Английская Википедия:Clayton, New Jersey

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use American English Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox settlement Clayton is a borough in Gloucester County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 8,807,[1][2] an increase of 628 (+7.7%) from the 2010 census count of 8,179,[3][4] which in turn reflected an increase of 1,040 (+14.6%) from the 7,139 counted in the 2000 census.[5]

Jacob Fisler purchased much of the area that is now Clayton, acquiring Шаблон:Convert of land after the American Revolutionary War. A settlement named Fislertown developed and grew to 36 families by 1812.[6] A glass factory was established in Clayton in the 1850s by one of Fisler's descendants, which contributed to Fislertown's growth.[7]

What is now Clayton was formed as Clayton Township on February 5, 1858, from portions of Franklin Township. Portions of the township were later taken on March 11, 1878, to form Glassboro Township. Clayton was formed as a borough by the New Jersey Legislature on May 9, 1887, from portions of Clayton Township. The remainder of Clayton Township was absorbed by the Clayton on April 14, 1908, and the township was dissolved.[8] Clayton is part of the South Jersey region of the state.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 7.26 square miles (18.80 km2), including 7.08 square miles (18.32 km2) of land and 0.18 square miles (0.48 km2) of water (2.53%).[9][10] Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the borough include Silver Lake.[11] Clayton borders Elk Township, Franklin Township, Glassboro, and Monroe Township.[12][13]

Demographics

Шаблон:US Census population

2020 census

As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Clayton was 8,807.[1][2]

2010 census

The 2010 United States census counted 8,179 people, 2,916 households, and 2,105 families in the borough. The population density was 1,145.5 per square mile (442.3/km2). There were 3,128 housing units at an average density of 438.1 per square mile (169.2/km2). The racial makeup was 74.83% (6,120) White, 18.01% (1,473) Black or African American, 0.37% (30) Native American, 1.80% (147) Asian, 0.02% (2) Pacific Islander, 1.59% (130) from other races, and 3.39% (277) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.95% (487) of the population.[3]

Of the 2,916 households, 34.1% had children under the age of 18; 51.4% were married couples living together; 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present and 27.8% were non-families. Of all households, 22.1% were made up of individuals and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.27.[3]

26.3% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.2 years. For every 100 females, the population had 92.9 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 89.1 males.[3] The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $70,299 (with a margin of error of +/− $5,649) and the median family income was $70,989 (+/− $5,101). Males had a median income of $52,048 (+/− $6,973) versus $39,524 (+/− $6,308) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $27,437 (+/− $2,649). About 9.6% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.9% of those under age 18 and 8.0% of those age 65 or over.[14]

2000 census

As of the 2000 U.S. census[15] there were 7,139 people, 2,464 households, and 1,884 families residing in the borough. The population density was Шаблон:Convert. There were 2,680 housing units at an average density of Шаблон:Convert. The racial makeup of the borough was 79.23% White, 16.05% African American, 0.42% Native American, 0.66% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.95% from other races, and 2.66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.28% of the population.[16][17]

There were 2,464 households, out of which 39.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.5% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 19.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.31.[16][17]

In the borough the population was spread out, with 29.1% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.8 males.[16][17]

The median income for a household in the borough was $53,219, and the median income for a family was $63,097. Males had a median income of $37,231 versus $29,063 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $20,006. About 3.1% of families and 2.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.0% of those under age 18 and 1.7% of those age 65 or over.[16][17]

Parks and recreation

Parkland covers about a third of the borough and includes both municipal and state parks.[18][19] The Glassboro Wildlife Management Area covers almost Шаблон:Convert in portions of Clayton, Glassboro, and Monroe Township.[20][21]

Government

Local government

Clayton is governed under the borough form of New Jersey municipal government, which is used in 218 of New Jersey's 564 municipalities, making it the state's most common form of government.[22] The governing body is comprised of a mayor and a borough council with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. The mayor is elected by the voters to a four-year term of office. The borough council includes six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle.[23] The borough form of government used by Clayton is a weak mayor/strong council government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council.[24][25][26]

