Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Foreign relations of the United Kingdom

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Politics of the United Kingdom}}

The diplomatic '''foreign relations of the United Kingdom''' are conducted by the [[Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office]], headed by the [[Foreign Secretary]]. The [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|prime minister]] and numerous other agencies play a role in setting policy, and many institutions and businesses have a voice and a role.

The [[United Kingdom]] was the world's [[power in international relations|foremost power]] during the 19th and early 20th centuries, most notably during the so-called "[[Pax Britannica]]"{{mdash}}a period of unrivaled supremacy and unprecedented international peace during the mid-to-late 1800s. The country continued to be widely considered a [[superpower]] until the [[Suez crisis]] of 1956 and the dismantling of the [[British Empire]] left the UK's dominant role in global affairs to be gradually diminished. Nevertheless, the United Kingdom remains a [[great power]] and a [[United Nations Security Council#Permanent members|permanent member]] of the [[United Nations Security Council]], a founding member of the [[G7]], [[G-20 major economies|G20]], [[NATO]], [[AUKUS]], [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]], [[World Trade Organization|WTO]], [[Council of Europe]], [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]], and the [[Commonwealth of Nations]], the latter being a legacy of the British Empire. The UK had been a member state of the [[European Union]] (and a member of its predecessors) since 1973.  However, due to the outcome of a 2016 [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum|membership referendum]], proceedings to withdraw from the EU [[United Kingdom invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union|began in 2017]] and concluded when the UK formally left the EU on 31 January 2020, and the [[transition period]] on 31 December 2020 with an [[EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement|EU trade agreement]]. Since the vote and the conclusion of trade talks with the EU, policymakers have begun pursuing new [[Trade agreements of the United Kingdom|trade agreement]]s with other global partners.

==History==
{{main|History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom}}
{{further|Timeline of British diplomatic history|History of the United Kingdom}}
[[File:Battle of Nivelle - November 10th 1813 - Fonds Ancely - B315556101 A HEATH 029.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Nivelle]] - a [[Peninsular War]] battle between the French and the British armies in France in 1813]]
Following the formation of the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] (which united England and Scotland) in 1707, British foreign relations largely continued those of the [[Kingdom of England]]. British foreign policy initially focused on achieving a [[Balance of power (international relations) |balance of power]] within Europe, with no one country achieving dominance over the affairs of the continent. This policy remained a major justification for Britain's wars against Napoleon, and for British involvement in the [[First World War |First]] and [[Second World War]]s. Secondly Britain continued the expansion of its colonial "[[First British Empire]]" by migration and investment.

France was the chief enemy until the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. It had a much larger population and a more powerful army, but a weaker navy. The British were generally [[British military history|successful in their many wars]]. The notable exception, the [[American War of Independence]] (1775–1783), saw Britain, without any major allies, defeated by the American colonials who had the support of France, the Netherlands and (indirectly) Spain. A favoured British diplomatic strategy involved subsidising the armies of continental allies (such as [[Prussia]]), thereby turning London's enormous financial power to military advantage. Britain relied heavily on its [[History of the Royal Navy|Royal Navy]] for security, seeking to keep it the most powerful fleet afloat, eventually with a full complement of bases across the globe. British dominance of the seas was vital to the formation and maintaining of the British Empire, which was achieved through the support of a navy larger than the next two largest navies combined, prior to 1920. The British generally stood alone until the early 20th century, when it became friendly with the U.S. and made alliances with Japan, France and Russia and Germany former antagonist now ally.

===1814–1914===
{{Main|History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom#1814-1914}}
{{Further|International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)|Foreign policy of William Ewart Gladstone}}
[[File:Arthur Mees Flags of A Free Empire 1910 Cornell CUL PJM 1167 01.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Map of the [[British Empire]] (as of 1910). At its height, it was the [[List of largest empires|largest empire]] in history.]]
The 100 years were generally peaceful--a sort of [[Pax Britannica]] enforced by the Royal Navy.  There were two important wars, both limited in scope. The [[Crimean War]] (1853–1856) saw the defeat of Russia and its threat to the Ottoman Empire. The [[Second Boer War]] (1899–1902) saw the defeat of the two Boer republics in South Africa and [[Boxer Rebellion]] happen the same year. London became the world's [[financial centre]], and commercial enterprise expanded across the globe. The "[[Second British Empire]]" was built with a base in Asia (especially India) and Africa.

===First World War===
{{main|History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom#First World War}}
{{Further|Causes of World War I|Treaty of Versailles }}

===1920s===
{{main|History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom#1920s}}
After 1918 Britain was a "troubled giant" that was less of a dominant diplomatic force in the 1920s than before. It often had to give way to the United States, which frequently exercised its financial superiority.<ref>F.S. Northedge, ''The troubled giant: Britain among the great powers, 1916-1939'' (1966).</ref>  The main themes of British foreign policy included a leading role at the [[Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920) |Paris Peace Conference]] of 1919–1920, where [[David Lloyd George |Lloyd George]] worked hard to moderate French demands for revenge on Germany.<ref>Erik Goldstein, ''Winning the peace: British diplomatic strategy, peace planning, and the Paris Peace Conference, 1916-1920'' (1991).</ref> He was partly successful, but Britain soon had to moderate French policy toward Germany further, as in the [[Locarno Treaties]] of 1925.<ref>Frank Magee, "‘Limited Liability’? Britain and the Treaty of Locarno." ''Twentieth Century British History'' 6.1 (1995): 1-22.</ref><ref>Andrew Barros, "Disarmament as a weapon: Anglo-French relations and the problems of enforcing German disarmament, 1919–28." ''Journal of Strategic Studies'' 29#2 (2006): 301-321.</ref>  Furthermore, Britain obtained "mandates" that allowed it and its dominions to govern most of the former German and Ottoman colonies.<ref>Wm Roger Louis,  "The United Kingdom and the beginning of the mandates system, 1919–1922." ''International Organization'' 23.1 (1969): 73-96. </ref>

Britain became an active member of the new [[League of Nations]], but its list of major achievements was slight.<ref>Peter J. Yearwood, ''Guarantee of Peace: The League of Nations in British Policy 1914-1925'' (2009).</ref><ref>[[Susan Pedersen (historian)|Susan Pedersen]], "Back to the League of Nations." ''American Historical Review'' 112.4 (2007): 1091-1117. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40008445 in JSTOR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001032512/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40008445 |date=1 October 2018 }}</ref>

Disarmament was high on the agenda, and Britain played a major role following the United States in the [[Washington Naval Conference]] of 1921 in working toward naval disarmament of the major powers.  By 1933 disarmament agreements had collapsed and the issue became rearming for a war against Germany.<ref>Raymond G. O'Connor, "The 'Yardstick' and Naval Disarmament in the 1920s." ''Mississippi Valley Historical Review'' 45.3 (1958): 441-463. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1889320 in JSTOR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001032504/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1889320 |date=1 October 2018 }}</ref> 

Britain was partially successful in negotiating better terms with United States regarding the large war loans which Britain was obliged to repay.<ref>Frank C. Costigliola, "Anglo-American financial rivalry in the 1920s." ''Journal of Economic History'' 37.4 (1977): 911-934. </ref> Britain supported the international solution to German reparations through the [[Dawes Plan]] and the [[Young Plan]]. After the Dawes Plan had helped stabilize Germany's currency and lowered its annual payments, Germany was able to pay its annual reparations using money borrowed from New York banks, and Britain used the money received to pay Washington.<ref>Patrick O. Cohrs, ''The unfinished peace after World War I: America, Britain and the stabilization of Europe, 1919-1932'' (Cambridge, 2006).</ref> The [[Great Depression]] starting in 1929 put enormous pressure on the British economy. Britain revived [[Imperial Preference]], which meant low tariffs within the British Empire and higher barriers to trade with outside countries. The flow of money from New York dried up, and the system of reparations and payment of debt died in 1931.

In domestic British politics, the emerging [[Labour Party (UK) |Labour Party]] had a distinctive and suspicious foreign policy based on [[pacifism]]. Its leaders believed that peace was impossible because of [[capitalism]], [[Secret treaty |secret diplomacy]], and the [[arms trade (disambiguation)|trade in armaments]]. Labour stressed material factors that ignored the psychological memories of the [[Great War]] and the highly emotional tensions regarding nationalism and the boundaries of countries.  Nevertheless, [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK) |party leader]] [[Ramsay MacDonald]] devoted much of his attention to European policies.<ref>Henry R. Winkler. "The Emergence of a Labor Foreign Policy in Great Britain, 1918-1929." ''Journal of Modern History'' 28.3 (1956): 247-258. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1876236 in JSTOR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807162343/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1876236 |date=7 August 2018 }}</ref>

===1930s===
{{main| History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom#1930s}}
{{Further| Appeasement| Neville Chamberlain's European Policy}}
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R69173, Münchener Abkommen, Staatschefs.jpg|thumb| Chamberlain, Daladier, Hitler, and Mussolini pictured before signing the 1938 [[Munich Agreement]], which gave the [[Sudetenland]] to Nazi Germany.]]
Vivid memories of the horrors and deaths of the First World War inclined many Britons—and their leaders in all parties—to pacifism in the interwar era. This led directly to the [[appeasement]] of dictators (notably of [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]] and of [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]]) in order to avoid their threats of war.<ref>Patrick Finney, "The romance of decline: The historiography of appeasement and British national identity." ''Electronic Journal of International History'' 1 (2000). [http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/3385/1/Journal_of_International_History_2000-06_Finney.pdf online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505065621/http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/3385/1/Journal_of_International_History_2000-06_Finney.pdf |date=5 May 2018 }}</ref>

The challenge came from those dictators, first from [[Benito Mussolini]], [[Duce]] of [[Fascist Italy (1922–1943) |Italy]], then from [[Adolf Hitler]], [[Führer]] of a much more powerful [[Nazi Germany]]. The League of Nations proved disappointing to its supporters; it failed to resolve any of the threats posed by the dictators. British policy involved "appeasing" them in the hopes they would be satiated. By 1938 it was clear that war was looming, and that Germany had the world's most powerful military. The final act of appeasement came when Britain and France sacrificed [[Czechoslovakia]] to Hitler's demands at the [[Munich Agreement]] of September 1938.<ref>[[David Faber (politician) |David Faber]], ''Munich, 1938: Appeasement and World War II'' (2010)</ref> Instead of satiation, Hitler menaced Poland, and at last Prime Minister [[Neville Chamberlain]] dropped appeasement and stood firm in [[Anglo-Polish military alliance |promising to defend Poland]] (31 March 1939). Hitler however [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact |cut a deal]] with [[Joseph Stalin]] to divide Eastern Europe (23 August 1939); when Germany did invade Poland in September 1939, Britain and France declared war, and the British Commonwealth followed London's lead.<ref>Donald Cameron Watt, ''How War Came: Immediate Origins of the Second World War, 1938–39'' (1990)</ref>

