Английская Википедия:Hung Hom station

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Hung Hom (Шаблон:Zh) is a passenger[1] railway station in Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is an interchange station between the Шаблон:Lnl and the Шаблон:Lnl domestic services of the MTR network, as well as the southern terminus of cross-border through-trains to mainland China which has been suspended since 4 February 2020. The station is one of four Hong Kong ports of entry on the MTR network; the others are Lo Wu, Lok Ma Chau, and West Kowloon. This station serves the southern terminus of the East Rail Line in early morning before the first northbound train from Admiralty arrives. As the station is located next to the Cross-Harbour Tunnel's northern portal, it is also served by many cross-harbour bus routes.

Opened as the new southern terminus of the Kowloon–Canton Railway (KCR) on 30 November 1975 by Queen Elizabeth II, The station was substantially expanded in the 1990s, at which time it was given its present name. The KCR British Section was also renamed KCR East Rail in order to differentiate it from the new KCR West Rail, which opened on 20 December 2003 and was extended to Hung Hom station on 16 August 2009.

As part of the Sha Tin to Central Link project, the East Rail line was extended across Victoria Harbour to Admiralty via a new immersed tube tunnel to the south of Hung Hom. The West Rail line was also extended via eastern Kowloon to connect to the former Шаблон:Lnl, with the combined line being renamed "Шаблон:Lnl".

History

Former Hung Hom station

An older station of the same name once existed on Chatham Road South. It was situated on the former coastline of Hung Hom Bay, at the southeastern corner of the Gun Club Hill Barracks (between the current-day Chung Sze Yuen Building A of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and the Hong Kong History Museum).

This old Hung Hom station, a temporary wooden structure, operated from 1 October 1910 (the day the Kowloon–Canton Railway began operation) until 15 September 1921[2] It was later demolished and replaced by this station on 30 November 1975.

Relocation of Kowloon station

Файл:HungHomStation plaoue.JPG
Plaque unveiled by Elizabeth II commemorating the opening of the station.

The Шаблон:Stnlnk in Tsim Sha Tsui began operation in Шаблон:Clarify span After decades of economic growth in Hong Kong, the station, situated at the seafront of Victoria Harbour, became too small and had no room for expansion. A new Kowloon station (the current Hung Hom station), situated to the east, was officially inaugurated by Chief Secretary Denys Roberts on 24 November 1975 as the new southern terminus of the East Rail line. However, it did not start operating until a few days later. The old terminal at Tsim Sha Tsui was closed on 29 November 1975.

The first passenger train pulled out of Hung Hom the following morning at 8:26 am. On 5 May 1975, Queen Elizabeth II unveiled a plaque commemorating the opening of the new terminal.[3]Шаблон:Image requested inline The new station cost HK$150 million and offered modern new facilities including a spacious waiting hall, a restaurant, a bar, a bookstore, a bank, escalators, and closed circuit television. It was built along with a bus terminus and a multi-storey car park.[3]

The controversial demolition of the old station commenced on 7 June 1978;[4] a new complex of a concert hall and museums were built on Kowloon station's original site, but the clock tower was preserved as a Declared Monument.

Through trains to mainland China started running from Hung Hom station on 4 April 1979.

Renaming and expansion

Файл:HungHomstation.jpg
Lobby of Hung Hom station (2006)

The new station was renamed Hung Hom station around February or March 1996.Шаблон:Citation neededШаблон:Why The KCR British Section was renamed KCR East Rail in 1996, and subsequently the Шаблон:Lnl upon the merger of the MTR (metro services) and the Kowloon-Canton Railway (suburban train services) in December 2007.

A HK$1.3 billion expansion of Hung Hom station began on 16 March 1995, which included a new concourse designed by Foster and Partners.[5] The expansion was completed in 1998. The passenger terminal now hosts ticket offices, waiting areas, shops and restaurants.

