Английская Википедия:Hajji
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Other uses
Hajji (Шаблон:Lang-ar; sometimes spelled Hadji, Haji, Alhaji, Al-Hadj, Al-Haj or El-Hajj) is an honorific title which is given to a Muslim person who has successfully completed the Hajj to Mecca.
Stemming from the same origin is the term Hadži, used by Orthodox Christians in some Balkan countries, which denotes people who have gone on pilgrimage to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.
Etymology
Hajji is derived from the Arabic Шаблон:Transl, which is the active participle of the verb Шаблон:Transl ("to make the pilgrimage"). The alternative form Шаблон:Transl is derived from the name of the Hajj with the adjectival suffix -ī, and this was the form adopted by non-Arabic languages.Шаблон:Cn
Use
Hajji and its variant spellings are used as honorific titles for Muslims who have successfully completed the Hajj to Mecca.[1]
In Arab countries, Шаблон:Transl and Шаблон:Transl (pronunciation varies by Arabic dialect) is a commonly used manner of addressing any older person respectfully, regardless of whether or not the person in question has actually performed the pilgrimage. It is often used to refer to an elder, since it can take years to accumulate the wealth to fund the travel (particularly before commercial air travel), and in many Muslim societies to a respected man as an honorific title. The title is prefixed to a person's name; for example, Saif Gani becomes "Hajji Saif Gani".Шаблон:Cn
In Malay-speaking countries, Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang are titles given to Muslim males and females respectively who have performed the pilgrimage. These are abbreviated as Hj. and Hjh.Шаблон:Cn
In Iran, the honorific title Haj (Шаблон:Lang) is sometimes used for IRGC commanders, instead of the title Sardar ("General"), such as for Qasem Soleimani.Шаблон:Cn
Other religions
The term was borrowed in Balkan Christian countries formerly under Ottoman rule (Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Romania), and are used for Christians who have travelled to Jerusalem and the Holy Lands.[2] In some areas the title has been fossilised as a family name, for example in the surnames common among Bosniaks such as Hadžić, Hadžiosmanović ("son of Hajji Osman") etc.Шаблон:Cn
In Cyprus, the title is so prevalent that it has also been permanently integrated into some Greek Christian surnames, such as Hajiioannou. This is due to Cyprus' long history of Christian and Muslim influence.Шаблон:Cn
The title has also been used in some Jewish communities to honor those who made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem or other holy sites in Israel.[3]Шаблон:Failed verification
Ethnic slur
In the 21st century, American soldiers began using the term Haji as slang for Iraqis, Afghans, or Arab people in general. It is used in the way "gook" or "Charlie" was used by U.S military personnel during the Vietnam War.[4][5][6][7]
See also
- Hatzi, a Greek surname prefix, stemming from the same origin
- Islam
- Pilgrimage
References
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Learning to 'embrace the suck' in Iraq Los Angeles Times, 28 January 2007
- ↑ Slang from Operation Iraqi Freedom globalsecurity.org
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
