than 40% of the 856 olfactory receptor genes in the human genome are located in 28 single-gene and multi-gene clusters along the chromosome.
Gene
Number of genes
The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 11. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[1]
| Estimated by | Protein-coding genes | Non-coding RNA genes | Pseudogenes | Source | Release date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCDS | 1,224 | — | — | [2] | 2016-09-08 |
| HGNC | 1,262 | 271 | 666 | [3] | 2017-05-12 |
| Ensembl | 1,301 | 1,060 | 811 | [4] | 2017-03-29 |
| UniProt | 1,327 | — | — | [5] | 2018-02-28 |
| NCBI | 1,314 | 860 | 839 | [6][7][8] | 2017-05-19 |
Gene list
Шаблон:Category see also The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 11. For complete list, see the links in the infobox on the right. Шаблон:Columns-list
Diseases and disorders
The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 11: Шаблон:Div col
- autism (NRXN2)
- acute intermittent porphyria
- albinism
- ataxia–telangiectasia
- Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
- Best's disease
- beta-ketothiolase deficiency
- beta thalassemia
- bladder cancer
- breast cancer
- carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
- Cystic fibrosis
- Depression
- Denys–Drash syndrome
- familial Mediterranean fever
- Hereditary angioedema Шаблон:OMIM
- Jacobsen syndrome
- Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
- Mantle cell lymphoma (t11;14)
- Meckel syndrome
- methemoglobinemia, beta-globin type
- Mixed lineage leukemia
- multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
- Hereditary multiple exostoses
- Nestor-Guillermo progeria syndrome
- Niemann–Pick disease
- nonsyndromic deafness
- porphyria
- Potocki–Shaffer syndrome
- Romano–Ward syndrome
- Sickle cell anemia[9]
- Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome
- tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency
- Usher syndrome
- WAGR syndrome
- Wiedemann–Steiner syndrome
- Wilms' tumor
Cytogenetic band
| Chr. | Arm[11] | Band[12] | ISCN start[13] |
ISCN stop[13] |
Basepair start |
Basepair stop |
Stain[14] | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | p | 15.5 | 0 | 230 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | p | 15.4 | 230 | 461 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 50 |
| 11 | p | 15.3 | 461 | 745 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | p | 15.2 | 745 | 935 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 50 |
| 11 | p | 15.1 | 935 | 1246 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | p | 14.3 | 1246 | 1490 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 100 |
| 11 | p | 14.2 | 1490 | 1545 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | p | 14.1 | 1545 | 1775 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 75 |
| 11 | p | 13 | 1775 | 2114 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | p | 12 | 2114 | 2357 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 100 |
| 11 | p | 11.2 | 2357 | 2655 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | p | 11.12 | 2655 | 2872 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 75 |
| 11 | p | 11.11 | 2872 | 3035 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | acen | |
| 11 | q | 11 | 3035 | 3197 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | acen | |
| 11 | q | 12.1 | 3197 | 3414 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 75 |
| 11 | q | 12.2 | 3414 | 3550 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 12.3 | 3550 | 3685 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 25 |
| 11 | q | 13.1 | 3685 | 4037 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 13.2 | 4037 | 4186 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 25 |
| 11 | q | 13.3 | 4186 | 4512 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 13.4 | 4512 | 4688 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 50 |
| 11 | q | 13.5 | 4688 | 4877 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 14.1 | 4877 | 5148 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 100 |
| 11 | q | 14.2 | 5148 | 5257 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 14.3 | 5257 | 5474 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 100 |
| 11 | q | 21 | 5474 | 5690 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 22.1 | 5690 | 5934 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 100 |
| 11 | q | 22.2 | 5934 | 6070 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 22.3 | 6070 | 6300 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 100 |
| 11 | q | 23.1 | 6300 | 6503 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 23.2 | 6503 | 6693 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 50 |
| 11 | q | 23.3 | 6693 | 7167 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 24.1 | 7167 | 7316 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 50 |
| 11 | q | 24.2 | 7316 | 7533 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 11 | q | 24.3 | 7533 | 7695 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 50 |
| 11 | q | 25 | 7695 | 7980 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg |
References
Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Refbegin
External links
Шаблон:Chromosomes Шаблон:Chromosome genetics
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
- ↑ "p": Short arm; "q": Long arm.
- ↑ For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article locus.
- ↑ 13,0 13,1 These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Arbitrary unit.
- ↑ gpos: Region which is positively stained by G banding, generally AT-rich and gene poor; gneg: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally CG-rich and gene rich; acen Centromere. var: Variable region; stalk: Stalk.
