Английская Википедия:Eduard Isken
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox military person
Eduard Isken (15 April 1918 – 7 January 1997) was a Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. During his career Eduard Isken was credited with 56 aerial victories.
Career
Isken was born on 15 April 1918 in Hagendingen, at the time in the district of Metz in the Bezirk Lothringen (German Lorraine) of the German Empire. Today Hagendingen is Hagondange in north-eastern France.Шаблон:Sfn Isken was posted to the III. Gruppe (3rd group) of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) in mid-1940 where he was assigned to the 7. Staffel (7th squadron).Шаблон:Sfn The Staffel had been newly formed on 9 August 1940 and was placed under the command of Oberleutnant Wolfdieter Huy.Шаблон:Sfn On 7 September, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Neuruppin. Initially, the Gruppe was equipped with both Messerschmitt Bf 109 E aircraft as well as captured French Curtiss P-36 Hawk fighters. The Gruppe flew the P-36 until 29 October.Шаблон:Sfn
On 6 November 1941, Isken's Bf 109 F-4 was hit in oil cooler by anti-aircraft artillery resulting in a forced landing near Belobek.Шаблон:Sfn On 15 January 1942, he made an emergency landing in his Bf 109 F-4 (Werknummer 7138—factory number) at Grammatikowo located near Sovietskyi and was injured in the process.Шаблон:Sfn
Mediterranean Theater
On 23 October 1942, the British Eighth Army launched the Second Battle of El Alamein. Preceding this attack, the Luftwaffe had already planned to replace Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing), which had been fighting in North African theater, with JG 77.Шаблон:Sfn In preparation for this rotation, III. Gruppe of JG 77 was moved to Munich on 19 October where it was equipped with the Bf 109 G-2/trop. On 23 and 24 October, the Gruppe moved to Bari in southern Italy.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe then relocated to Tobruk Airfield on 26 October.Шаблон:Sfn The following day, the Gruppe moved to an airfield at Tanyet-Harun.Шаблон:Sfn
On 11 December, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) 66th Fighter Squadron attacked an Axis forces encampment and intercepted by Luftwaffe Bf 109 fighters and Italian Macchi fighters. In the afternoon, III. Gruppe engaged in combat with Curtiss P-40 Kittyhawk fighters from the Royal Air Force (RAF) No. 112 Squadron. That day, the RAF and USAAF lost or had damaged four P-40 fighters, one of which may have been credited to Isken.Шаблон:Sfn
On 12 August 1944, the USAAF XII Tactical Air Command, supported by elements of the RAF, attacked German radar installations in the area of the French Riviera. Defending against this attack, Isken and Obergefreiter Horst Rippert may have shot down the Supermarine Spitfire fighter MJ442 from the No. 232 Squadron piloted by Lieutenat Geoffrey W. Dibb.Шаблон:Sfn
On 14 January 1945, Isken was presented the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang) at the airfield in Nellingen.Шаблон:Sfn
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Isken was credited with 56 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Obermaier also lists him with 56 aerial victories, 16 on the Eastern Front and 40 on Western Front, including 17 four-engined heavy bombers, claimed in 946 combat missions.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found documentation for more than 44 aerial victory claims, plus two further unconfirmed claims. This number includes more than 19 on the Western Front, including two four-engined heavy bombers, and 25 on the Eastern Front.Шаблон:Sfn
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 9876". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn
Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location |
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941 | |||||||||
1 | 25 July 1941 | 19:40 | I-153Шаблон:Sfn | 8?Шаблон:Refn | 26 September 1941 | Шаблон:Center | MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn | ||
2 | 25 July 1941 | 19:44 | I-153 | PQ 9876Шаблон:Sfn | 9?[Note 1] | 26 September 1941 | Шаблон:Center | MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn | |
3 | 29 August 1941 | 07:03 | DB-3 | PQ 3756Шаблон:Sfn | 10 | 30 September 1941 | 10:25 | MiG-3 | PQ 4619Шаблон:Sfn |
4 | 4 September 1941 | 05:55 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 11 | 30 September 1941 | 10:35 | R-ZШаблон:Sfn?Шаблон:Refn | ||
5 | 4 September 1941 | 16:55 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 12 | 5 October 1941 | 08:10 | I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
6 | 20 September 1941 | 07:45 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 13 | 15 October 1941 | 09:35 | I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
7 | 23 September 1941 | 17:35 | MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn | 14 | 6 November 1941 | 07:20 | LaGG-3 | PQ 3541Шаблон:Sfn | |
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 15 January 1942 | |||||||||
