Английская Википедия:Claude de Forbin
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox military person
Claude, comte de Forbin-Gardanne (6 August 1656, Gardanne – 4 March 1733) was a French naval officer, nobleman and diplomat. From 1685 to 1688, he led a diplomatic mission to the Ayutthaya Kingdom. He became governor of Bangkok and a general in the Siamese army, and left Siam shortly before King Narai fell ill and was deposed by a coup d'état.
Biography
Claude de Forbin was born in the village Gardanne in the Provence, as a member of a family established in Marseille in the 14th century. Later divided into several branches, Claude de Forbin was the most famous of the branch Forbin Gardanne.Шаблон:Citation needed
High-spirited and ungovernable in his boyhood,Шаблон:Citation needed he ran away from his home, and through the influence of an uncle entered the navy, serving his first campaign in 1675. For a short time he quit the navy and entered the musketeers.Шаблон:Sfn There, he killed the chevalier de Gourdon in a duel, and was sentenced to death by the Parliament of Aix; he managed to obtain a grace and joined the Navy under his brother's identity.Шаблон:Citation needed
He served under the Count d'Estrées during the American campaign, and under Duquesne that of Algiers in 1683, on all occasions distinguishing himself by his impetuous courage.Шаблон:Sfn
Grand Admiral of Siam
The most remarkable episode of his life was his mission to Siam.Шаблон:Sfn During the administration of the Greek adventurer Phaulcon in that country, the project was formed of introducing the Christian religion and European civilisation, and the king sent an embassy to Louis XIV. In response a French embassy was sent out, Forbin accompanying the Chevalier de Chaumont with the rank of major aboard the Oiseau. When Chaumont returned to France, Forbin was induced to remain in the service of the Siamese king, and accepted, though with much reluctance, the posts of grand admiral, general of all the king's armies and governor of Bangkok.Шаблон:Sfn During his tenure he crushed the Makassar Revolt at Bangkok, although almost at the cost of his own life.Шаблон:Citation needed
His position, however, was soon made untenable by the jealousy and intrigues of the minister Phaulcon; and at the end of two years he left Siam, reaching France in 1688.Шаблон:Sfn He was replaced as Governor of Bangkok by the Chevalier de Beauregard.Шаблон:Citation needed
War with England
Claude de Forbin was afterwards fully engaged in active service, first with Jean Bart in the war with England,Шаблон:Sfn when they escorted a convoy; attacked by superior forces, Forbin, aboard the Jeux, and Jean Bart, aboard the Railleuse, sacrificed themselves in a delaying action to allow the convoy the escape.Шаблон:Citation needed They were both captured and taken to Plymouth. They succeeded in making their escape after 11 days, crossed the Channel on a small craft, and were soon serving their country again.Шаблон:Sfn
Made a capitaine de vaisseau in June 1689, he commanded the Neptune in the Battle of Beachy Head (1690). After a campaign in the North Sea in 1691, he commanded the Perle in Barfleur,Шаблон:Citation needed where he was wounded. He greatly distinguished himself at the battle of Lagos in 1693.Шаблон:Sfn Commanding the Marquis in 1695, he campaigned in the Mediterranean and Constantinople. In 1697, he served in Catalonia in the siege of Barcelona.Шаблон:Citation needed
During the War of the Spanish Succession, he led a three-ship of the line division in the Adriatic, where he blockaded Venice, bombed Trieste and ransomed Fiume. In 1703 and 1704, he hunted down the privateers from Vlissingen.Шаблон:Citation needed
In June 1706, he attacked an English convoy, capturing seven ships; on 12 July, he seized two Dutch ships, and on 28 October, engaging a strongly escorted Dutch convoy, he captured three ships and sank another one.Шаблон:Citation needed
In 1707, he was made a Chef d'Escadre (Rear-Admiral). On 12 May he captured a British convoy of 18 ships en route for Portugal. In the summer he led the Mars and a division into the White Sea, returning to Brest on 23 September with 34 captured ships.Шаблон:Citation needed
On 21 October in the Battle at the Lizard, he helped Duguay-Trouin in destroying almost entirely an English convoy set for Portugal: of 80 ships, 60 merchantman and four ships of the line were captured, and 1 other was sunk.Шаблон:Citation needed
In 1708, he led Prince James Francis Edward Stuart to Scotland, in an attempt to reconquer the Throne of England; ill-prepared, the attempt failed, and Forbin ceased to navigate. He quit the Navy in January 1715, and died on 4 March 1733 in Saint-Marcel Castle near Marseille.Шаблон:Citation needed
His Memories were published in 1730, written by his secretary.Шаблон:Citation needed
Sometimes hated for his harsh and strong personality, Forbin entered the legend as one of the most brilliant sailors of the time.Шаблон:Citation needed
Trivia
Six vessels of the French Navy bore the name (see French ship Forbin).Шаблон:Citation needed
See also
Notes
References
Attribution
External links
- memoires-de-siam (in French)
- www.netmarine.net (in French)
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- 1656 births
- 1733 deaths
- People from Gardanne
- House of Forbin
- Counts of France
- French Navy admirals
- Expatriates in the Ayutthaya Kingdom
- French naval commanders in the War of the Spanish Succession
- Knights of the Order of Saint Louis
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