Файл:Hung Hom station under construction.jpg
Hung Hom station under construction

The construction of the East Rail extension to East Tsim Sha Tsui station began on 20 April 2001.[6] Work was undertaken at Hung Hom station to extend tracks 2 and 3 southward, and to demolish the southern concourse of the station and replace it with a new mid-level concourse. Some structural columns, supporting the Hong Kong Coliseum above, had to be demolished and underpinned to make way for the construction of the tracks. Throughout the works, at least three of the four East Rail platforms had to be kept in operation.[7] The extension was opened on 24 October 2004, turning Hung Hom into an intermediate station for the first time.

On 16 August 2009, East Tsim Sha Tsui was transferred to the West Rail line following the opening of the Kowloon Southern Link, and Hung Hom became the southbound terminus station of both the East Rail and West Rail lines. Platforms 2 and 3 were transferred to the West Rail line, and Platform 1 and 4 became the termination platform of the East Rail line.

As part of the Sha Tin to Central Link project, two new island platforms were constructed under the eastern side of the existing station podium.[8][9] The West Rail line was relocated to its new platforms on 20 June 2021, a week ahead of the full opening of the Tuen Ma line. Temporary walkways were placed across the original West Rail line tracks, now defunct, to connect the East Rail line's platforms.[10][11] On 27 June 2021, the West Rail line was absorbed into the Tuen Ma line.

The Шаблон:Lnl moved to the new underground platforms beneath the Tuen Ma line platforms on 15 May 2022, upon the opening of the line's extension to Шаблон:STN. The last train departed from the old platforms at 00:28 on 15 May 2022, and the original East Rail, West Rail line and through train platforms were permanently closed to passengers thereafter. Hung Hom is now an intermediate station on both the East Rail and Tuen Ma lines.

On 25 October 2023, it was announced that the MTR Corporation would be invited by the government of Hong Kong to conduct a preliminary study and submit proposals in 2024 for the redevelopment of an approximately 10-hectare area centred on the station.[12][13]

Cross-border services

Platforms 5 and 6 were used by China Railway for cross-border trains to Шаблон:Stnlnk (Beijing–Kowloon line), Шаблон:Stnlnk (Shanghai–Kowloon line), Шаблон:Stnlnk and Foshan (Guangzhou–Kowloon line).

Шаблон:Clear left

Sha Tin to Central Link expansion

Шаблон:Seealso

Background

Under the North South Corridor concept, the Шаблон:Lnl was extended to Hong Kong Island via a new immersed tube tunnel south of the station. At the same time, the Шаблон:Lnl was connected with the Шаблон:Lnl via East Kowloon, forming the new Шаблон:Lnl.

To facilitate this expansion, new platforms were built underneath the Hung Hom station Exit C concourse. The Tuen Ma line platforms sit above the East Rail line platforms.[14] New approach tracks have also been built north and south of the station.

Construction safety scandal

In 2018, a major scandal emerged regarding construction malpractice at the Hung Hom station construction site. In 2015, contractors building the concrete slab forming the Tuen Ma line platform level reportedly cut off the ends of reinforcing bars that were supposed to be screwed into couplers within the diaphragm wall forming the side of the underground station box. The contractor then poured the concrete even though the bars were not connected to the couplers. As a result, engineers have cast doubt on the long-term structural safety of the slab.[15]

The government has demanded that MTR Corporation submit a report on the safety of the station. An independent engineer, C M Wong & Associates Ltd., will conduct safety tests.[16] On 12 June 2018, Chief Executive Carrie Lam announced that she will appoint a commission on inquiry, headed by Hong Kong judge Michael Hartmann, to investigate the scandal.[17]

