Английская Википедия:Chunyu Yi
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox person Шаблон:Infobox Chinese Chunyu Yi (Шаблон:Zh)Шаблон:Efn was a Chinese physician and bureaucrat active during the Western Han dynasty. A minor official in charge of a granary in Qi, he became renowned as a healer. He is noted as an early source of case histories.
Career
Chunyu was born around 205 BCШаблон:Sfn and 215 BCШаблон:Sfn to a prominent land-owning family.Шаблон:Sfn According to biographer Sima Qian, writing in the 105th chapter of his Records of the Grand Historian,Шаблон:Sfn Chunyu was a minor official in charge of the granary in the state of Qi. In 180 BC, aged about 35, he began a career as a physician by studying the writings of legendary physician Bian Que while being mentored by both Gongsun Guang (Шаблон:Lang) and Yang Zhongqian (Шаблон:Lang).Шаблон:Sfn Sima's biography of Chunyu also contains some 25 case histories.Шаблон:Sfn In diagnosing his patients, Chunyu, who reportedly could "tactually perceive" qi,Шаблон:Sfn had the custom of "explaining his observations in relation to authoritative texts".Шаблон:Sfn For instance, after observing a "hot reading from the lungs" of a man who had died "from an illness gotten from engaging in sexual intercourse while in a rage", Chunyu recalled the Maifa (Шаблон:Lang) or Model of the Pulse: "If the pulse is uneven but drumlike, the body will dissipate."Шаблон:Sfn
Chunyu's reputation as an adept healer earned him an audience with the King of Qi.Шаблон:Sfn At the same time, Chunyu habitually criticised the methods of his fellow physicians.Шаблон:Sfn He was also targeted by the relatives of "people whom he did not treat".Шаблон:Sfn Sometime between 176 and 167 BC,Шаблон:Sfn he was arrested for malpractice, on the grounds that he had refused to treat a certain patient, and sentenced to "certain punishment by mutilation".Шаблон:Sfn However, he was pardoned by Emperor Wen,Шаблон:Sfn following an impassioned appeal by Chunyu's youngest daughter, Tiying.Шаблон:Sfn After being released from prison, Chunyu wrote an autobiography,Шаблон:Sfn a medical treatise concerning etiology, diagnosis, and treatment,Шаблон:Sfn as well as several case histories which were subsequently included in Sima Qian's work.Шаблон:Sfn Little is known about Chunyu Yi's later years, apart from the fact that he had at least five students.Шаблон:Sfn
Legacy
Early Chinese writers, including Sima Qian and Huangfu Mi, tended to present Chunyu as primarily a political figure whom they dubbed Canggong (Шаблон:Lang) or the "Granary Master", with little to no reference to his medical contributions.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Sima described Chunyu as "secretive",Шаблон:Sfn while Huangfu Mi likened Chunyu Yi to another healer, Attendant He (Шаблон:Lang): "Their analyses captured root principles and thus they did far more than just examine the ill."Шаблон:Sfn
Although the Han dynasty was a watershed in the history of traditional Chinese medicine, few medical writings from the period are extant.Шаблон:Sfn Writing in the Mingyi lei'an (Шаблон:Lang) or Classified Cases from Famous Doctors (1549), Jiang Guan (Шаблон:Lang) claims that Chunyu Yi was the "ancient founder of the case history tradition".Шаблон:Sfn Similarly, Vivienne Lo notes that Chunyu Yi was "an early exponent of the medicine of systematic correspondence that dominated intellectual medical traditions from the beginning of the Chinese empire through to modern times."Шаблон:Sfn According to Charles Buck, Chunyu's writings are thus "celebrated for the very rare insights they provide into clinical practice near the start of the Han."Шаблон:Sfn Elisabeth Hsu adds that Chunyu's work is "of similar importance to the history of medicine in China as did the Epidemics in the Hippocratic corpus to Greek medicine or the Ebers papyrus to Egyptian medicine."Шаблон:Sfn
Notes
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Citations
Bibliography
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Шаблон:History of medicine in China Шаблон:Authority control