===Second World War===
{{Further|Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II|Diplomatic history of World War II}}
Having signed the Anglo-Polish military alliance in August 1939, [[United Kingdom declaration of war on Germany (1939)|Britain and France declared war against Germany]] in September 1939 in response to Germany's invasion of Poland. This declaration included the [[Crown colony|Crown colonies]] and [[British Raj|India]], which Britain directly controlled. The dominions were independent in foreign policy, though all quickly entered the war against Germany. After the French defeat in June 1940, Britain and its empire stood alone in combat against Germany, until June 1941. The United States gave diplomatic, financial and material support, starting in 1940, especially through [[Lend Lease]], which began in 1941 and attain full strength during 1943. In August 1941, Churchill and Roosevelt met and agreed on the [[Atlantic Charter]], which proclaimed "the rights of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they live" should be respected. This wording was ambiguous and would be interpreted differently by the British, Americans, and nationalist movements.<ref>Keith Sainsbury, ''Churchill and Roosevelt at War: the war they fought and the peace they hoped to make'' (New York University Press, 1994).</ref>

Starting in December 1941, Japan overran British possessions in Asia, including [[British Hong Kong|Hong Kong]], [[British Malaya|Malaya]], and especially the key base at [[Battle of Singapore|Singapore]]. Japan then  marched into [[British rule in Burma|Burma]], headed toward India. Churchill's reaction to the entry of the United States into the war was that Britain was now assured of victory and the future of the empire was safe, but the rapid defeats irreversibly harmed Britain's standing and prestige as an [[Imperialism|imperial power]]. The realisation that Britain could not defend them pushed Australia and New Zealand into permanent close ties with the United States.<ref>{{cite book|author=Alan Warren|title=Britain's Greatest Defeat: Singapore 1942|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zosKzAoocu8C&pg=PA295|year=2006|publisher=Continuum|page=295|isbn=9781852855970|access-date=15 June 2021|archive-date=4 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604021629/https://books.google.com/books?id=zosKzAoocu8C&pg=PA295|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Postwar===
{{further|Postwar Britain (1945–1979)|Cold War}}
[[File:United Kingdom overseas military installations and operations.png|thumb|upright=1.5| [[Overseas military bases of the United Kingdom| Overseas military bases]] in 2016 (blue) and military interventions since 2000 (red).]]
Economically in dire straits in 1945 (saddled with debt and dealing with [[The Blitz|widespread destruction of its infrastructure]]), Britain systematically reduced its overseas commitments. It pursued an alternate role as an active participant in the [[Cold War]] against [[communism]], especially as a founding member of NATO in 1949.<ref>F.S. Northedge, ''Desent From Power British Foreign Policy 1945-1973'' (1974) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.117738 online]{{dead link|date=October 2020}}</ref>

The British had built up a very large worldwide Empire, which peaked in size in 1922, after more than half a century of unchallenged global supremacy. The cumulative costs of fighting two world wars, however, placed a heavy burden upon the home economy, and after 1945 the British Empire rapidly began to disintegrate, with all the major colonies gaining independence. By the mid-to-late 1950s, the UK's status as a superpower was gone in the face of the United States and the Soviet Union. Most former colonies joined the "Commonwealth of Nations", an organisation of fully independent nations now with equal status to the UK. However it attempted no major collective policies.<ref>Lawrence James, ''The Rise and Fall of the British Empire'' (2001)</ref><ref>Stephen Wall, ''A Stranger in Europe: Britain and the EU from Thatcher to Blair'' (2008)</ref> The last major colony, Hong Kong, was handed over to China in 1997.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-06-29|title=Hong Kong's handover explained|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-40426827|access-date=2020-05-18|archive-date=10 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810223147/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-40426827|url-status=live}}</ref> Fourteen [[British Overseas Territories]] maintain a constitutional link to the UK, but are not part of the country per se.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-02-04|title=What's left of the British Empire (and how to see it)|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/galleries/What-are-the-14-British-Overseas-Territories-and-how-can-I-visit-them/|access-date=2020-05-18|issn=0307-1235|archive-date=29 June 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180629143858/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/galleries/What-are-the-14-British-Overseas-Territories-and-how-can-I-visit-them/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Britain slashed its involvements in the [[Middle East]] after the humiliating [[Suez Crisis]] of 1956. However Britain did forge close military ties with the United States, France, and Germany, through the NATO military alliance. After years of debate (and rebuffs), Britain joined the [[European Economic Community|Common Market]] in 1973; which became the [[History of the European Union|European Union]] in 1993.<ref>Andrew Marr, ''A History of Modern Britain'' (2009)</ref> However it did not merge [[European Exchange Rate Mechanism|financially]], and kept the pound separate from the [[Euro]], which partly isolated it from the EU [[European sovereign debt crisis|financial crisis of 2011]].<ref>Stephen Wall, ''A Stranger in Europe: Britain and the EU from Thatcher to Blair'' (Oxford University Press, 2008)</ref> In June 2016, the UK [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum|voted to leave the EU]].<ref>Andrew Gamble,  "Better Off Out? Britain and Europe." ''The Political Quarterly'' (2012) 83#3: 468-477.</ref><ref>Nathaniel Copsey and Tim Haughton, "Farewell Britannia? 'Issue Capture' and the Politics of David Cameron's 2013 EU Referendum Pledge." ''JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies'' (2014) 52-S1: 74-89.</ref>

===21st century===
{{anchor|Foreign policy}}
{{Further|International relations since 1989|Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)}}[[File:-G7Biarritz (48632272593).jpg|thumb|British Prime Minister [[Boris Johnson]] and U.S. President [[Donald Trump]] at the [[45th G7 summit|45th G7 in Biarritz]], August 2019.]]

Foreign policy initiatives of UK governments since the 1990s have included military intervention in conflicts and for peacekeeping, humanitarian assistance programmes and increased aid spending, support for establishment of the [[International criminal court|International Criminal Court]], debt relief for developing countries, prioritisation of initiatives to address [[climate change]], and promotion of [[free trade]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gaskarth|first1=Jamie|title=British Foreign Policy Crises, Conflicts and Future Challenges.|date=2013|publisher=Wiley|location=Hoboken|isbn=9780745670003|page=15|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZISAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT15|access-date=25 October 2020|archive-date=17 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817232719/https://books.google.com/books?id=TZISAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT15|url-status=live}}</ref> The British approach has been described as "spread the right norms and sustain NATO".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wagnsson|first1=Charlotte|title=Security in a Greater Europe: The Possibility of a Pan-European Approach|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780719086717|page=33|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C9DJCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|quote=The British solution: spread the right norms and sustain NATO ... The new rules placed humanitarian intervention above the principle of sovereignty. Blair stated that this 'would become the basis of an approach to future conflict'.|access-date=8 November 2016|archive-date=18 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818154131/https://books.google.com/books?id=C9DJCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|url-status=live}}</ref>

Lunn et al. (2008) argue:<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Jon|last1=Lunn|first2=Vaughne|last2=Miller|first3=Ben|last3=Smith|title=British foreign policy since 1997|publisher=House Commons Library|journal=Research Paper 08/56|date=23 June 2008|url=http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/RP08-56.pdf}}{{Dead link|date=September 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
:Three key motifs of Tony Blair's 10-year premiership were an activist philosophy of 'interventionism', maintaining a strong alliance with the US and a commitment to placing Britain at the heart of Europe. While the 'special relationship' and the question of Britain's role in Europe have been central to British foreign policy since the Second World War...interventionism was a genuinely new element.

The GREAT campaign of 2012 was one of the most ambitious national promotion efforts ever undertaken by any major nation. It was scheduled take maximum advantage of the worldwide attention to the [[2012 Summer Olympics|Summer Olympics in London]]. The goals were to make British more culture visible in order to stimulate  trade, investment and tourism. The government partnered with key leaders in culture, business, diplomacy and education. The  campaign unified many themes and targets, including business meetings; scholarly conventions; recreational vehicle dealers; parks and campgrounds; convention and visitors bureaus; hotels; bed and breakfast inns; casinos; and hotels.<ref>James Pamment, "'Putting the GREAT Back into Britain': National Identity, Public-Private Collaboration & Transfers of Brand Equity in 2012's Global Promotional Campaign," ''British Journal of Politics & International Relations'' (2015) 17#2 pp 260-283. </ref><ref>Pawel Surowiec, and Philip Long, “Hybridity and Soft Power Statecraft: The ‘GREAT’ Campaign.”  ''Diplomacy & Statecraft'' 31:1 (2020): 1-28. [https://hdiplo.org/to/AR989 online review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228185930/https://issforum.org/reviews/PDF/AR989.pdf |date=28 December 2021 }} https://doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2020.1721092 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228185932/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09592296.2020.1721092 |date=28 December 2021 }}</ref>

In 2013, the government of David Cameron described its approach to foreign policy by saying:<ref>{{cite web|title=Review of the Balance of Competences between the United Kingdom and the European Union: Foreign Policy|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/227437/2901086_Foreign_Policy_acc.pdf|publisher=HM Government|access-date=21 November 2015|page=13|date=July 2013|archive-date=10 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310065254/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/227437/2901086_Foreign_Policy_acc.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
:For any given foreign policy issue, the UK potentially has a range of options for delivering impact in our national interest. ... [W]e have a complex network of alliances and partnerships through which we can work.... These include – besides the EU – the UN and groupings within it, such as the five permanent members of the Security Council (the “P5”); NATO; the Commonwealth; the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development; the G8 and G20 groups of leading industrialised nations; and so on.