Station layout

5 Podium Station Carpark
U3 Loft Restaurants
C/U2/3 Intercity Through
Train Concourse/
Main Station Concourse 		Exit C, a transport interchange
ticketing office, Customer Service Centre, toilets, Hong Kong Immigration Department
and Customs and Excise Department checkpoints (for intercity train passengers)
MTRShops, vending machines
ATMs, lockers
U1/2 Passageway Exit A, B & D, footbridge, public transport interchange
Vending machines
Footbridges to Cross-Harbour Tunnel, Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Tsim Sha Tsui East, Hong Kong Museum of History,
Hong Kong Science Museum, Hung Hom
P
Platforms 		Шаблон:Rcb siding
Island platform, not in use
Шаблон:Rcb East Rail line siding
Шаблон:Rcb East Rail line siding
Island platform, not in use
Шаблон:Rcb East Rail line siding
Platform 5 ← Intercity Through Train towards Шаблон:Stnlnk, Шаблон:Stnlnk, Шаблон:Stnlnk or Шаблон:Stnlnk
Island platform, restricted access
Platform 6 ← Intercity Through Train towards Шаблон:Stnlnk, Шаблон:Stnlnk, Шаблон:Stnlnk or Шаблон:Stnlnk
Track Runaround track for intercity locomotives
G
Platforms 		Platform 2 Шаблон:0 Шаблон:Rcb towards Шаблон:STN (Шаблон:STN) →
Island platform, doors will open on the right
Platform 3 ← Шаблон:Rcb Tuen Ma line towards Шаблон:STN (Шаблон:STN)
L1
Platforms 		Platform 1 Шаблон:0 Шаблон:Rcb towards Шаблон:STN or Шаблон:STN (Шаблон:STN)
Island platform, doors will open on the right
Platform 4 ← Шаблон:Rcb East Rail line towards Шаблон:STN (Шаблон:STN)
Файл:1975-02s.jpg
Hung Hom station in the late 1970s

[18]Шаблон:Notelist

Файл:1975-03s.jpg
Hall of Hung Hom station in the late 1970s

Former layout

Station layout from 16 August 2009 to 19 June 2021:

Loft - Restaurants
U3 Intercity Through
Train Concourse/
Exit C Concourse 		Exit C, a transport interchange
ticketing office, Customer Service Centre, toilets, Hong Kong Immigration Department
and Customs and Excise Department checkpoints (for intercity train passengers)
MTRShops, vending machines
ATMs, lockers
U2 Exit A & B
Concourse 		Exit A, B, footbridge, public transport interchange
Customer Service
Exit D Concourse Exit D, footbridge, Customer Service
Footbridges to Cross-Harbour Tunnel, Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Tsim Sha Tsui East, Hong Kong Museum of History,
Hong Kong Science Museum, Hung Hom
P
Platforms 		Platform 1 Шаблон:0 Шаблон:Rcb towards Lo Wu or Lok Ma Chau (Mong Kok East) →
Island platform, doors will open on the left
Platform 2 ← Шаблон:Rcb West Rail line towards Tuen Mun (East Tsim Sha Tsui)
Platform 3 ← Шаблон:Rcb West Rail line towards Tuen Mun (East Tsim Sha Tsui)
Island platform, doors will open on the right
Platform 4 Шаблон:0 Шаблон:Rcb towards Lo Wu or Lok Ma Chau (Mong Kok East) →
Platform 5 Шаблон:0 Intercity Through Train towards Guangzhou, Shanghai or Beijing West →
Island platform, restricted access
Platform 6 Шаблон:0 Intercity Through Train towards Guangzhou, Shanghai or Beijing →
Track Runaround track for intercity locomotives

Exits

An interchange for buses (lower level) and public light buses and taxis (upper level) is located outside the station building. The lower-level bus station is situated at the Kowloon entrance of the Cross-Harbour Tunnel. Elevated walkways connect the station to the Hong Kong Coliseum; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; the residential area of Hung Hom; and tourist attractions in eastern Tsim Sha Tsui, such as the Science Museum and the Avenue of Stars along Victoria Harbour.[19]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Yau Tsim Mong District Шаблон:East Rail Line navbox Шаблон:Tuen Ma line navbox Шаблон:Sha Tin to Central Link navbox Шаблон:Beijing–Kowloon Railway Шаблон:Eastern Guangdong & Hong Kong transit Шаблон:Immigration Control Stations in Hong Kong Шаблон:China–Hong Kong border crossings Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Cargo services ended on 16 June 2010; [1][2] (Chinese only)
  2. ↑ Kowloon–Canton railway 1910 Annual Report.
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ Hong Kong Kung Sheung Daily, 8 June 1978.
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  18. ↑ Шаблон:MTRsource
  19. ↑ 19,00 19,01 19,02 19,03 19,04 19,05 19,06 19,07 19,08 19,09 19,10 19,11 19,12 Шаблон:MTRsource
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