Английская Википедия:French ironclad Belliqueuse
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsThe French ironclad Belliqueuse ("Bellicose") was a wooden-hulled, armored corvette, built for the French Navy in the 1860s and designed as a cheap ironclad. She was the first French ironclad to sail around the world, which she did between December 1867 and May 1869. She spent the bulk of her career in the Pacific before returning to Toulon, where she was used as a target in 1886.
Design and description
Belliqueuse was designed as a small and cheap ironclad[Note 1] suitable for foreign deployments. Her armament and armor was concentrated in the middle of the ship like a central battery ironclad, but unlike those ships she lacked armored transverse bulkheads and was very vulnerable to raking fire. Like most ironclads of her era she was equipped with a bronze ram; hers weighed Шаблон:Convert.[1]
Belliqueuse measured Шаблон:Convert at the waterline and Шаблон:Convert between perpendiculars, with a beam of Шаблон:Convert. She had a draft of Шаблон:Convert and displaced Шаблон:Convert.[2]
Propulsion
The ship had a single horizontal return connecting-rod steam engine driving a single propeller. Her engine was powered by four oval boilers. The engine produced a total of Шаблон:Convert and gave a top speed of Шаблон:Convert.[3] On sea trials the engine produced Шаблон:Convert and the ship reached Шаблон:Convert.[2] Belliqueuse carried Шаблон:Convert[3] of coal which allowed the ship to steam for Шаблон:Convert at a speed of Шаблон:Convert.[2]
Belliqueuse was barque-rigged; initially she had a sail area of Шаблон:Convert, but this was later increased to Шаблон:Convert[3] in 1869.[2]
Armament
Belliqueuse mounted her four Шаблон:Convert Modèle 1864 guns in the central battery on the battery deck along with four of her six Шаблон:Convert Modèle 1864 guns. The other two 164 mm guns were carried on pivot mounts fore and aft on the upper deck. She was partially rearmed in 1870 and exchanged her 164 mm pivot guns for a pair of Шаблон:Convert Modèle 1870 guns. In addition four Шаблон:Convert Hotchkiss 5-barrel revolving guns each were added.[3] They fired a shell weighing about Шаблон:Convert at a muzzle velocity of about Шаблон:Convert to a range of about Шаблон:Convert. They had a rate of fire of about 30 rounds per minute.[4]
Armor
Belliqueuse was completely armored with Шаблон:Convert of wrought iron from the battery deck down to Шаблон:Convert below the waterline. The sides of the battery itself were protected with Шаблон:Convert of armor, but the ends were closed only by light screens. Fore and aft of the battery, her sides were unprotected.[2]
Service
Belliqueuse was laid down at Toulon in September 1863, and launched on 6 September 1865. The ship began her sea trials on 30 December 1865, but did not enter service until 30 October 1866. That day she was commissioned as the flagship of the Pacific Station under command of Шаблон:Lang (Rear Admiral) Jérôme-Hyacinthe Penhoat. On 22 December 1867, the ship departed Toulon in an attempt to circumnavigate the world. Belliqueuse arrived at Brest on 26 May 1869 after 396 days at sea,[2] the first French ironclad to do so.[5] On 15 November 1869 she hoisted the flag of Rear Admiral Chevalier as commander of the Levant Squadron. During 1870 she was transferred to New Caledonia as flagship of the Western Pacific Division (Шаблон:Lang), but returned to Toulon on 5 June 1871 after Chevalier's death. In 1872 the ship was sent to the China Station and relieved the Шаблон:Ship as flagship of the station on 1 October 1872. She returned to Toulon on 3 May 1874.[6]
Belliqueuse served with the Squadron of Evolutions (Escadre d'évolution) for six months from 5 June 1877 and was reduced to reserve afterwards. She was paid off on 15 November 1884 and struck off the navy list on 3 May 1886. Belliqueuse was then used as a target in experiments with high capacity shells.[Note 2][5][7] Belliqueuse was sold at Toulon for demolition in 1889.[7]
Notes
Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Reflist
Footnotes
References
Шаблон:French ironclads Шаблон:1886 shipwrecks
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