The UK began establishing air and naval facilities in the [[Persian Gulf]], located in the [[United Arab Emirates]], [[Bahrain]] and [[Oman]] in 2014–15.<ref>{{cite web|date=April 2013|title=A Return to East of Suez? UK Military Deployment to the Gulf|url=https://www.rusi.org/publications/other/ref:N517AA8D59D1B3/|access-date=1 July 2015|publisher=Royal United Services Institute|archive-date=2 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702075536/https://www.rusi.org/publications/other/ref:N517AA8D59D1B3/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=19 September 2013|title=The New East of Suez Question: Damage Limitation after Failure Over Syria|url=https://www.rusi.org/analysis/commentary/ref:C523A2F0A381F3/#.VZROPeu-ra6|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702081038/https://www.rusi.org/analysis/commentary/ref%3AC523A2F0A381F3/#.VZROPeu-ra6|archive-date=2 July 2015|access-date=1 July 2015|publisher=Royal United Services Institute|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=December 2014|title=East of Suez, West from Helmand: British Expeditionary Force and the next SDSR|url=http://www.oxfordresearchgroup.org.uk/sites/default/files/ORGDec14EastSuezWestHelmand_0.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702074143/http://www.oxfordresearchgroup.org.uk/sites/default/files/ORGDec14EastSuezWestHelmand_0.pdf|archive-date=2 July 2015|access-date=22 May 2015|publisher=Oxford Research Group}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=1 October 2015|title=Defence Secretary visits Oman|agency=Ministry of Defence|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/defence-secretary-visits-oman|access-date=28 October 2015|archive-date=16 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016112704/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/defence-secretary-visits-oman|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015]] highlighted a range of foreign policy initiatives of the UK government.<ref name="SDSR2015">{{cite web|title=National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/478933/52309_Cm_9161_NSS_SD_Review_web_only.pdf|date=November 2015|publisher=HM Government|access-date=23 November 2015|archive-date=24 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124082813/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/478933/52309_Cm_9161_NSS_SD_Review_web_only.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author1=Lord Robertson, former UK Defence Secretary and Secretary General of NATO|title=The 2015 Strategic Defence and Security Review and its Implications|url=http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/the-2015-strategic-defence-and-security-review-and-its-implications|publisher=Gresham College|access-date=26 November 2015|date=27 October 2015|quote=Defence Review would be foreign policy led|archive-date=30 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730130936/http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/the-2015-strategic-defence-and-security-review-and-its-implications|url-status=live}}</ref> Edward Longinotti notes how current British defence policy is grappling with how to accommodate two major commitments, to Europe and to an ‘[[east of Suez]]’ global military strategy, within a modest defence budget that can only fund one. He points out that Britain's December 2014 agreement to open a permanent naval base in Bahrain underlines its gradual re-commitment east of Suez.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/for-gods-sake-act-like-britain-lessons-from-the-1960s-for-british-defence|title='For God's sake, act like Britain' Lessons from the 1960s for British defence policy|last=Longinotti|first=Edward|date=9 September 2015|publisher=History & Policy|access-date=7 July 2016|archive-date=17 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817090724/http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/for-gods-sake-act-like-britain-lessons-from-the-1960s-for-british-defence|url-status=live}}</ref> By some measures, Britain remains the second most powerful country in the world by virtue of its [[soft power]] and "logistical capability to deploy, support and sustain [military] forces overseas in large numbers."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Allison|first=George|date=2017-11-20|title=Study finds UK is second most powerful country in the world|url=https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/study-finds-uk-is-second-most-powerful-country-in-the-world/|access-date=2020-11-03|language=en-GB|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108105529/https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/study-finds-uk-is-second-most-powerful-country-in-the-world/|url-status=live}}</ref> Although commentators have questioned the need for global power projection,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Jenkins|first=Simon|date=2018-06-28|title=It's delusional to think Britain should be a global military power|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jun/28/britain-global-military-power-armed-forces-defence-spending|access-date=2020-11-03|issn=0261-3077|quote=A modern state needs domestic policing and homeland protection. It needs air and sea coastguards and a reserve for emergencies in cooperation with its neighbours, EU or no EU.|archive-date=9 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109025117/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jun/28/britain-global-military-power-armed-forces-defence-spending|url-status=live}}</ref> the concept of “Global Britain” put forward by the Conservative government in 2019 signalled more military activity in the Middle East and Pacific, outside of NATO's traditional sphere of influence.<ref>{{Cite web|last=White|first=Kenton|title=How important is NATO to British defence policy?|url=http://theconversation.com/how-important-is-nato-to-british-defence-policy-126534|access-date=2020-11-03|website=The Conversation|date=29 November 2019 |language=en|archive-date=3 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203114414/https://theconversation.com/how-important-is-nato-to-british-defence-policy-126534|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Defence in Global Britain|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/defence-in-global-britain|access-date=2020-11-03|website=GOV.UK|date=11 February 2019 |language=en|archive-date=11 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190211172619/https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/defence-in-global-britain|url-status=live}}</ref>

At the end of January 2020, the [[Brexit|United Kingdom left the European Union]], with a subsequent trade agreement with the EU in effect from 1 January 2021, setting out the terms of the UK-EU economic relationship and what abilities the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office can use in foreign relations related to trade.

In July 2023, UK and Bahrain signed a [[memorandum of understanding]]  for strategic investments and collaborations, through Bahraini sovereign wealth fund Mumtalakat, Investcorp, GFH Financial Group, and Osool Asset Management, that would see the Gulf state's private sector invest 1 billion pounds ($1.3 billion) in Britain.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bahrain signs deals to invest $1.3 bln in UK economy|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/bahrain-signs-deals-invest-13-bln-uk-economy-2023-07-03/|access-date=2023-07-03|website=Reuters|language=en}}</ref>

==Major international disputes since 1945==
[[File:Aden-1967.jpg|thumb|British street patrol in [[Aden Emergency|Aden]] in 1967]]
[[File:Army Air Corps Lynx Linking up with RAF Regiment Vehicle patrol, patrolling an area south of Basra Airport. MOD 45142952.jpg|thumb|A [[Westland Lynx|Lynx Helicopter]] of the [[Army Air Corps (United Kingdom)|British Army Air Corps]] ready to touch down on a desert road south of [[Basra Airport]], November 2003]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" 
|+
!from
!to
!class="unsortable" |dispute
|-
|1946||1949||Involved in [[Greek Civil War]]
|-
|1945||1948||Administration of the [[Mandate for Palestine]], ending with the [[Israeli Declaration of Independence|establishment of the State of Israel]] in 1948. British forces often faced conflict with Arab nationalists and Jewish Zionist militia.
|-
|1947||1991||[[Cold War]] with [[Soviet Union]]
|-
|1948||1949||[[Berlin Blockade]] – dispute with [[Soviet Union|USSR]] over access to [[West Berlin]] and general Soviet expansionism in Eastern Europe<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1998/03/98/berlin/72088.stm |work=BBC News |title=The Berlin blockade: Moscow draws the iron curtain |date=1 April 1998 |access-date=2010-05-02 |archive-date=20 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080120062404/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1998/03/98/berlin/72088.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1948||1960||[[Malayan Emergency]] – armed conflict against the politically isolated Communist forces of the [[Malayan National Liberation Army]]
|-
|1950||1953||[[Korean War]] – war with [[North Korea]]
|-
|1951||1954||[[Abadan Crisis]] – dispute with [[Iran]] over expropriated oil assets
|-
|1956||1957||[[Suez Crisis]] – armed conflict with [[Egypt]] over its seizure of the [[Suez Canal Zone]], and unsupported by most of the [[international community]]
|-
|1958||{{sort|1958|}}||[[First Cod War]] – fishing dispute with [[Iceland]]
|-
|1962||1966||[[Konfrontasi]] – war with [[Indonesia]]
|-
|1972||1973||[[Second Cod War]] – fishing dispute with Iceland
|-
|1975||1976||[[Third Cod War]] – fishing dispute with Iceland<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/19/newsid_2530000/2530223.stm |work=BBC News |title=1973: Super tug to defend fishing fleet |date=19 January 1973 |access-date=2010-05-02 |archive-date=7 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307122344/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/19/newsid_2530000/2530223.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1982||{{sort|1982|}}||[[Falklands War]] – war with Argentina over the [[Falkland Islands]] and other British south Atlantic territories
|-
|1983||{{sort|1983|}}||Condemnation of the United States over its [[invasion of Grenada]]<ref>[[John Campbell (biographer)|John Campbell]], ''Margaret Thatcher: Volume 2: The Iron Lady'' (2003) pp 273-9</ref>
|-
|1984||{{sort|1984|}}||Dispute with [[Libya]] after a [[Yvonne Fletcher|policewoman]] is shot dead in London by a gunman from within the Libyan embassy, and considerable Libyan support for the [[Irish Republican Army|IRA]] in Northern Ireland.
|-
|1988||{{sort|1988|}}||Dispute with Libya over the 1988 bombing of a [[Pan Am Flight 103|Pan Am flight]] over the Scottish town of [[Lockerbie]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/21/newsid_2539000/2539447.stm |work=BBC News |title=1988: Jumbo jet crashes onto Lockerbie |date=21 December 1988 |access-date=2010-05-02 |archive-date=7 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307133545/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/21/newsid_2539000/2539447.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1991||{{sort|1991|}}||[[Gulf War]] with Iraq<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530375.stm |work=BBC News |title=1991: 'Mother of all Battles' begins |date=17 January 1991 |access-date=2010-05-02 |archive-date=1 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080101095702/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530375.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1995||{{sort|1995|}}||Under UN mandate, military involvement in former [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] (specifically [[Bosnian War|Bosnia]])
|-
|1997||{{sort|1997|}}||[[British Hong Kong|Hong Kong]] handover to [[Hong Kong|Chinese rule]]. Britain secures guarantees for a "special status" that would continue capitalism and protect existing British property.<ref>John Campbell, ''Margaret Thatcher: Volume 2: The Iron Lady'' (2003) p 315–317</ref>
|-
|1999||{{sort|1999|}}||Involvement in [[NATO bombing of Yugoslavia|NATO bombing campaign]] against Yugoslavia over [[Kosovo]]
|-
|2000||{{sort|2000|}}||British action in saving the UN peacekeeping force from collapse and defeating the anti-government rebellion during the [[Sierra Leone Civil War]]
|-
|2001||{{sort|2001|}}||[[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|UN-sponsored war]] against, and subsequent occupation of, [[Afghanistan]]
|-
|2003||2007||Collaboration with US and others in [[Iraq War|war]] against, and occupation of, [[Iraq]]; over 46,000 British troops subsequently occupy [[Basra]] and southern Iraq
|-
|2007||{{sort|9999|ongoing}}||Diplomatic dispute with [[Russia]] over the death of [[Alexander Litvinenko]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/jul/19/russia.world |work=The Guardian |location=London |title=Anglo-Russian relations |first=Ros |last=Taylor |date=20 March 2008 |access-date=2010-05-02 |archive-date=4 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204144145/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/jul/19/russia.world |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2009||{{sort|9999|ongoing}}||Dispute with [[Iran]] over its alleged [[Nuclear program of Iran|nuclear weapons programme]], including sanctions and Iranian condemnation of the British government, culminating in a [[2011 attack on the British Embassy in Iran]]
|-
|2011||{{sort|2011|}}||Under UN mandate, UK armed forces participated in enforcing the [[2011 military intervention in Libya|Libyan No-Fly Zone]] as part of [[Operation Ellamy]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Libya: Coalition bombing may be in breach of UN resolution's legal limits |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/28/libya-bombing-un-resolution-law |work=The Guardian |date=28 March 2011 |access-date=20 December 2020 |archive-date=25 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125103849/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/28/libya-bombing-un-resolution-law |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2013||{{sort|2013|}}||Support for French forces in the [[Malian civil war]]
|-
|2015||{{sort|2015|}}||Support for the US-led coalition against the [[Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant]]
|-
|2016||{{sort|2016|}}||[[P5+1|UN]] and [[European Union|EU]] implement a [[Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action|deal with Iran]] intended to prevent the country gaining access to nuclear weapons<ref>{{cite news|title=Iran nuclear deal: Key details|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-33521655|access-date=28 May 2016|work=BBC|date=16 January 2016|archive-date=1 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501055342/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-33521655|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2018||{{sort|9999|ongoing}}||Sanctions on [[Russia]] following the [[Poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal|poisoning of Sergei Skripal]] using a [[nerve agent]] in [[Salisbury]], England included the expulsions of 23 diplomats, the largest ever since the Cold War, an act that was retaliated by Russia
|-
|2019||{{sort|9999|ongoing}}||The [[Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute|sovereignty of the Chagos Archipelago is disputed]] between the United Kingdom and Mauritius. An advisory ruling by [[International Court of Justice]] in [[The Hague]] found that "the islands were not lawfully separated from the former colony of Mauritius",<ref>{{cite web |title=Chagos Islands dispute: UK obliged to end control – UN |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-47358602 |work=BBC News |date=25 February 2019 |access-date=20 December 2020 |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126230026/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-47358602 |url-status=live }}</ref> a view endorsed by the [[United Nations General Assembly]]
|-
|2019||{{sort|2019|}}||The UK seized an Iranian oil tanker in the [[Strait of Gibraltar]] on the grounds that it was shipping oil to [[Syria]] in violation of European Union sanctions. Iran later captured a British oil tanker and its crew members in the [[Persian Gulf]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-49063646|title=Iran tanker seizure: UK 'didn't take eye off ball', Hammond says|work=BBC News|date=21 July 2019|access-date=20 December 2020|archive-date=23 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123031517/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-49063646|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2022||{{sort|9999|ongoing}}||The UK provided support and equipment to Ukraine after [[Russian Invasion of Ukraine|its invasion by Russia]], which [[Unfriendly Countries List|declared the United Kingdom an unfriendly country]] after the UK strongly supported [[International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|international sanctions against Russia]]
|}

