Connemara marble or "Irish green" is a rare variety of green marble from Connemara, Ireland. It is used as a decoration and building material.[1][2] Its colour causes it to often be associated with the Irish identity, and for this reason it has been named the national gemstone of Ireland. It strongly resembles the verd antique, a green serpentinite breccia found in the Mediterranean. It is named after the region in which it is found (including Lissoughter in Recess, County Galway, and in Clifden).[3] The marble was deposited as a limestone mud during the neoproterozoic.[4]
As a marble, the most important mineral components are dolomite and calcite, supplemented with variable amounts of diopside, serpentine, tremolite, forsterite, clinochlore, phlogopite, omphacite and talc. [6][5] The colour is determined by the coloured mineral content, with serpentine responsible for the characteristic green colouration.
Connemara marble differs from the verd antiques in that it is an actual marble, rather than a serpentinitebreccia, despite also having a very high serpentine content.[3]
Uses
Connemara marble is used in souvenirs, jewellery and home decoration. It is not suitable for usage in outside construction as it rapidly loses its colouration due to weathering. It has been quarried since the 1700s, and has been exported throughout Europe and America to make columns, floors and other decorations.[6]
In the Galway quarry, there is a pocket of a rare Connemara marble called Irish Jade. The walls and door frames of the Senate Chamber of the Capitol Building in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania are done in a variety of Irish Jade marble. It was installed in 1901.
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