In March 2019, the borough council selected Christina Moorhouse from three candidates nominated by the Democratic municipal committee to fill the seat vacated by Vonzora Jackson's resignation.[27]

Шаблон:As of, the mayor is Democrat Thomas Bianco, whose term of office ends on December 31, 2023. Members of the Borough Council are Council President Tony Saban (D, 2022), Dave Chapes (2024), Christina Moorhouse (D, 2022), Frank Rollo (D, 2024), Charles Simon (D, 2023), and Darlene Vondran (D, 2023).[28][29][30][31][32][33]

Clayton describes itself in its motto as "a great place to live and play, work and pray." The seal, which has been used since the late 1960s, features an image of a factory, a house, a figure fishing off a boat, and with a church with a cross, which was challenged by the Freedom From Religion Foundation in March 2016 as "unmistakably religious" and unconstitutional.[34][35]

Federal, state, and county representation

Clayton is located in the 2nd Congressional District[36] and is part of New Jersey's 3rd state legislative district.[37][38][39]

Шаблон:NJ Congress 02 Шаблон:NJ Senate

Шаблон:NJ Legislative 03

Шаблон:NJ Gloucester County Freeholders

Politics

As of March 2011, there were a total of 4,874 registered voters in Clayton. Of these, 1,755 (36.0%) were registered as Democrats, 819 (16.8%) were registered as Republicans, and 2,296 (47.1%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were four voters registered as Libertarians or Greens.[40]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 64.2% of the vote (2,247 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 34.5% (1,206 votes), and other candidates with 1.3% (45 votes), among the 3,521 ballots cast by the borough's 5,164 registered voters (23 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 68.2%.[41][42] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 62.1% of the vote (2,270 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 35.8% (1,309 votes) and other candidates with 1.3% (49 votes), among the 3,653 ballots cast by the borough's 5,090 registered voters, for a turnout of 71.8%.[43] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 54.5% of the vote (1,745 ballots cast), outpolling Republican George W. Bush with 44.6% (1,427 votes) and other candidates with 0.4% (16 votes), among the 3,201 ballots cast by the borough's 4,410 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 72.6.[44]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 56.7% of the vote (1,133 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 41.9% (837 votes), and other candidates with 1.5% (30 votes), among the 2,039 ballots cast by the borough's 5,133 registered voters (39 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 39.7%.[45][46] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 48.2% of the vote (1,055 ballots cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 39.8% (871 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 9.1% (200 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (17 votes) among the 2,191 ballots cast by the borough's 4,947 registered voters, yielding a 44.3% turnout.[47]

Education

Clayton Public Schools serve public school students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[48] As of the 2020–21 school year, the district has three schools, an enrollment of 1,463 students, and 117.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis) for a student–teacher ratio of 12.5:1.[49] Schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[50]) are Herma S. Simmons Elementary School[51] with 668 students in grades PreK-5, Clayton Middle School[52] with 343 students in grades 6-8, and Clayton High School[53] with 420 students in grades 9-12.[54][55][56][57]

In September 2009, voters approved a referendum that covered a $20 million renovation and expansion project at the middle school / high school.[58] In September 2014, voters approved a referendum that covered $9.7 million to upgrade all three schools in the district. The approved projects include a roof replacement at both the high school and middle school, an addition of a 750-seat auditorium, technology infrastructure at all three schools, a new football field stadium lighting and a new gym floor at Herma Simmons Elementary School.[59]

Students in Gloucester County are eligible to apply to attend Gloucester County Institute of Technology, a four-year high school in Deptford Township that provides technical and vocational education programs. As a public school, students and their families do not pay tuition to attend the school.[60]

Formed from a merger of two regional schools, St. Michael the Archangel Regional School is a K–8 school that operates under the supervision of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Camden.[61][62] The former St. Catherine of Siena Regional School in Clayton merged with St. Michael in 2008.[63]