==Sovereignty disputes==
[[File:Gibraltar National Day 027 (9719742224) (2).jpg|thumb|[[Gibraltar National Day]] celebrations in 2013]]
* Spain claims the British overseas territory of [[Gibraltar]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/3851047.stm | work=BBC News | title=Gibraltar profile | date=23 March 2010 | access-date=2010-05-02 | archive-date=27 July 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080727004522/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/3851047.stm | url-status=live }}</ref> Gibraltarians voted overwhelmingly to remain under British sovereignty [[1967 Gibraltar sovereignty referendum|in 1967]] and [[2002 Gibraltar sovereignty referendum|2002]].
* The entire [[Chagos Archipelago]] in the [[British Indian Ocean Territory]] is [[Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute|claimed]] by [[Mauritius]]. The claim includes the island of [[Diego Garcia]] used as a joint UK/US military base since the 1970s when the inhabitants were forcibly removed, Blenheim Reef, Speakers Bank and all the other features.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-121404611.html|title=Chagos Archipelago - Dictionary definition of Chagos Archipelago - Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary|website=www.encyclopedia.com|access-date=27 May 2008|archive-date=19 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080519121855/http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-121404611.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* There are conflicting claims over the Falkland Islands and [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]], controlled by the United Kingdom but claimed by Argentina. The dispute escalated into the Falklands War in 1982 over the islands' sovereignty, in which Argentina was defeated. The Falkland islanders [[2013 Falkland Islands sovereignty referendum|voted overwhelmingly to remain a British Overseas Territory]] in 2013.
* There is a territorial claim in [[Antarctica]], the [[British Antarctic Territory]], which overlaps with areas claimed by [[Chile]] and Argentina.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/oct/19/climatechange.fossilfuels | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Argentina ready to challenge Britain's Antarctic claims | first=Owen | last=Bowcott | date=19 October 2007 | access-date=2010-05-02 | archive-date=22 September 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922194001/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/oct/19/climatechange.fossilfuels | url-status=live }}</ref>

==Commonwealth of Nations==
[[File:Commonwealth of Nations.svg|thumb|upright=1.5|Members of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].]]

The UK has varied relationships with the countries that make up the Commonwealth of Nations which originated from the [[British Empire]]. [[Charles III|Charles III of the United Kingdom]] is [[Head of the Commonwealth]] and is [[head of state|King]] of 15 of its 56 member states. Those that retain the King as head of state are called [[Commonwealth realm]]s. Over time several countries have been suspended from the Commonwealth for various reasons. [[Zimbabwe]] was suspended because of the [[authoritarian]] rule of its [[Robert Mugabe|President]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dfat.gov.au/intorgs/commonwealth/aus_comm_3.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501105104/http://www.dfat.gov.au/intorgs/commonwealth/aus_comm_3.html|url-status=dead|title=The Commonwealth of Nations - Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade|archive-date=1 May 2008}}</ref>

