Английская Википедия:Falam language
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox language
Falam Chin (also known as Lai) is a Kuki-Chin language in Falam Township, Chin State, Myanmar, and also in Mizoram, India.Шаблон:Citation needed lead
Falam Chin is closely related to most Central Chin languages, especially Hakha Chin.[1] The Falam people are primarily Christian and have translated the Bible into Falam Chin.
Dialects
Ethnologue lists the following dialects of Falam:
- Tlaisun (Shunkla, Sunkhla, Taishon, Tashom, Tashon)
- Laizo (Laiso, Laizao, Laizo-Shimhrin)
- Zahao (Lyen-Lyem, JaHau Yahow, Zahau, Zahau-Shimhrin, Za-How)
- Sim
Falam takes its name from a village, founded by the Tlaisun (in English, Шаблон:Gloss) tribe, and Tashon was the original language spoken in Falam. Falam grew in population from the surrounding tribes from Sunthla (also Шаблон:Gloss), Sim and Zahau (also Шаблон:Gloss) that created a new language based on these three tribes, very different from the Tlaisun language. This language was later popularly known as Laizo. Laizo was recorded as the first language used in the official radio broadcasting dialect of Chin in Myanmar (Burma). In order to be inclusive in Laizo, the name was later changed to Falam, although its official name is still Laizo.Шаблон:Cn
Rupini and Koloi are also quite different.[2] The Chorei and Zanniat dialects (collectively known as Baro Halam) may be considered separate languages.[3] Tapong has lower intelligibility with other Falam Chin dialects, having 75% lexical similarity with Zanniat.[3] Dialects once misleadingly called Southern Luhupa are actually Northern Kuki-Chin, and evidently Falam.[4]
Ethnologue reported the following speaker populations of Falam dialects in 1983: 9,000 Taisun, 16,000 Zanniat, 7,000 Khualsim, 4,000 Lente, 14,400 Zahau, 18,600 Laizo.Шаблон:Cn
Phonology
The Falam language has five spoken vowels, but in writing, six are used. Of the five spoken, three of them, /u/, /a/, and /ɔ/ are spoke from the back of the mouth, /i/ is spoken from the top of the mouth, and /e/ is spoken from the middle. /ɔ/ can be pronounced as aw or o.[5]
Writing system
Falam Chin is written using the Latin script, with the exception of the letters Q, Y, J and X. The consonants ṭ (t with dot), ng (Guttural sound), and aw vowel (IPA [[[:Шаблон:IPA]]] or [[[:Шаблон:IPA]]]) are frequently used in both Chin literature and speaking.
This is a sample of written Falam Chin:
References
Further reading
- Dum, James Qial; Van Kyi; S Hrang Kap Hnin (eds). 2009. Mirang—Lai (Falam) dictionary / Mirang Ca Zirpawl hrang. Lailun Foundation.
- Bibles International. 2009. Falam primer. Bibles International: The Bible Society of Baptist Mid-Missions. Шаблон:ISBN
- Bibles International. 2008. Falam writers' handbook. Bibles International: The Bible Society of Baptist Mid-Missions. Шаблон:ISBN
- Bibles International. 2009. Chin Cangantui Kutkaih / Chin Writers' Handbook - Falam. Bibles International: The Bible Society of Baptist Mid-Missions. Шаблон:ISBN
Шаблон:Sino-Tibetan languages Шаблон:Kuki-Chin–Naga languages Шаблон:Languages of Burma Шаблон:Languages of Northeast India
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокe18не указан текст - ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Linguasphere code 73-DDD-bp
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
