Английская Википедия:Hortus deliciarum

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Файл:Hortus Deliciarum, Die Philosophie mit den sieben freien Künsten.JPG

Philosophia et septem artes liberales (Philosophy and the Seven Liberal Arts), as illustrated in the Шаблон:Lang. (Description of the illumination)

Файл:Hortus Deliciarum - Hell.jpg

Hell, as illustrated in the Шаблон:Lang.

The Шаблон:Lang (Latin for Garden of Delights) was a medieval manuscript compiled by Herrad of Landsberg at the Hohenburg Abbey in Alsace, better known today as Mont Sainte-Odile.

Description

The Шаблон:Lang is one of the first sources of polyphony originating from a convent. The manuscript contained at least 20 song texts, all of which were originally notated with music. Those that can be recognized now are from the conductus repertory, and are mainly note against note in texture. The notation was in semi-quadratic neumes with pairs of four-line staves.Шаблон:Sfn Two songs survive with music intact: Primus parens hominum, a monophonic song, and a two-part work, Sol oritur occasus.Шаблон:Sfn

History and content

It was an illuminated encyclopedia, begun in 1167 as a pedagogical tool for young novices at the convent. It is the first encyclopedia that was evidently written by a woman. It was finished in 1185, and was one of the most celebrated illuminated manuscripts of the period.Шаблон:Sfn The majority of the work is in Latin, with glosses in German.

Most of the manuscript was not original, but a compendium of 12th-century knowledge. The manuscript contained poems, illustrations, and music, and drew from texts by classical and Arab writers.Шаблон:Sfn Interspersed with writings from other sources were poems by Herrad, addressed to the nuns, almost all of which were set to music.Шаблон:Sfn The most famous portion of the manuscript is its 336 illustrations, which depicted theological, philosophical, and literary themes amongst others. These works are well regarded.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1870, the manuscript was burnt and destroyed when the library at Temple Neuf in Strasbourg was bombarded during the German Siege of Strasbourg. It is possible to reconstruct parts of the manuscript because portions of it had been copied in various sources; Christian Maurice Engelhardt copied the miniatures in 1818, and the text was copied and published by Straub and Keller between 1879 and 1899.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

References

Sources

• Шаблон:Citation
• Шаблон:Cite CE1913
• Шаблон:Cite book

Further reading

• Rosalie Green, Michael Evans, Christine Bischoff, and Michael Curschmann(ed.) (1979) The Hortus Deliciarum of Herrad of Hohenbourg (Landsberg, 1176-96): A Reconstruction. Warburg Institute/E.J. Brill
• Fiona J. Griffiths (2007) The Garden of Delights: Reform and Renaissance for Women in the Twelfth Century. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

External links

• Folio selections in online catalog Oberlin college (folios 322v, 323r, Seven Liberal Arts - 32r, Genealogy of Christ - 80v, Leviathan- 84r, Psycomachia Vices - 200v, Psycomachia Virtues - 201r, Avarice - 203v, Mercy/Charity - 204r, Ladder of Virtues - 216r)
• Шаблон:In lang 12 plates taken from the 1818 Engelhardt facsimile formerly online at Museum of Alsace (Web Archive copy retrieved 10-28-2012)