== Diplomatic relations ==
British diplomatic relations date back to the 13th century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations |url=https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/en/bilateral-relations/general-countries/united-kingdom-ing}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Archives |first=The National |title=The National Archives - Homepage |url=https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/foreign-affairs-before-1509/ |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=The National Archives |language=en-GB}}</ref> The following table lists the date from which diplomatic relations were established with other countries:
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[File:Diplomatic_relations_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg|frameless|upright=2]]
List of diplomatic relations and dates established
|-
!Country
!Date
!Ref.
|-
|{{Flag|Portugal}}
|{{dts|9 May 1386}}
|<ref name="portugal">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations - United Kingdom |url=https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/en/bilateral-relations/general-countries/united-kingdom-ing |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|France}}
|{{Dts|1396}}
|<ref name="france">{{Cite book |title=The Gentleman's Magazine (London, England), 168 |publisher=F. Jefferies |year=1840 |pages=483}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Denmark}}
|{{DTS|2 May 1490}}
|<ref>{{cite book |author1=Joseph Planta, Sir Robert Cotton |title=A Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Cottonian Library Deposited in the British Museum |date=1802 |page=212}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Spain}}
|{{Dts|1505}}
|<ref>Hillgarth, J.N. [https://books.google.com/books?id=vXTs8jJiuu8C&pg=PA17 ''The Mirror of Spain, 1500-1700: The Formation of a Myth''], University of Michigan Press, 2000, page 11</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Russia}}
|{{DTS|20 April 1566}}
|<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Bell |first=Gary M. |title=A Handlist of British Diplomatic Representatives: 1509-1688 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=1995 |pages=194, 221, 275 and 283}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Turkey}}
|{{DTS|23 April 1583}}
|<ref name=":8" />
|-
|{{Flag|Netherlands}}
|{{DTS|1 April 1603}}
|<ref name=":8" />
|-
|{{Flag|Sweden}}
|{{DTS|23 December 1653}}
|<ref name=":8" />
|-
|{{Flag|Switzerland}}
|{{DTS|30 August 1689}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |last=Horn |first=D. B. |title=British Diplomatic Representatives: 1689-1789 |year=1932 |pages=144}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|United States}}
|{{dts|1 June 1785}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: The United Kingdom |url=https://history.state.gov/countries/united-kingdom |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Iran}}
|{{dts|4 January 1801}}
|<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kazemzadeh |date=1985 |title=ANGLO-IRANIAN RELATIONS ii. Qajar period |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/anglo-iranian-relations-ii |journal=[[Encyclopedia Iranica]]}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Austria}}
|{{dts|27 August 1814}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 1814 |title=The London Gazette |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/16930/page/1759 |access-date=14 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|{{dts|28 November 1817}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Foreign Office List |publisher=Great Britain. Foreign Office |year=1866 |pages=44}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Peru}}
|{{Dts|10 October 1823}}
|<ref name="peru">{{Cite web |title=Perú y Reino Unido celebran 200 años del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas |url=https://www.gob.pe/institucion/rree/noticias/847479-peru-y-reino-unido-celebran-200-anos-del-establecimiento-de-relaciones-diplomaticas|date=10 October 2023|access-date=22 October 2023 |website=gob.pe |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
|{{DTS|18 April 1825}}
|<ref name="colombia">{{Cite web |title=Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte|url=https://www.cancilleria.gov.co/internacional/politica/regiones/europa/gran-bretana|website=GOV.CO|access-date=8 February 2024|language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|{{DTS|12 May 1825}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biblioteca Digital de Tratados |url=https://tratados.cancilleria.gob.ar/busqueda.php |access-date=27 June 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|{{DTS|26 December 1826}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2014 |title=Relación bilateral México - Reino Unido |url=https://www.gob.mx/epn/articulos/relacion-bilateral-mexico-reino-unido |access-date=9 July 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Brazil}}
|{{Dts|17 August 1827}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos |publisher=United States Tariff Commission |year=1941 |pages=69 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|{{Dts|1 December 1830}}
|<ref name="belgium">{{Cite book |last=Francis W H Cavendish and Edward Hertslet |url=https://archive.org/details/foreign-office-list-1863-july/page/44/mode/1up?q=Foreign+Office+List |title=The Foreign Office List forming a complete British Diplomatic and Consular Handbook 1863 July. 23rd Publication | date=July 1863 |publisher=1863-07 |page=44 |access-date=2 January 2024}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Greece}}
|{{Dts|1 January 1833}}
|<ref name="greece">{{Cite book |last=Francis W H Cavendish; Edward Hertslet |url=https://archive.org/details/foreign-office-list-1857/page/34/mode/1up |title=The Foreign Office List 1857 9th Publication [Great Britain] |publisher=1857 |pages=34 |access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Venezuela}}
|{{Dts|29 October 1834}}
|<ref name="venezuela">{{Cite book |last=Espinal |first=V. |title=Coleccion general de los tratados públicos celebrados por Colombia y Venezuela con varias naciones de Europa y America: desde el Tratado de armisticio con el ejercito español hasta el ultimamente concluido con S.M.B. sobre abolicion del trafico de esclavos |pages=86 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Serbia}}
|{{dts|30 January 1837}}
|<ref name="serbia">{{cite web |last=Karlicic |first=Miljkan |date=2021 |title=An Overview of The History of Serbian-British Relations |url=https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0409-2953/2021/0409-29532102045K.pdf |access-date=24 December 2021 |page=4}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Guatemala}}
|{{dts|12 July 1837}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Relaciones Diplomáticas de Guatemala |url=https://www.minex.gob.gt/DirectorioPaisesRelacion.aspx |access-date=24 July 2021 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Bolivia}}
|{{Dts|29 September 1840}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos |publisher=United States Tariff Commission |year=1941 |pages=39 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Ethiopia}}
|{{dts|1841}}
|<ref name="ethiopia">{{Cite web |date=18 January 2015|title=Addis Ababa |url=https://roomfordiplomacy.com/addis-ababa/ |access-date=5 February 2024|website=Room for Diplomacy |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Uruguay}}
|{{Date table sorting|15 July 1842}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Tratados y convenios internacionales: Suscritos por el Uruguay en el período mayo de 1830 a diciembre de 1870 |publisher=República Oriental del Uruguay, Cámara de Senadores |year=1993 |pages=507 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Costa Rica}}
|{{dts|28 February 1848}}
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Política Bilateral |url=https://www.rree.go.cr/?sec=exterior&cat=politica |access-date=6 July 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Honduras}}
|{{Dts|16 June 1849}}
|<ref name="honduras">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_4toNAAAAQAAJ/page/n69/mode/1up |title=The foreign officer list and diplomatic and consular hand book january 1877 |date=23 February 1877 |publisher=1877 |pages=44}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Liberia}}
|{{dts|1 August 1849}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Treaty of Friendship and Commerce between Great Britain and Liberia |url=https://api.parliament.uk/uk-treaties/treaties/6162 |access-date=12 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Dominican Republic}}
|{{Date table sorting|6 March 1850}}
|<ref name="dominicanrepublic">{{Cite journal |last=Mario J. Gallego |first=Cosme |date=2014 |title=CONTEXTO HISTÓRICO E INTERNACIONAL DE LAS RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA CON ESPAÑA DURANTE LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX1 |url=https://www.urjc.es/images/ceib/revista_electronica/vol_8_2014_2/REIB_08_02_Mario_J_Gallego.pdf |journal=Revista Electrónica Iberoamericana |language=es |pages=5–6}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Ecuador}}
|{{Dts|29 January 1853}}
|<ref name="ecuador">{{Cite book |title=Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos |publisher=United States Tariff Commission |year=1941 |pages=169 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Paraguay}}
|{{Dts|2 November 1853}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos |publisher=United States Tariff Commission |year=1941 |pages=250 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Chile}}
|{{Dts|4 October 1854}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=British and Foreign State Papers |publisher=Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office |year=1865 |pages=47}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Thailand}}
|{{Dts|18 April 1855}}
|<ref name="thailand">{{Cite web |title=สหราชอาณาจักรเกรตบริเตน และนอร์เทิร์นไอร์แลนด์ (United Kingdom)|url=https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content/5d5bd21215e39c3060027be3?cate=5f1aba0039164819fc32c0ba|access-date=4 March 2024|language=thai|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504075339/https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content/5d5bd21215e39c3060027be3?cate=5f1aba0039164819fc32c0ba|archive-date=4 May 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Japan}}
|{{Date table sorting|26 August 1858}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Japan-UK 150 |url=https://www.uk.emb-japan.go.jp/japanuk150/japanuk150/japanuk_e.html |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Nicaragua}}
|{{dts|22 February 1859}}
|<ref name="nicaragua">{{Cite book |last=Lévy |first=Pablo |title=Notas geográficas y económicas sobre la República de Nicaragua ...: y una exposicion completa de la cuestion del canal interoceánico y de la de inmigracion, con una lista bibliográfica, las mas completa hasta el dia, de todos los libros y mapas relativos á la América central y general y á Nicarrgua [!] en particular |year=1873 |pages=339 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Italy}}
|{{dts|13 April 1859}}
|<ref name="italy">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nUjwdW92WjYC&dq=Antonio+Maria+Migliorati+ministro+residente+italia+en+Equatore++25+febbraio+1864&pg=PA55 |title=Annuario diplomatico del Regno d'Italia ... |publisher=Italia : Ministero degli affari esteri |year=1886 |pages=55 |language=it |access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Haiti}}
|{{dts|13 May 1859}}
|<ref name="haiti">{{Cite book |last=Francis W H Cavendish and Edward Hertslet |url=https://archive.org/details/foreign-office-list-1863-july/page/46/mode/1up?q=Foreign+Office+List |title=The Foreign Office List forming a complete British  Diplomatic and Consular Handbook 1863 July.  23rd Publication |publisher=1863-07 |pages=46 |access-date=14 October 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Bulgaria}}
|{{dts|23 July 1879}}
|<ref name=":15">{{cite web |title=Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005) |url=http://filip-nikolov.com/files/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F.doc |language=bg}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Luxembourg}}
|{{dts|27 November 1879}}
|<ref name=":10">{{Cite book |title=The Foreign Office List and Diplomatic and Consular Year Book |publisher=Harrison |year=1912 |pages=452–453}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Romania}}
|{{dts|20 February 1880}}
|<ref name="romania">{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations of Romania |url=https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2187|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Romania|access-date=2 July 2022}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|El Salvador}}
|{{Date table sorting|1883}}
|<ref name="elsalvador">{{Cite web |title=REGISTRO DE FECHAS DE ESTABLECIMIENTO DE RD |url=https://www.transparencia.gob.sv/institutions/rree/documents/338286/download |access-date=9 March 2022 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Cuba}}
|{{dts|20 May 1902}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2022 |title=Cuba and UK mark 120 years of diplomatic relations |url=http://www.cubanews.acn.cu/world/17539-cuba-and-uk-mark-120-years-of-diplomatic-relations |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Norway}}
|{{Dts|6 November 1905}}
|<ref name="norway">{{cite web |date=27 April 1999 |title=Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf |access-date=18 October 2021 |website=regjeringen.no |language=no}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Panama}}
|{{dts|1908|4|9|format=dmy}}
|<ref name="date">{{cite web |title=RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ |url=http://www.mire.gob.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/Trasnsparencia/gestion-anual-2011-2012.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806131148/https://mire.gob.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/Trasnsparencia/gestion-anual-2011-2012.pdf |archive-date=6 August 2020 |access-date=30 November 2021 |page=195}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Egypt}}
|{{dts|19 December 1914}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Countries E |url=http://rulers.org/rule.html#egypt |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Finland}}
|{{Dts|28 March 1918}}
|<ref name="finland">{{cite web |title=United Kingdom of Great Britain|url=http://formin.finland.fi/public/default.aspx?nodeid=17219&culture=en-US|work=Ministry for Foreign Affairs for Finland|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010005014/http://formin.finland.fi/public/default.aspx?nodeid=17219&culture=en-US&contentlan=2|archive-date=10 October 2017|access-date=3 March 2024}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Poland}}
|{{dts|15 July 1919}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wielka Brytania |url=https://www.gov.pl/web/wielkabrytania/relacje-dwustronne |access-date=13 July 2023 |language=pl}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Czech Republic}}
|{{dts|3 September 1919}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Scott-Keltie |first1=John |title=The Statesman's Year-Book |last2=Epstein |first2=Mortimer |publisher=Springer |year=2016 |pages=774}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Hungary}}
|{{dts|22 May 1921}}
|<ref name="hungary">{{Cite news |date=13 September 2021 |title=Facebook-videóval tisztelegnek a brit–magyar kapcsolatok előtt|work=[[Magyar Nemzet]]|language=hu |url=https://magyarnemzet.hu/kulfold/2021/09/facebook-videoval-tisztelegnek-a-brit-magyar-kapcsolatok-elott |access-date=15 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930150054/https://magyarnemzet.hu/kulfold/2021/09/facebook-videoval-tisztelegnek-a-brit-magyar-kapcsolatok-elott|archive-date=30 September 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Albania}}
|{{dts|9 November 1921}}
|<ref name="albania">{{Cite web |title=Relations between Albania and United Kingdom |url=https://punetejashtme.gov.al/en/marredheniet-dypaleshe/marredheniet-shqiperi-mbreteri-e-bashkuar/|website=Republic of Albania {{!}} Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs|access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Afghanistan}}
|{{dts|22 November 1921}}
|<ref name="afghanistan">{{Cite x|last=Afghanistan|first=Ministry of Foreign Affairs|user=mfa_afghanistan|number=933277924706406400|date=22 November 2017|title=Today marks 96th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Afghanistan and United Kingdom|url=https://twitter.com/mfa_afghanistan/status/933277924706406400?s=20|access-date=30 January 2024}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Ireland}}
|{{dts|6 December 1922}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 October 2019 |title=Tim Healy first Governor General of Ireland |url=https://www.dublincity.ie/library/blog/tim-healy-first-governor-general-ireland |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Nepal}}
|{{DTS|21 December 1923}}
|<ref name="signed">{{cite book |last=Landon |first=P. |title=Nepal |publisher=Ratna Pustak Bhandar |year=1976 |location=Kathmandu |page=151}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Canada}}
