Английская Википедия:Governorates of Iraq
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox subdivision type
Шаблон:Politics of Iraq Iraq consists of 18 recognized governorates (Шаблон:Lang-ar; Шаблон:Lang-ckb), also known as "provinces" and 1 partially recognized governorate (Halabja). Per the Iraqi constitution, governorates can form an autonomous region.[1] Four governorates, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Halabja and Duhok, constitute the autonomous Kurdistan Region. Baghdad (which is the most populous) and Basra are the oldest governorates. The second most-populous one, Ninawa (or Nineveh) is in the upland region and has a cooler climate of the north-west.
There have been numerous calls to recognize Halabja Governorate since 1999.[2] It was recognized as an official governorate of the Kurdistan Region in 2014,[3][2] and the Council of Ministers approved a bill twice in 2013,[4][5] and 2023.[6] However, the only legislature in Iraq that can implement new governorates is the Council of Representatives of Iraq, which has had delayed hearings regarding Halabja numerous times.[7][8][9][10]
Throughout early 2014, the Council of Ministers of Iraq approved proposals to add the three newly proposed governorates:[11]
- Tal Afar, from part of Ninawa Governorate
- Tuz Khurmatu, from part of Saladin Governorate[12]
- Nineveh Plains from the Ninawa Governorate.[13]
- Halabja from Sulaymaniah Governorate[14]
In 2013, activists and political parties called for the conversion of Hawija from a province into a governorate, but the Kirkuk government blocked the proposal.[15]
Shortly after the approval of the proposals, the Islamic State attacked the cities, towns and villages of the Nineveh Plains. Upon the eventual withdrawal of ISIS, the initial decision by the Council of Ministers was dishonored by Kurdistan, Baghdad and Iranian-connected political entities, as they began pushing security forces into different parts of the Nineveh Plains to try and lay claim to different parts of the territory, asserting that the demographics had changed due to ISIS and that the original inhabitants could no longer be representatives of their indigenous land.[16] Part of the reason for the demographic shift was that squatters were encouraged to occupy Christian homes. Without enough paperwork to prove ownership, some of those homes became extremely challenging to reclaim. Initiatives are underway to help reclaim families' homes.[17]
Another proposal exists to add a 19th governorate: Fallujah, from part of the Al Anbar.[11] This largely did not occur due to the ISIS insurgency. Following the defeat of ISIS in the Battle of Fallujah (2016), the proposal may resurface or Al-Anbar may remain undivided.
Governorates
Governorate | Postal code |
ISO code |
Total area in miles2 |
Total area in km2 |
Population 1 July 2018[18] |
Population Density in miles |
Population Density in km |
Capital |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Al-Anbar | 31 | AN | 53,476 | 138,501 | 1,771,656 | 29.1 | 11.2 | Ramadi |
Babil | 51 | BB | 1,976 | 5,603 | 2,065,042 | 921.4 | 324.9 | Hillah |
Baghdad | 10 | BG | 204.2 | 529 | 8,126,755 | 4,620.09 | 1,548.8 | Baghdad |
Basra | 61 | BA | 7,360 | 19,070 | 2,908,491 | 344.0 | 132.7 | Basra |
Dhi Qar | 64 | DQ | 5,000 | 12,900 | 2,095,172 | 367.2 | 142.3 | Nasiriyah |
Al-Qādisiyyah | 58 | QA | 3,148 | 8,153 | 1,291,048 | 360.3 | 139.1 | Al Diwaniyah |
Diyala | 32 | DI | 6,828 | 17,685 | 1,637,226 | 211.3 | 81.6 | Baqubah |
Duhok (Dahūk) (IKR) a.k.a. Dihok | 42 | DA | 2,530 | 6,553 | 1,292,535 | 445.5 | 172.2 | Dihok |
Erbil (IKR) a.k.a. Hewlêr | 44 | AR | 5,820 | 15,074 | 1,854,778 | 277.0 | 106.9 | Hewlêr |
Karbala | 56 | KA | 1,944 | 5,034 | 1,218,732 | 548.6 | 211.8 | Karbala |
Kirkuk | 36 | KI | 3,737 | 9,679 | 1,597,876 | 373.4 | 144.1 | Kerkûk |
Maysan | 62 | MA | 6,205 | 16,072 | 1,112,673 | 156.5 | 60.4 | Amarah |
Muthanna | 66 | MU | 19,980 | 51,740 | 814,371 | 35.9 | 13.8 | Samawah |
Najaf | 54 | NA | 11,129 | 28,824 | 1,471,592 | 115.5 | 44.5 | Najaf |
Ninawa | 41 | NI | 14,410 | 37,323 | 3,729,998 | 226.9 | 87.6 | Mosul |
Salah Al-Din | 34 | SD | 9,556 | 24,751 | 1,595,235 | 147.3 | 56.8 | Tikrit |
Sulaymaniyah (IKR) (With Halabja) a.k.a. Silêmanî | 46 | SU | 6,573 | 17,023 | 2,053,305 | 285.8 | 110.3 | Silêmanî |
Wasit | 52 | WA | 6,623 | 17,153 | 1,378,723 | 182.7 | 70.5 | Kut |
Former governorates
Governorate | Today part of |
---|---|
Mosul | Ninawa Governorate Duhok Governorate |
Diwaniya | Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate Muthanna Governorate Najaf Governorate |
Dulaim (−1962) Ramadi (1962–1976) |
Al Anbar Governorate |
Muntafiq (−1976) | Dhi Qar Governorate |
Amara (−1976) | Maysan Governorate |
Kut (−1976) | Wasit Governorate |
Baghdad | Baghdad Governorate Saladin Governorate |
Kirkuk (−1976) At-Ta'mim (1976–2006) |
Kirkuk Governorate |
Kuwait Governorate
(Military occupation between 1990 and 1991) |
State of Kuwait |
Flags
See also
- Districts of Iraq
- ISO 3166-2:IQ
- List of Governorates of Iraq by Human Development Index
- List of places in Iraq
References
Шаблон:Iraq topics Шаблон:Provinces of Iraq Шаблон:Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries
bg:Административно деление на Ирак pl:Podział administracyjny Iraku ru:Административное деление Ирака
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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