Transportation

Файл:2018-09-07 12 06 25 View north along New Jersey State Route 47 (Delsea Drive) just north of Gloucester County Route 610 (Academy Street) in Clayton, Gloucester County, New Jersey.jpg
Route 47 northbound in Clayton

Roads and highways

Шаблон:As of, the borough had a total of Шаблон:Convert of roadways. Of this, Шаблон:Convert is maintained by the municipality, Шаблон:Convert by Gloucester County and Шаблон:Convert by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[64]

The main thoroughfare that passes through is Route 47.[65] Route 55 traverses the borough's southwestern edge, but the closest interchanges are in neighboring communities.[66] A sliver of County Road 553 clips the borough's western edge.[67]

Public transportation

NJ Transit bus service is available between the borough and Philadelphia on its 313 and 408 routes.[68][69]

Notable people

Шаблон:Category see also People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Clayton include:

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Portal

Шаблон:Gloucester County, New Jersey Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
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Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Census2020 не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок LWD2020 не указан текст
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Census2010 не указан текст
  4. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок LWD2010 не указан текст
  5. ↑ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed May 1, 2023.
  6. ↑ History of Clayton, Clayton Historical Society. Accessed November 7, 2019. "After the Revolutionary War, Jacob and his son Leonard jointly bought 3,755 acres, expanding Fisler territory from the land near the Clayton cemetery westward to Aura. Leonard built a home on this land by Still Run Creek, which is now called Silver Lake.... As their territory expanded in size, it also grew in population. More and more families moved to the area, and by 1812, thirty-six families had settled in Fisler Town."
  7. ↑ Borough History, Borough of Clayton. Accessed November 7, 2019. "Jacob Fisler purchased a tract of land containing 2,800 acres in the area of Clayton’s Cedar Green Cemetery. He and his son Leonard jointly purchased 3,755 acres extending from the cemetery to Aura. In 1850, the locality gradually took on the name of Fislertown, and consisted of five dwellings. Jacob Fisler and Benjamin Beckett opened a glass factory at this time, which was a catalyst for a significant increase in the population."
  8. ↑ Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 137. Accessed October 25, 2012.
  9. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок CensusArea не указан текст
  10. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок GR1 не указан текст
  11. ↑ Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  12. ↑ Municipalities within Gloucester County, NJ, Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission. Accessed March 23, 2020.
  13. ↑ New Jersey Municipal Boundaries, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed November 15, 2019.
  14. ↑ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Clayton borough, Gloucester County, New Jersey Шаблон:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  15. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок GR2 не указан текст
  16. ↑ 16,0 16,1 16,2 16,3 Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Clayton borough, New Jersey Шаблон:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 17,2 17,3 DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Clayton borough, Gloucester County, New Jersey Шаблон:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  18. ↑ Clayton Parks, Borough of Clayton. Accessed November 7, 2019. "The Borough of Clayton is fortunate to have approximately one-third of its land dedicated to parks and recreation."
  19. ↑ Watershed Based Municipal Stormwater Management Plan for Clayton Borough, Clayton Borough, February 2006. Accessed March 24, 2020. "With its small land area, its location between Philadelphia and the New Jersey Shore, and its major highway access (in particular, Routes 47 and 55), it is likely that Clayton Borough will someday experience significant development pressures. However, more than one-third of the small Borough is comprised of wildlife management areas, lakes and parks."
  20. ↑ Glassboro Wildlife Management Area, New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife. Accessed November 7, 2019.
  21. ↑ Wildlife Management Areas, New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife. Accessed November 7, 2019.