|{{dts|1 July 1926}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Linwood |first=DeLong |date=January 2020 |title=A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019 |url=https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 |access-date=26 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|South Africa}}
|{{dts|17 March 1931}}
|<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 33699
| date = 17 March 1931
| page = 1802
}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Iraq}}
|{{dts|4 October 1932}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |last=Epstein |title=The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States |publisher=Springer |year=2016 |pages=1030}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Australia}}
|{{dts|March 1936}}
|<ref name=":7">{{Cite book |title=The Commonwealth Relations Office Year Book |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |year=1964 |volume=13 |pages=16}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|New Zealand}}
|{{dts|March 1939}}
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|{{Flag|Iceland}}
|{{dts|8 May 1940}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iceland - Establishment of Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.government.is/ministries/ministry-for-foreign-affairs/protocol/establishment-of-diplomatic-relations/ |access-date=1 August 2021 |website=Government of Iceland}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Lebanon}}
|{{dts|9 February 1942}}
|<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=THE LONDON GAZETTE, 16 JUNE, 1942 |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/35598/page/2652/data.pdf |access-date=13 July 2023 |page=2652}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Syria}}
|{{dts|9 February 1942}}
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|{{Flag|Jordan}}
|{{dts|17 June 1946}}
|<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |title=The Diplomatic Service List |publisher=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. |year=1970 |pages=136–149}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Philippines}}
|{{dts|4 July 1946}}
|<ref name="philembassy.uk">{{cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=http://philembassy-uk.org/bilateral-relations |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717062656/http://philembassy-uk.org/bilateral-relations |archive-date=17 July 2015 |access-date=17 July 2015 |publisher=[[Embassy of the Philippines, London]]}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Sri Lanka}}
|{{dts|22 October 1946}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations |url=https://mfa.gov.lk/dpl-relations/ |access-date=10 July 2022 |language=}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|India}}
|{{dts|November 1946}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{flag|Myanmar}}
|{{Date table sorting|7 July 1947}}
|<ref name="Myanmar">{{cite web |date= |title=Diplomatic relations |url=http://myanmarbsb.org/_site/diplomatic-relations/ |access-date=13 May 2022 |archive-date=14 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014192116/http://myanmarbsb.org/_site/diplomatic-relations/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Pakistan}}
|{{dts|14 August 1947}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Saudi Arabia}}
|{{dts|24 November 1947}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aldamer |first=Shafi |date=2001 |title=Saudi British relations, 1939-1953 |url=http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4386/1/4386_1906.pdf |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|{{dts|18 January 1949}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://overseas.mofa.go.kr/gb-ko/wpge/m_8369/contents.do|title=공관약사주 영국 대한민국 대사관|website=overseas.mofa.go.kr|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206172952/http://overseas.mofa.go.kr/gb-ko/wpge/m_8369/contents.do|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Israel}}
|{{dts|14 May 1949}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Indonesia}}
|{{dts|17 December 1949}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2022 |title=UK must build new long-term partnerships with countries that will shape the future |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2022/12/17/uk-must-build-new-long-term-partnerships-with-countries-that-will-shape-the-future.html |website=The Jakarta Post |access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Yemen}}
|{{dts|9 December 1951}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Libya}}
|{{dts|24 December 1951}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Cambodia}}
|{{dts|15 May 1952}}
|<ref name="cambodia">{{Cite web |title=LIST OF MEMBER STATES OF THE UNITED NATIONS (193) HAVING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH CAMBODIA |url=https://www.mfaic.gov.kh/page/2021-02-10-LIST-OF-MEMBER-STATES-OF-THE-UNITED-NATIONS--193--HAVING-DIPLOMATIC-RELATIONS-WITH-CAMBOIDA |access-date=2 October 2021 |website=Kingdom of Cambodia {{!}} Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Cooperation}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Laos}}
|{{dts|5 September 1955}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations |url=http://www.mofa.gov.la/index.php/lo/2015-04-07-02-45-52/1950 |access-date=30 June 2021 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Laos}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Sudan}}
|{{dts|3 March 1956}}
|<ref name="sudan">{{Cite book |title=Sudan Almanac |publisher=Republic of the Sudan |year=1957 |pages=27}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Tunisia}}
|{{dts|19 June 1956}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Morocco}}
|{{dts|28 June 1956}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Ghana}}
|{{dts|March 1957}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Malaysia}}
|{{dts|31 August 1957}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senarai tarikh penubuhan hubungan diplomatik Malaysia dan negara - negara luar |url=https://www.data.gov.my/data/dataset/30411e5d-8c25-47fb-940e-0d51149afe20/resource/fc684f56-c8bb-4f65-ab65-8eb5e68c9b5d/download/01-tarikh-penubuhan-hubungan-diplomatik-malaysia.xlsx |access-date=13 November 2021 |language=ms |archive-date=13 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113141021/https://www.data.gov.my/data/dataset/30411e5d-8c25-47fb-940e-0d51149afe20/resource/fc684f56-c8bb-4f65-ab65-8eb5e68c9b5d/download/01-tarikh-penubuhan-hubungan-diplomatik-malaysia.xlsx |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Guinea}}
|{{dts|28 May 1959}}
|<ref name="guinea">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9ofAAAAMAAJ&dq=Guinea+1959+Guy+Hamilton+Clarke,+amb.+ex.+and+plen.+May+28&pg=PA485 |title=The Foreign Office List and Diplomatic and Consular Year Book for ... Volume 137 |publisher=Great Britain. Foreign Office |year=1964 |pages=485}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Cameroon}}
|{{dts|1 February 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Togo}}
|{{dts|27 April 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
|{{dts|7 July 1960}}
|<ref name="drcongo">{{Cite book |title=East Africa and Rhodesia - Volume 36 |publisher=Africana |year=1960 |pages=1070}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Somalia}}
|{{dts|7 July 1960}}
|<ref name="somalia">{{cite web |title=Our Diplomatic Relations |url=http://www.mfa.somaligov.net/Diplomatic%20Relations.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724073959/http://www.mfa.somaligov.net/Diplomatic%20Relations.html |archive-date=24 July 2011 |access-date=3 February 2024 |work=Government of Somalia}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Cyprus}}
|{{dts|16 August 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Senegal}}
|{{dts|20 August 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Benin}}
|{{dts|6 October 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Burkina Faso}}
|{{dts|6 October 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Niger}}
|{{dts|6 October 1960}}
|<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=THE LONDON GAZETTE, 5ra MAY1961 |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/42346/page/3340/data.pdf |access-date=13 July 2023 |page=3340}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Ivory Coast}}
|{{dts|12 October 1960}}
|<ref name="ivorycoast">{{Cite web |title=Coopération Côte d'Ivoire- Royaume-Uni : L'ambassadeur Amani Sara a présenté ses Lettres de Créances à Sa Majesté la Reine Elizabeth II |url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/212816/politique/cooperation-cote-divoire--royaume-uni-lambassadeur-amani-sara-a-presente-ses-lettres-de-creances-a-sa-majeste-la-reine-elizabeth-ii|date=5 September 2021|access-date=31 January 2024|website=FratMat|language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Nigeria}}
|{{dts|October 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Mauritania}}
|{{dts|28 November 1960}}
|<ref name="mauritania">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SivwAAAAMAAJ |title=The Diplomatic Service List Volume 5 |publisher=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office |year=1970 |pages=142 |access-date=10 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Chad}}
|{{dts|9 December 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Central African Republic}}
|{{dts|9 December 1960}}
|<ref name=":9" />
|-
|{{Flag|Republic of the Congo}}
|{{dts|9 December 1960}}
|<ref name=":9" />
|-
|{{Flag|Gabon}}
|{{dts|9 December 1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Madagascar}}
|{{dts|1960}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Mali}}
|{{dts|22 March 1961}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Sierra Leone}}
|{{dts|April 1961}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Kuwait}}
|{{dts|8 November 1961}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Tanzania}}
|{{dts|December 1961}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Burundi}}
|{{dts|1 July 1962}}
|<ref name="burundi">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SivwAAAAMAAJ |title=The Diplomatic Service List Volume 5 |publisher=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office |year=1970 |pages=137 |access-date=27 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Rwanda}}
|{{dts|1 July 1962}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Jamaica}}
|{{dts|6 August 1962}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}
|{{dts|31 August 1962}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Uganda}}
|{{dts|9 October 1962}}
|<ref name="uganda">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=38cfAAAAMAAJ&dq=1962+(October+9)+David+Wathen+Strather+Hunt,&pg=PA131 |title=The Diplomatic Service List Volume 1 |publisher=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office |year=1966 |pages=131 |access-date=21 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Algeria}}
|{{dts|21 November 1962}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Mongolia}}
|{{Date table sorting|23 January 1963}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=LIST OF COUNTRIES MAINTAINING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH MONGOLIA |url=http://www.mfa.gov.mn/old/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/diplist-2020-draft-20200729.pdf |access-date=21 December 2021 |page=3 |archive-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928021439/http://www.mfa.gov.mn/old/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/diplist-2020-draft-20200729.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Kenya}}
|{{dts|12 December 1963}}
|<ref name="kenya">{{Cite book |title=Africa Digest - Volume 11 |publisher=Africa Publications Trust |year=1963 |pages=45}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Malawi}}
|{{dts|July 1964}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Malta}}
|{{dts|September 1964}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Zambia}}
|{{dts|17 October 1964}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Gambia}}
|{{dts|1 January 1965}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Maldives}}
|{{dts|26 July 1965}}
|<ref name="maldives">{{Cite web |date=11 May 2023 |title=Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.gov.mv/en/files/dpl-full-country-list-as-of-11-may-2023--8993.pdf |access-date=7 July 2023 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Maldives |archive-date=29 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629032804/https://www.gov.mv/en/files/dpl-full-country-list-as-of-11-may-2023--8993.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|{{dts|12 November 1965}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic & consular list |url=https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx |access-date=11 July 2022 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore |page=}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Guyana}}
|{{dts|26 May 1966}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Botswana}}
|{{dts|30 September 1966}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Barbados}}
|{{dts|30 November 1966}}
|<ref name="barbados">{{Cite web |url=http://foreign.gov.bb/documents/foreign-policy/22-countries-with-diplomaic-relations-with-barbados/file |title=LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH WHICH BARBADOS HAS DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BY REGIONS |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (Barbados) |access-date=1 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813184054/https://www.foreign.gov.bb/documents/foreign-policy/22-countries-with-diplomaic-relations-with-barbados/file |archive-date=13 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Lesotho}}
|{{dts|4 October 1966}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Mauritius}}
|{{dts|12 March 1968}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Eswatini}}
|{{dts|September 1968}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
|{{dts|1968}}
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|{{Flag|Tonga}}
|{{Dts|4 June 1970}}
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |title=The Diplomatic Service List |publisher=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. |year=1985 |isbn=9780115916571 |pages=83–99}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Samoa}}
|{{dts|September 1970|format=dmy}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Countries with Established Diplomatic Relations with Samoa |url=http://www.mfat.gov.ws/embassies/countries-with-established-diplomatic-relations-with-samoa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214005624/https://www.mfat.gov.ws/embassies/countries-with-established-diplomatic-relations-with-samoa/ |archive-date=14 February 2020 |access-date=19 August 2018 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Samoa}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Fiji}}
|{{DTS|10 October 1970}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Formal diplomatic relations list |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.gov.fj/images/FDR_LIST_version_of_6_June_2016.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827171052/http://www.foreignaffairs.gov.fj/images/FDR_LIST_version_of_6_June_2016.pdf |archive-date=27 August 2019 |access-date=31 March 2018}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Oman}}
|{{dts|21 May 1971}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{flag|Bahrain}}
|{{dts|21 August 1971}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=73&language=en-US |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505195337/https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=73&language=en-US |archive-date=5 May 2012 |access-date=15 May 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Qatar}}
|{{dts|6 September 1971}}
|<ref name="qatar">{{London Gazette
|issue = 45588|date = 1 February 1972|page = 1282}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
|{{dts|2 December 1971}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=THE LONDON GAZETTE, 1ST FEBRUARY 1972 |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/45588/page/1283/data.pdf |access-date=13 July 2023 |page=1283}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|China}}
|{{dts|13 March 1972}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 September 2020 |title=UK-China relations: a timeline |url=https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8988/CBP-8988.pdf |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Bangladesh}}
|{{Dts|18 April 1972}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Bahamas}}
|{{Dts|7 July 1973}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Vietnam}}
|{{dts|11 September 1973}}
|<ref name="vietnam">{{Cite web|title=Europe|date=14 July 2014|url=https://lamdong.gov.vn/sites/lderd/operationnotes/countriesandregions/SitePages/europe.aspx|access-date=29 April 2023|work=Lamdong Foreign Affairs Department}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Grenada}}
|{{Dts|7 February 1974}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Guinea-Bissau}}
|{{Dts|12 March 1975}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Mozambique}}
