Английская Википедия:Hayashi Utako
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox person Шаблон:Family name hatnote Шаблон:Nihongo was a Japanese educator and social worker. As head of the Osaka branch of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, she led campaigns against businesses serving alcohol in 1909, 1912, and 1916. She was also active in the international woman's peace movement.
Early life
Hayashi was born in Ōno, Fukui, daughter of a samurai.[1] She trained as a teacher and converted to Christianity in 1887,[2] influenced by the preaching of Tokyo's Anglican bishop, Channing Moore Williams.[3][4][5]
Career
Schools
Hayashi taught at the Episcopal Girls' School of Tokyo as a young woman. She also taught Japanese to foreign missionaries.[2] She became head of the Osaka Hakuaisha Orphanage from 1896,[6] famous for her self-sacrifice in supplying the children of the orphanage with food.[7]
Temperance
Hayashi was president of the Osaka branch of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) from its founding in 1899.[8] In 1907 she opened the Osaka Women's Home, to house working women in the city.[9] She led campaigns against alcohol and prostitution in the Osaka's Sonezaki district in 1909,[10] with further campaigns in 1912 and 1916.[3] In 1922 she and Kubushiro Ochimi attended the World WCTU convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[11] "Next to Mrs. Yajima, the greatest woman in the anti-vice movement is Miss Utako Hayashi," explained an American writer in 1923.[8] Another American visitor called her the "Frances Willard of Japan."[12]
Peace
Hayashi attended the fifth Conference on the Cause and Cure of War, held in Washington D.C. in January 1930, and the London Naval Conference the following month, in the delegation led by Yajima Kajiko. She and Tsuneko Gauntlett presented a petition to British prime minister Ramsay MacDonald, on behalf of the Women's Peace Association of Japan.[11] "We must not only become mothers who care for our own children", she said, "but also become mothers who care for children of the world, wives, older and younger sisters. And we have to recognize that the second restoration must be carried out by women".[13]
As late as 1945, she was listed as president of the Japan WCTU, and of the Japan Christian Women's League.[14]
Personal life
Hayashi was married and divorced when she was a young woman.[1][2] Kanno Sugako described Hayashi as her "spiritual mother".[2] Hayashi died in 1946, aged 81 years, at a care home in Osaka.[4][5]
References
Шаблон:Subject bar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 George Gleason, "Can Japanese Be Christians? Stories of Twice-Born Men and Women of Japan" Missionary Review of the World (May 1921): 379-381.
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 11,0 11,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Utako Hayashi, "Kokai-jo: Gunshuku Kaigi kara Kaette (Open Letter: Coming Back from the Disarmament Congress)," Yomiuri Shimbun (1 May 1930): 5; Included in How Did Japanese Women Peace Activists Interact with European Women as they Negotiated between Nationalism and Transnational Peace Activism to Promote Peace, 1915-1935?, Documents selected and interpreted by Taeko Shibahara. (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street Press, 2011).
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- Английская Википедия
- 1865 births
- 1946 deaths
- People from Fukui Prefecture
- Japanese Anglicans
- Japanese educators
- Japanese social workers
- Japanese temperance activists
- Converts to Christianity
- 20th-century Japanese women educators
- 20th-century Japanese educators
- 19th-century Japanese women educators
- 19th-century Japanese educators
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