Английская Википедия:Galata Tower

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox building The Galata Tower (Шаблон:Lang-tr), officially the Galata Tower Museum (Шаблон:Lang-tr), is an old Genoese tower in the Galata part of the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey. Built as a watchtower at the highest point of the (lost) Walls of Galata,[1] the tower is now an exhibition space and museum, and a symbol of Beyoğlu and Istanbul.

History

During the Byzantine period the Emperor Justinian had a tower erected in what was to become Galata. This tower was destroyed by the Crusaders during the Sack of Constantinople in 1204.

In 1267 a Genoese colony was established in the Galata part of Constantinople. It was surrounded by walls and the Galata Tower was first built at their highest point as the Christea Turris (Tower of Christ) in Romanesque style[2][3] in 1348 during an expansion of the colony. At the time the Galata Tower, at Шаблон:Cvt, was the tallest building in the city.[4]

After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the Genoese colony was abolished and most of the walls of the citadel were later pulled down in the 19th century, during the northward expansion of the city in the districts of Beyoğlu and Beşiktaş; though small parts of the Genoese walls in Galata have survived.[5][6][7] The tower was allowed to survive and was turned into a prison. It was from its roof that, in 1638, Hezarfen Ahmed Çelebi supposedly strapped on wings and made the first intercontinental flight, landing in the Doğancılar Meydanı in Üsküdar on the Asian side of the city, a story of doubtful authenticity recounted by the Ottoman travel writer, Evliya Çelebi.

From 1717, the Ottomans used the tower to look out for fires (on the Old Istanbul side of the city the Beyazıt Tower served the same function). In 1794, during the reign of Sultan Selim III, the roof was reinforced in lead and wood, but the stairs were severely damaged by a fire. Another fire damaged the building in 1831, after which further restoration work took place.

In 1875, the tower's conical roof was destroyed during a storm.[8][9] It remained without this roof for the rest of the Ottoman period but, many years later, during restoration work between 1965 and 1967, the conical roof was reconstructed.[8][9] At the same time the tower's wooden interior was replaced with a concrete structure and it was opened to the public.[10][11]

In 2020 the Tower was splendidly restored then reopened as a museum now open for the public and the many tourists visiting Istanbul. [12]

It is mainly popular for the 360-degree view of Istanbul visible from its observation deck.

Шаблон:Wide image Шаблон:Wide image

Dimensions

The nine-story tower is Шаблон:Cvt excluding the ornament on the top. The observation deck is at Шаблон:Cvt. The tower is Шаблон:Cvt above sea-level. It has an external diameter of Шаблон:Cvt at the base, an inside diameter of Шаблон:Cvt, and walls that are Шаблон:Cvt thick.

Gallery

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Proximate landmarks of Istanbul Шаблон:Beyoğlu Шаблон:Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey

Партнерские ресурсы
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Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Katie Hallam (2009). The Traveler's Atlas: Europe. London: Barron's Educational Series.(2009), p. 118-119.
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 Galatakulesi.org: "Galata Kulesi: Kısa Tarihçe" Шаблон:Webarchive
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ "Istanbul’s iconic tower reopens after restoration", Hurriyet Daily News, 7 October 2020. (Retrieved 27 November 2022.)
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