|{{dts|1 September 1975}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Southern African Political History A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997 |publisher=Greenwood Press |year=1999 |pages=216}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Papua New Guinea}}
|{{Date table sorting|16 September 1975}}
|<ref name=":05">{{Cite book |title=Guidelines of the Foreign Policy of Papua New Guinea: Universalism |publisher=Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Papua New Guinea |year=1976 |pages=55 |language=English}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Suriname}}
|{{dts|31 March 1976|format=dmy}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lijst van Diplomatieke Betrekkingen en Visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten |url=http://www.gov.sr/media/12102008/lijst-van-diplomatieke-betrekkingen-en-visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416134520/http://www.gov.sr/media/12102008/lijst-van-diplomatieke-betrekkingen-en-visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten.pdf |archive-date=16 April 2019 |access-date=22 December 2021 |website=gov.sr |language=nl}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Seychelles}}
|{{dts|June 1976}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Commonwealth Yearbook |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |year=1991 |pages=20}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Cape Verde}}
|{{dts|17 May 1977}}
|<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last1=Muzart-Fonseca dos Santos |first1=Idelette |title=Les îles du Cap-Vert: langues, mémoires, histoire |last2=Manuel Da Costa Esteves |first2=José |last3=Rolland |first3=Denis |publisher=[[L'Harmattan]] |year=2007 |pages=239–240 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Comoros}}
|{{Date table sorting|3 October 1977}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Revue française d'études politiques africaines Issues 138-144 |publisher=Société africaine d'édition |year=1977 |pages=10 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Angola}}
|{{dts|14 October 1977}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations between Angola and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland as of 14 Oct. 1977 | date=14 October 1977 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1485923?ln=en |access-date=12 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Nauru}}
|{{DTS|1 December 1977}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Djibouti}}
|{{dts|25 January 1978}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa, Issues No. 1890 |publisher=United States. Joint Publications Research Service |year=1978 |pages=10}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Solomon Islands}}
|{{DTS|7 July 1978}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Tuvalu}}
|{{DTS|1 October 1978}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Dominica}}
|{{DTS|13 December 1978}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |last=Paxton |first=John |title=The Stateman's Yearbook 1985–1986 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |pages=419}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Saint Lucia}}
|{{Dts|22 February 1979}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}
|{{DTS|3 December 1979}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Kiribati}}
|{{DTS|12 July 1979}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
|{{Date table sorting|27 October 1979}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Zimbabwe}}
|{{Dts|18 April 1980}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Vanuatu}}
|{{Dts|30 July 1980}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Belize}}
|{{Date table sorting|21 September 1981}}
|<ref name="belize">{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations |url=http://www.mfa.gov.bz/images/documents/DIPLOMATIC%20RELATIONS.pdf|work=The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade {{!}} Belize|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230194831/http://www.mfa.gov.bz/images/documents/DIPLOMATIC%20RELATIONS.pdf |archive-date=30 December 2017 |access-date=19 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
|{{Dts|1 November 1981}}
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{Flag|Holy See}}
|{{dts|16 January 1982}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations of the Holy See |url=https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php |access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
|{{Date table sorting|19 September 1983}}
|<ref name=":04">{{cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.foreign.gov.kn/2906-2/ |access-date=1 April 2021 |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Saint Kitts and Nevis}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Brunei}}
|{{Date table sorting|14 March 1984}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |last=Paxton |title=The Statesman's Year-Book 1990-91 |publisher=Springer |year=2016 |pages=242}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Namibia}}
|{{Date table sorting|March 1990}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Yearbook of the International Law Commission |year=2002 |pages=93}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Lithuania}}
|{{dts|4 September 1991}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations |url=https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110123939/https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations |archive-date=10 January 2022 |access-date=10 January 2022 |website=}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Estonia}}
|{{dts|5 September 1991}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 January 2018 |title=Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia |url=https://www.vm.ee/rahvusvaheline-suhtlus-uleilmne-eestlus/suhted-teiste-riikidega/diplomaatiliste-suhete |access-date=26 October 2022 |language=et}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Latvia}}
|{{dts|5 September 1991}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2021 |title=Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations |url=https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/dates-establishment-and-renewal-diplomatic-relations |access-date=5 October 2022 |website=mfa.gov.lv}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Ukraine}}
|{{dts|10 January 1992}}
|<ref name="Europe">{{cite web |title=European countries |url=https://mfa.gov.ua/en/about-ukraine/bilateral-cooperation/european-countries |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720122956/https://mfa.gov.ua/en/about-ukraine/bilateral-cooperation/european-countries |archive-date=20 July 2019 |accessdate=23 August 2019 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Tajikistan}}
|{{dts|15 January 1992}}
|<ref name="tajikistan">{{Cite web |title=LIST OF STATES WITH WHICH THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS |url=https://mfa.tj/uploads/main/2022/12/12-12-2022-11-21.pdf |access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Moldova}}
|{{dts|17 January 1992}}
|<ref name="moldova">{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=https://mfa.gov.md/ro/content/regatul-unit-al-marii-britanii-si-irlandei-de-nord|access-date=4 February 2024 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration of the Republic of Moldova|language=Romanian}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Slovenia}}
|{{dts|17 January 1992}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Đogić |first=Mojca Pristavec |date=September 2016 |title=Priznanja samostojne Slovenije |url=https://fotogalerija.dz-rs.si/datoteke/Publikacije/Zborniki_RN/2016/Priznanja_samostojne_Slovenije_.pdf |access-date=11 July 2023 |language=sl}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Kazakhstan}}
|{{Date table sorting|19 January 1992}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Страны, установившие дипломатические отношения с Республикой Казахстан |url=http://mfa.kz/ru/content-view/spisok-stran-ustanovivshikh-diplomaticheskie-otnosheniya-s-rk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220233503/http://mfa.kz/ru/content-view/spisok-stran-ustanovivshikh-diplomaticheskie-otnosheniya-s-rk |archive-date=20 February 2020 |access-date=30 April 2022 |language=ru}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Armenia}}
|{{dts|20 January 1992}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |url=https://www.mfa.am/en/bilateral-relations/gb |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Turkmenistan}}
|{{dts|23 January 1992}}
|<ref name="turkmenistan">{{Cite web |title=STATES WITH WHICH TURKMENISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS |url=https://www.mfa.gov.tm/en/articles/55?breadcrumbs=no|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508101911/https://www.mfa.gov.tm/en/articles/55?breadcrumbs=no |archive-date=8 May 2019 |access-date=13 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Belarus}}
|{{dts|27 January 1992}}
|<ref name="belarus">{{Cite web |title=Political Dialogue |url=https://uk.mfa.gov.by/en/bilateral_relations/political/|work=Embassy of Belarus in the United Kingdom|access-date=29 July 2021}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Marshall Islands}}
|{{DTS|2 February 1992}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=LISTING OF ALL COUNTRIES WHICH HAVE ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS (As of 13 February 2019) |url=https://www.rmiembassyus.org/about-2 |access-date=29 November 2021 |archive-date=18 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718175857/https://www.rmiembassyus.org/about-2 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Uzbekistan}}
|{{dts|18 February 1992}}
|<ref name="uzbekistan">{{Cite web |title=STATES WITH WHICH THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS |url=https://mfa.uz/en/pages/strani-kotoriye-uzbekistan-ustanovil-diplomaticheskiye-otnosheniya|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan|language=Uzbek|access-date=15 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719154253/https://mfa.uz/en/pages/strani-kotoriye-uzbekistan-ustanovil-diplomaticheskiye-otnosheniya|archive-date=19 July 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Azerbaijan}}
|{{dts|11 March 1992}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Foreign policy - bilateral relations |url=https://mfa.gov.az/en/category/bilateral-relations |access-date=3 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
|{{Date table sorting|13 April 1992}}
|<ref name="bosnia">{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=Datumi priznanja i uspostave diplomatskih odnosa |url=https://mvp.gov.ba/vanjska_politika_bih/bilateralni_odnosi/datumi_priznanja_i_uspostave_diplomatskih_odnosa/?id=6 |access-date=26 April 2022 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina |language=bs}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Georgia}}
|{{dts|27 April 1992}}
|<ref name="georgia">{{cite web|title=Relations between Georgia and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=287&lang_id=ENG|website=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Georgia)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia]]|access-date=26 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108064509/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=287&lang_id=ENG|archive-date=8 November 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Liechtenstein}}
|{{dts|May 1992}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Diplomatic Service List |publisher=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office |year=1997 |pages=127}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Croatia}}
|{{dts|24 June 1992}}
|<ref name="croatia">{{cite web |title=Bilateral relations - Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations |url=https://mvep.gov.hr/foreign-policy/bilateral-relations/date-of-recognition-and-establishment-od-diplomatic-relations/22800 |access-date=5 February 2022 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
|{{Date table sorting|1992|6|12|format=dmy}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения |url=https://mfa.gov.kg/kg/osnovnoe-menyu/vneshnyaya-politika/mezhdunarodnye-dogovory/spisok-stran-s-kotorymi-ustanovleny-dipotnosheniya/spisok-stran-s-kotorymi-kr-ustanovil-diplomaticheskie-otnosheniya |access-date=10 October 2021 |language=ru}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Federated States of Micronesia}}
|{{Date table sorting|31 August 1992}}
|<ref name="Dates">{{cite web |title=FSM Diplomatic Relations List |url=http://www.fsmgov.org/diprel.html |access-date=13 November 2022 |publisher=Government of the Federated States of Micronesia}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Slovakia}}
|{{Dts|1 January 1993}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Štáty a teritóriá |url=https://www.mzv.sk/staty |access-date=26 May 2023 |language=sk}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Eritrea}}
|{{Dts|16 November 1993}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=Eritrea Update, August 1993-2 |publisher=Provisional Government of Eritrea (EPLF), Mission to the USA and Canada}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|North Macedonia}}
|{{Date table sorting|16 December 1993}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=http://www.mfa.gov.mk/default1.aspx?ItemID=310 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930040551/http://www.mfa.gov.mk/default1.aspx?ItemID=310 |archive-date=30 September 2011 |access-date=3 April 2021 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of North Macedonia}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Andorra}}
|{{Date table sorting|9 March 1994}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Diplomatic relations |url=https://www.exteriors.ad/en/101-continguts-angles/diplomatic-representations/diplomatic-relations |access-date=3 July 2021 |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Andorra}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Palau}}
|{{Date table sorting|16 August 1996}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Countries with which Palau has Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/migrated/oia/islands/upload/PalauDipRelations.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317135821/https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/migrated/oia/islands/upload/PalauDipRelations.pdf |archive-date=17 March 2016 |access-date=4 April 2022 |publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Cook Islands}}
|{{Date table sorting|4 December 1997}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2020 |title=Reference: FS50870253 |url=https://ico.org.uk/media/action-weve-taken/decision-notices/2020/2617229/fs50870253.pdf |access-date=14 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|San Marino}}
|{{Dts|18 November 1998}}
|<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Rapporti bilaterali della Repubblica di San Marino |url=https://www.esteri.sm/pub2/EsteriSM/Relazioni-Internazionali/Rapporti-Bilaterali.html |access-date=15 December 2021 |language=it}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|North Korea}}
|{{Date table sorting|12 December 2000}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |last=An |first=Chʻung-yŏng |title=North Korea: Development Report, 2002-03 |year=2003 |pages=564}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|East Timor}}
|{{DTS|20 May 2002}}
|<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Diplomatic Service List |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |year=2006 |pages=134}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Montenegro}}
|{{dts|2006|6|13|format=dmy}}
|<ref name="mfa">{{cite web |title=Tabela priznanja i uspostavljanja diplomatskih odnosa |url=https://mvp.gov.me/rubrike/bilateralni-odnosi/Tabela-priznanja-i-uspostavljanja-diplomatskih-odn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213235103/https://mvp.gov.me/rubrike/bilateralni-odnosi/Tabela-priznanja-i-uspostavljanja-diplomatskih-odn |archive-date=13 February 2020 |access-date=16 April 2021 |work=Montenegro Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Monaco}}
|{{dts|21 September 2007}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Rapport de Politique Extérieure 2007 |url=https://www.gouv.mc/Action-Gouvernementale/Monaco-a-l-International/Publications/Rapports-de-Politique-Exterieure |accessdate=11 October 2020 |page=44 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Kosovo}}
|{{Date table sorting|18 February 2008}}
|<ref name="Visoka2">{{cite book |author1=Gëzim Visoka |title=Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood |date=2018 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781138285330 |location=Abingdon |pages=219–221}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|South Sudan}}
|{{dts|9 July 2011}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Appointment of Her Majesty's Ambassador to the Republic of South Sudan |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/appointment-of-her-majestys-ambassador-to-the-republic-of-south-sudan |access-date=20 June 2023 |website=gov.uk}}</ref>
|}