  22. ↑ Inventory of Municipal Forms of Government in New Jersey, Rutgers University Center for Government Studies, July 1, 2011. Accessed June 1, 2023.
  23. ↑ 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 19.
  24. ↑ Cerra, Michael F. "Forms of Government: Everything You've Always Wanted to Know, But Were Afraid to Ask" Шаблон:Webarchive, New Jersey State League of Municipalities. Accessed November 30, 2014.
  25. ↑ "Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey", p. 6. Rutgers University Center for Government Studies. Accessed June 1, 2023.
  26. ↑ Government Шаблон:Webarchive, Borough of Clayton. Accessed July 5, 2016.
  27. ↑ Staff. "New Council & School Board Members Installed; With Resignations Come New Appointments", Clayton Free Press, March 2019. Accessed November 7, 2019. "On Clayton Borough Council, with the resignation of Vonzora (Vonnie) Jackson, Christina Moorhouse was selected from a list of three people recommended to Council by the Clayton Democratic Party."
  28. ↑ Mayor & Council, Borough of Clayton. Accessed May 12, 2022.
  29. ↑ 2022 Municipal Data Sheet, Borough of Clayton. Accessed May 12, 2022.
  30. ↑ Gloucester County 2022 Official Directory, Gloucester County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
  31. ↑ General Election November 2, 2021 Unofficial Results, Gloucester County, New Jersey, updated November 15, 2021. Accessed January 1, 2022.
  32. ↑ General Election November 3, 2020 Unofficial Results, Gloucester County, New Jersey, updated November 18, 2020. Accessed January 1, 2021.
  33. ↑ General Election November 5, 2019 Summary Report Unofficial Results, Gloucester County, New Jersey Clerk, November 12, 2019. Accessed January 1, 2020.
  34. ↑ Polhamus, Andy. "Is this N.J. town's seal too religious? An atheist group thinks so", NJ.com, April 4, 2016. Accessed April 4, 2016. "A national atheist group is asking the borough to change both its town motto and official seal, saying that both are 'unmistakably religious' and unconstitutional. Clayton's motto describes the town as 'a great place to live and play, work and pray.' The seal, meanwhile features an image of a church emblazoned with a cross as well as a factory, a house and a figure fishing from a boat."
  35. ↑ Editorial Board. "N.J. town's 'cross' seal does not offend - Editorial", South Jersey Times, April 4, 2016. Accessed April 5, 2016. "The church building, with a cross within, is one of five stylized elements in the seal. Others include an industrial building and a person fishing from a boat."
  36. ↑ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.
  37. ↑ Municipalities Sorted by 2011-2020 Legislative District, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed February 1, 2020.
  38. ↑ 2019 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed October 30, 2019.
  39. ↑ Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  40. ↑ Voter Registration Summary - Gloucester, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  41. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  42. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  43. ↑ 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Gloucester County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  44. ↑ 2004 Presidential Election: Gloucester County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  45. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  46. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  47. ↑ 2009 Governor: Gloucester County Шаблон:Webarchive, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  48. ↑ Clayton Board of Education District Policy 0110 - Identification, Clayton Public Schools. Accessed February 16, 2020. "Purpose: The Board of Education exists for the purpose of providing a thorough and efficient system of free public education in grades Pre-Kindergarten through twelve in the Clayton School District. Composition The Clayton School District is comprised of all the area within the municipal boundaries of Clayton."
  49. ↑ District information for Clayton Public School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.
  50. ↑ School Data for the Clayton Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.
  51. ↑ Herma S. Simmons Elementary School, Clayton Public Schools. Accessed December 17, 2022.
  52. ↑ Clayton Middle School, Clayton Public Schools. Accessed December 17, 2022.
  53. ↑ Clayton High School, Clayton Public Schools. Accessed December 17, 2022.
  54. ↑ Our Schools, Clayton Public Schools. Accessed December 17, 2022.
  55. ↑ 2020-2021 Public School Directory, Gloucester County, New Jersey. Accessed December 17, 2022.
