Английская Википедия:Garden festival
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Unreferenced section Шаблон:More references
A garden festival is a festival and exposition held to celebrate the arts of gardening, garden design, landscaping and landscape architecture. There are local garden festivals, regional garden festivals, national garden festivals and international garden festivals. The idea probably originated with Germany's Bundesgartenschau. The UK held five garden festivals in the period 1984–1992.
To qualify as an international exhibition, an expo must be recognised by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE), which was established by a diplomatic international convention, signed in Paris, in 1928. Horticultural expos can also be recognised by the International Association of Horticultural Producers (IAHP / AIPH). To qualify as a national exhibition, a garden festival must be recognised by a national government.Шаблон:Clarification needed
Because garden design is becoming more popular and featuring on TV,Шаблон:When there is an ever-growing number of garden festivals: permanent and temporary, official and non-official. One of the best known is International Garden Festival held on a permanent site at Chaumont in France. Despite the name, Chaumont does not come within the BIE definition of an 'international' festival. Other shows feature garden design but describe themselves as 'flower shows'. The best-known example in this category, the Chelsea Flower Show, emphasises garden design. It spun off a Chelsea Fringe events in 2012 which featured a variety of unusual gardens and gardening across London.
List of International Garden Festivals (BIE recognised)
| Country | City | Name | Year | Theme | BIE recognised[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Flag | Ruhr Region from Dortmund to Duisburg | Green Ruhr 2027 | 2027 | Stadt der Städte | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Doha | Qatar Expo 2021[2] | 2023 | Green Desert, Better Environment | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Amsterdam-Almere | Floriade Amsterdam-Almere 2022 | 2022 | Growing Green Cities | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Beijing | Expo 2019 Beijing China | 2019 | Live Green, Live Better | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Antalya | Expo 2016 Antalya | 2016 | Flowers and Children | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Venlo | Floriade 2012 Venlo | 2012 | Be part of the theatre in nature; get closer to the quality of life | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Chiang Mai | International Horticultural Exposition Royal Flora Ratchaphruek 2006 | 2006 | To Express the Love for Humanity | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Rostock | IGA Rostock 2003 – Internationale Gartenbauausstellung 2003 Hansestadt Rostock | 2003 | A Seaside Park. A new flowered world | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Haarlemmermeer | Floriade 2002 | 2002 | The contribution of the Netherlands horticulture and international horticulture in the quality of life in the 21st century | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Kunming | International Horticultural Exhibition Kunming 1999 | 1999 | Man and Nature - Marching into the 21st century | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Stuttgart | IGA Stuttgart 93 – V Internationale Gartenbauausstellung | 1993 | City and Nature - Responsible Approach | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Zoetermeer | Floriade The Hague-Zoetermeer 1992 | 1992 | Horticulture is being involved in a continuous process of renewal in the field of quality, technique, science and management | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Osaka | International Garden and Greenery Exposition, Osaka, Japan 1990 | 1990 | The Harmonious Coexistence of Nature and Mankind | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Liverpool | International Garden Festival Liverpool '84 | 1984 | The progress accomplished by International and National Horticulture | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Munich | IGA 83 München – IV Internationale Gartenbauausstellung | 1983 | International Horticulture | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Amsterdam | Floriade Amsterdam 1982 | 1982 | International Horticulture | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Montreal | Floralies Internationales de Montréal | 1980 | Relationship between man’s socio-cultural activities and his physical environment | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Vienna | WIG 74 – Wiener Internationale Gartenschau 1974 | 1974 | International Horticulture | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Hamburg | Internationale Gartenbauausstellung 73 | 1973 | International Horticulture | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Amsterdam | Floriade Amsterdam 1972 | 1972 | Efforts accomplished by International Horticulture | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Paris | Floralies Internationales Paris 1969 | 1969 | Flowers of France and Flowers of the World | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Vienna | WIG 64 – Wiener Internationale Gartenschau | 1964 | International Horticulture | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Hamburg | IGA 63 – Internationale Gartenbauausstellung Hamburg 1963 | 1963 | Horticulture of all Categories from the Point of View of Economics and Culture | Yes |
| Шаблон:Flag | Rotterdam | Floriade International Horticultural Exhibition 1960 | 1960 | International Horticulture | Yes |
List of other garden festivals
| Country | City | Festival name | Year(s) | Dates | Type | AIPH classification[3] |
BIE recognised[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Flag | Columbus, Ohio | AmeriFlora '92 | 1992 | April 3 – October 12 | International | No | |
| Шаблон:Flag | Dijon | Florissimo | 2005, 2010, 2015 | National | B2 | No | |
| Шаблон:Flag | Festival de Holambra | ExpoFlora[4] | 2005 | National | B2 | No | |
| Шаблон:Flag | Shenyang | International Horticultural Exposition 2006 | 2006 | May 1 – October 31 | International | A2/B1 | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Singapore | Singapore Garden Festival | 2006 and biennially since |
December 16–25 | International | n/a | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Pyin Oo Lwin | National Kandawgyi Gardens | 2005–2017 | December | National | N/A | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Dijon | Florissimo | 2010 | March 11–21 | National | No | |
| Шаблон:Flag | Taipei | Taipei International Flora Exposition | 2010–2011 | November 6 – April 25 | International | A2/B1 | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Melbourne | Melbourne International Flower and Garden Show | 1995— | March 30 – April 3 | International | n/a | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Xi'an | International Horticultural Exposition 2011 | 2011 | April 22 – October 28 | International | A2/B1 | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Suncheon | Suncheon International Garden Expo(Korea) | 2013 | April 20 – October 20 | International | A2/B1 | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Jinzhou | International Horticultural Exposition 2013 | 2013 | May 10 – October 31 | International | A2/B1 | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Qingdao | Qingdao International Horticultural Exposition 2014 | 2014 | April 25 – October 25 | International | A2/B1 | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Dijon | Florissimo | 2015 | March | National | No | |
| Шаблон:Flag | Tangshan | Tangshan International Horticultural Exposition 2016 | 2016 | May – Oct | International | A2/B1 | No[5] |
| Шаблон:Flag | Taichung | 2018 Taichung World Flora Exposition | 2018 | Nov. 3, 2018-Apr. 24, 2019 | International | A2/B1 | No |
| Шаблон:Flag | Canberra | Floriade, Canberra | 1988— | September 16 — October 15, 2023 | National | No | |
| Шаблон:Flag | Yangzhou | Yangzhou International Horticultural Exposition 2021 | 2021 | April 8 – October 8 | International | A2/B1 | No |
References
- Andrew C. Theokas Grounds for Review: The Garden Festival in Urban Planning and Design (Liverpool University Press, 2004 Шаблон:ISBN)
External links
