Английская Википедия:Cockfield, County Durham
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Infobox UK place Cockfield is a village on the edge of Teesdale, County Durham, England. It is situated 8 miles to the south-west of Bishop Auckland, Шаблон:Convert north-west of Darlington and Шаблон:Convert south-west of Newcastle upon Tyne. Remains found on Cockfield Fell suggest there was a settlement in the area during the Iron Age. The parish church, dedicated to St Mary the Virgin, probably dates from the late 12th century.
Coal mining began in the area in the medieval period. When the South West Durham coalfield was opened in the 19th and 20th centuries the population of the village grew significantly. The last coal mine closed in 1962.
Notable residents
One of the more illustrious families to hail from Cockfield was the Martindale family.
• George Dixon (1731–1785) George Dixon was someone who owned coal mines and was a keen inventor, he was probably the first to use coal gas for illumination.[1] George Dixon died in Cockfield on 29 September 1785 at the age of 53
• Jeremiah Dixon (1733–1779) the brother of George Dixon, Jeremiah Dixon was an astronomer, went to America with Charles Mason in 1763 to survey the boundaries of Maryland and Pennsylvania thereby creating the 'Mason–Dixon line'. Jeremiah Dixon died unmarried in Cockfield on 22 January 1779 at the age of 45
Local amenities
Public houses
There are three public houses in the village, the Queen's Head, the King's Head, and the Cockfield Working Men's Club.
Stores
There are three stores in the village of Cockfield, a Co-operative, newsagents, and also a general store, which incorporates as coffee shop. The village also has a Pharmacy, which also contains the Post Office.
Schools
The local primary school is Cockfield County Primary School.
Churches
The two churches that can be found in Cockfield are the CofE Church of Saint Mary the Virgin and the Cockfield Methodist Church.
Transport
Whilst Cockfield once had a railway, this was closed to passengers in 1958, before its complete closure in 1962.[2]Шаблон:Circular reference It is now served by bus services from Arriva North East and Scarlet Band with links to Darlington, Bishop Auckland, Barnard Castle, Durham (number 6) and the retail park at Tindale crescent.
Cockfield Fell
Cockfield Fell is described as "one of the most important early industrial landscapes in Britain". In addition to four Iron Age (or Romano-British) settlement enclosures, there is evidence within the landscape of early coal mines (the Bishop of Durham licensed mining here at least as early as 1303), medieval agricultural field patterns, centuries of quarrying activity, a railway line established in the 1830s and several earlier tramways.[3] All together, Cockfield Fell constitutes England's largest Scheduled Ancient Monument, described as 'an incomparable association of field monuments relating to the Iron settlement history and industrial evolution of a northern English County'. One reason for its preservation - unusual for a lowland fell - is that it was not subject to enclosure in the 18th or 19th century, perhaps due to its highly industrialised past.[4]
References
External links
Шаблон:Commons category-inline
Шаблон:Civil parishes in County Durham
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Cockfield Fell railway station
- ↑ Pevsner, Buildings of England: County Durham, Penguin 1983h.
- ↑ Guy & Atkinson, West Durham: the archaeology of industry, Phillimore 2008