  56. ↑ School Performance Reports for the Clayton PublicSchool District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed December 17, 2022.
  57. ↑ New Jersey School Directory for the Clayton Public Schools, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed December 29, 2016.
  58. ↑ Driscoll, Jessica. "Clayton, Pitman prepare for OK'd school upgrade referendum work", Gloucester County Times, November 30, 2009. Accessed July 19, 2011. "Voters approved bond referendums for two local school districts in September and now district officials are working with architects to prepare bid specifications and prepare for construction. In Clayton, work will likely begin this spring on a $20 million renovation and expansion project at the high school/ middle school."
  59. ↑ Pritchett, Kristina. "Clayton residents approve $9.7 million referendum in December special election", South Jersey Times, December 10, 2014, updated January 17, 2019. Accessed November 7, 2019.
  60. ↑ Admissions, Gloucester County Institute of Technology. Accessed November 7, 2019. "There is no charge to attend. GCIT is a public school.... GCIT is the vocational-technical school for Gloucester County residents. You must live in Gloucester County to apply and attend."
  61. ↑ Schools, South Jersey Catholic Schools. Accessed February 19, 2023.
  62. ↑ History, St. Michael the Archangel Regional School. Accessed February 19, 2023. "St. Michael the Archangel Regional School first opened its doors in September, 2008 as the result of a merger of St. Bridget Regional School, Glassboro, NJ and St. Catherine of Siena School, Clayton, NJ. The creation of the school was the result of declining enrollment and financial concerns in the schools located within the Diocese of Camden."
  63. ↑ Giordano, Rita. "After much work, newly merged school opens in Clayton", The Philadelphia Inquirer, September 6, 2008. Accessed February 19, 2023. St. Bridget's was one of 15 schools in the Diocese of Camden slated for merger by the fall. It would join with St. Catherine of Siena in Clayton, the school St. Bridget's junior varsity girls beat in the basketball championship last year. The plan was for the schools to become one in St. Catherine's building with a new name, a new community."
  64. ↑ Gloucester County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 25, 2014.
  65. ↑ Route 47 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated April 2014. Accessed February 20, 2023.
  66. ↑ Route 55 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated March 2017. Accessed February 20, 2023.
  67. ↑ Gloucester County Highway Map, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed February 20, 2023.
  68. ↑ Gloucester County Bus / Rail Connections, NJ Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of July 26, 2010. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  69. ↑ Gloucester County's Transit Guide, Gloucester County, New Jersey. Accessed November 7, 2019.
  70. ↑ Daniel J. Dalton, Kennedy Health. Accessed September 15, 2016. "Mr. Dalton and his wife, Suzanne, reside in Clayton, NJ."
  71. ↑ Voorhees, Benoit. "Sunny Gale: Come Go With Me, Part 1", Retro Scoop, 2010. Accessed October 22, 2016. "Sunny Gale was born as Selma Segal on February 20th 1927 in Clayton, New Jersey, on the east coast of the United States. This small town in Gloucester county is situated halfway Atlantic City and Philadelphia."
  72. ↑ Dotson, Frank. "What's wrong with college basketball?", Lakeland Ledger, December 26, 1981. Accessed July 24, 2012. "Granger Hall, a sophomore from Clayton, got off the bus on the New Jersey side of Ben Franklin Bridge, which links Camden, N.J., and Philadelphia across the Delaware River."
  73. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  74. ↑ "Rodriguez Named First Team All-State", Ferrum Panthers, April 28, 2015. Accessed August 19, 2020. "The Virginia Sports Information Directors (VaSID) announced the 2015 VaSID Wrestling All-State Team and Ferrum College's Nick Rodriguez has been included on the first team in the 197-pound weight class.... A freshman from Clayton, New Jersey, Rodriguez finished with a 23-4 overall record, including nine pins."
  75. ↑ Anastasia, Phil. "A champion to remember Mel Sheppard won the first of his 4 Olympic golds 100 years ago.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, July 14, 2008, backed up by the Internet Archive as of March 4, 2016. Accessed October 22, 2016. "At age 9, Sheppard moved with his family to Clayton, and got a job 'rolling jars' in a glass factory for $9 a month."
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