15 | 4 January 1942 | 10:35 | I-153Шаблон:Sfn | 17 | 6 January 1942 | 12:35 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | ||
16?[Note 1] | 5 January 1942 | 11:35 | I-153 | PQ 5678Шаблон:Sfn | |||||
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 1 May – June 1942 | |||||||||
18 | 12 May 1942 | 17:03 | I-16 | PQ 6025Шаблон:Sfn | 21 | 5 June 1942 | 04:15 | MiG-1Шаблон:Sfn | |
19 | 18 May 1942 | 05:20 | I-180 (Yak-7)Шаблон:Sfn | 22 | 6 June 1942 | 12:58 | Il-2 | PQ 3544Шаблон:Sfn | |
20 | 19 May 1942 | 15:25 | U-2Шаблон:Sfn | 23 | 18 June 1942 | 15:17 | LaGG-3Шаблон:Sfn | ||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — July 1942 | |||||||||
24 | 5 July 1942 | 17:20 | Yak-1 | PQ 66873Шаблон:Sfn | ?Шаблон:Refn | 23 July 1942 | 13:45 | Yak-1 | |
?[Note 2] | 5 July 1942 | 17:22 | Yak-1 | ?[Note 2] | 24 July 1942 | 14:40 | R-Z | ||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, North Africa — 26 October – 31 December 1942 | |||||||||
25 | 4 November 1942 | 06:00 | Hurricane | Sanyet Quotaifiya airfieldШаблон:Sfn | 27?[Note 1] | 11 December 1942 | Шаблон:Center | P-40Шаблон:Sfn | |
26 | 4 November 1942 | 06:01 | Hurricane | Шаблон:Convert north of Sanyet QuotaifiyaШаблон:Sfn | |||||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, North Africa — 1 January – May 1943 | |||||||||
30 | 31 January 1943 | 12:44 | P-38 | PQ 03 Ost 94164, west of El HamaШаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center | 19 April 1943 | Шаблон:Center | SpitfireШаблон:Sfn | |
31 | 3 February 1943 | 16:47 | P-40 | PQ 03 Ost 86874, ThelepteШаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center | 25 April 1943 | Шаблон:Center | P-40Шаблон:Sfn | |
32 | 4 April 1943 | 13:55 | Spitfire | PQ 13 Ost 06752, Bou ThadiШаблон:Sfn | |||||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, Italy — June – 25 October 1943 | |||||||||
33 | 24 June 1943 | 09:55 | P-38 | PQ 04 Ost 81731, west of TresnuraghesШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Lecce |
34 | 24 June 1943 | 10:02 | P-38 | PQ 04 Ost 8175, northwest of OristanoШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Lecce |
– 2. Staffel of Jagdgruppe 200 –Шаблон:Sfn Defense against the Invasion in Southern France — 6 June – 31 August 1944 | |||||||||
35 | 15 June 1944 | 12:00 | P-38 | PQ 04 Ost S/DK-5/4, OrangeШаблон:Sfn | 41 | 11 August 1944 | 18:12 | P-47 | PQ 04 Ost S/DL-5Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Cassis |
36 | 12 July 1944 | 10:48 | B-24 | PQ 04 Ost S/CM-3Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Toulon |
42 | 12 August 1944 | 10:30 | Spitfire | PQ 04 Ost S/DN-1/2Шаблон:Sfn northeast of Hyères |
37 | 14 July 1944 | 09:17 | B-17 | PQ 04 Ost S/5678Шаблон:Sfn Valence |
43 | 12 August 1944 | 18:28 | P-47 | PQ 04 Ost S/BM-7Шаблон:Sfn north of Saint-Maximin |
38?[Note 1] | 7 August 1944 | Шаблон:Center | B-25 | PQ 04 Ost S/AKШаблон:Sfn | 44 | 14 August 1944 | 10:23 | P-51 | PQ 04 Ost S/CM-6/8Шаблон:Sfn north of Saint-Maximin |
39?[Note 1] | 8 August 1944 | Шаблон:Center | P-47 | PQ 04 Ost S/BJ-2Шаблон:Sfn | 45?[Note 1] | 15 August 1944 | 07:31 | P-38 | PQ 04 Ost S/BN-4, north of ToulonШаблон:Sfn |
40?[Note 1] | 8 August 1944 | Шаблон:Center | P-47 | PQ 04 Ost S/BJ/CJШаблон:Sfn | |||||
– 13. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 –Шаблон:Sfn Defense of the Reich and on the Western Front — 21 July – 31 December 1944 | |||||||||
46 | 29 October 1944 | 11:45 | P-51 | PQ 05 Ost US-7Шаблон:Sfn northeast of Karlsruhe |
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According to Prien, Balke, Stemmer and Bock, pilots of IV. Gruppe of JG 53 claimed three Republic P-47 Thunderbolt fighters shot down near Donaueschingen on 22 December 1944. Two of these P-47 fighters may be the two missing aerial victories claimed by Isken.Шаблон:Sfn These claims are not documented by Mathews and Foreman.Шаблон:Sfn | |||||||||
49 | 24 December 1944 | 13:00 | B-26Шаблон:Sfn | ||||||
– 13. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 –Шаблон:Sfn Operation Bodenplatte — 1 January 1945 | |||||||||
50 | 1 January 1945 | Шаблон:Center | AusterШаблон:Sfn | ||||||
– 13. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 – Claims without a location and date in 1945 | |||||||||
According to Prien, Isken claimed five aerial victories in March 1945, among them two Republic P-47 Thunderbolt fighters on one day. In April 1945, Isken claimed his 56th aerial victory over a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bomber.Шаблон:Sfn These claims are not documented by Mathews and Foreman.Шаблон:Sfn |
Awards
- Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 26 July 1943 as Oberfeldwebel and pilotШаблон:Sfn
- German Cross in Gold on 28 April 1943 as Oberfeldwebel in the 8./Jagdgeschwader 77Шаблон:Sfn
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 14 January 1945 as Oberfeldwebel and pilot in the 13./Jagdgeschwader 53Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Notes
References
Citations
Bibliography
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