== Bilateral relations ==

=== Africa ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;" | Country
! style="width:12%;" | Formal relations began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Algeria}}||{{Date table sorting|1962}}||See [[Foreign relations of Algeria]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Botswana}}||{{Date table sorting|1966}}||See [[Botswana–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Botswana|diplomatic relations with Botswana]] on 30 September 1966.<ref name=":1"/>
*Botswana maintains a [[High Commission of Botswana, London|high commission]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.bw/ministries/ministry-foreign-affairs|title=Ministry of Foreign Affairs|work=GOV.BW|access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Botswana from its high commission in [[Gaborone]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone|title=British High Commission Gaborone|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed [[Bechuanaland Protectorate|Botswana]] from 1885 to 1966, when Botswana achieved [[Independence Day (Botswana)|independence]].

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]], as well as the [[Economic Partnership Agreements|SACUM-UK Economic Partnership Agreement]].<ref>{{cite news|date=11 September 2019|title=Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5|website=Reuters|access-date=29 January 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Burundi}}||{{Date table sorting|1962}}||See [[Foreign relations of Burundi]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Burundi|diplomatic relations with Burundi]] on 1 July 1962.<ref name="burundi" />

*Burundi maintains an [[Embassy of Burundi, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kinshasa|title=The Burundi Embassy|website=Embassy Of The Republic of Burundi In The United Kingdom Of Great Britain & Northern Ireland|access-date=27 January 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Burundi from its embassy office in [[Bujumbura]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-office-bujumbura|title=British Embassy Office Bujumbura|website=GOV.UK|access-date=27 February 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}||{{Date table sorting|1960}}||See [[Democratic Republic of the Congo–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of the Congo]] on 7 July 1960.<ref name="drcongo" />

* The Democratic Republic of the Congo maintains an [[Embassy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, London|embassy]] in London.
* The United Kingdom is accredited to the Democratic Republic of the Congo from its embassy in [[Kinshasa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kinshasa|title=British Embassy Kinshasa|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 January 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Egypt}}||{{Date table sorting|1922}}||See [[Egypt–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Ethiopia}}||{{Date table sorting|1841}}||See [[Ethiopia–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Ethiopia|diplomatic relations with Ethiopia]] in 1841.<ref name="ethiopia"/>

*Ethiopia maintains an [[Embassy of Ethiopia, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ethioembassy.org.uk/about-us/|title=About Us|access-date=5 February 2024|website=Embassy of Ethiopia, London}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Ethiopia from its embassy in [[Addis Ababa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-addis-ababa|title=British Embassy Addis Ababa|website=GOV.UK|access-date=5 February 2024}}</ref>

The UK administered [[Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (Ethiopia)|Ethiopia]] from 1941–1942. The UK continued to administered the regions of [[Anglo-Ethiopian Agreement#British Ogaden|Ogaden and Haud]] from 1941, until both territories were relinquished to Ethiopia in 1948 and 1955 respectively.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Guinea}}||{{Date table sorting|1959}}||See [[Foreign relations of Guinea]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Guinea|diplomatic relations with Guinea]] on 28 May 1959.<ref name="guinea"/>
*Guinea maintains an [[Embassy of Guinea, London|embassy]] in London.
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Guinea through its embassy in [[Conakry]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-conakry|title=British Embassy Conakry|work=GOV.UK|access-date=21 February 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Ivory Coast}}||{{Date table sorting|1960}}||See [[Foreign relations of Ivory Coast]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Ivory Coast|diplomatic relations with Ivory Coast]] on 12 October 1960.<ref name="ivorycoast"/>
*Ivory Coast maintains an [[Embassy of Ivory Coast, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ambaci.uk/en_gb/home/the-embassy/|title=The Embassy of Côte d'Ivoire|work=Côte d'Ivoire in the United Kingdom|access-date=31 January 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Ivory Coast through its embassy in [[Abidjan]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-abidjan|title=British Embassy Abidjan|work=GOV.UK|access-date=31 January 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/> Both countries are parties of the [[Economic Partnership Agreements|Ivory Coast-UK Economic Partnership Agreement]]: a [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|free trade agreement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/the-united-kingdom-and-cote-divoire-sign-economic-partnership-agreement|title=The United Kingdom and Côte d'Ivoire sign Economic Partnership Agreement|website=GOV.UK|date=15 October 2020|access-date=31 January 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Kenya}}||{{Date table sorting|1963}}||See [[Kenya–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Kenya|diplomatic relations with Kenya]] on 12 December 1963.<ref name="kenya"/>
*Kenya maintains a [[High Commission of Kenya, London|high commission]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kenyahighcom.org.uk/kenya-uk-relations|title=Home|work=Kenya High Commission London, United Kingdom|access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Kenya through its [[High Commission of the United Kingdom, Nairobi|high commission]] in [[Nairobi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nairobi|title=British High Commission Nairobi|website=GOV.UK|access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed [[Kenya Colony|Kenya]] from 1895 to 1963, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]], as well as the [[Economic Partnership Agreements|Kenya-UK Economic Partnership Agreement]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-kenya-britain-trade/kenya-agrees-new-trade-deal-with-britain-to-safeguard-investments-idUKKBN27J1S6/|title=Kenya agrees new trade deal with Britain to safeguard investments|website=Reuters|date=3 November 2020|access-date=1 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101005456/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-kenya-britain-trade/kenya-agrees-new-trade-deal-with-britain-to-safeguard-investments-idUKKBN27J1S6/|archive-date=1 January 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Liberia}}||{{Date table sorting|1847}}||See [[Liberia–United Kingdom relations]]
Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Libya}}||{{sort|9999|}}||See [[Libya–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Malawi}}||{{Date table sorting|1964}}||See [[Malawi–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Mauritania}}||{{Date table sorting|1960}}||See [[Foreign relations of Mauritania]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Mauritania|diplomatic relations with Mauritania]] on 28 November 1960.<ref name="mauritania" />

* Mauritania maintains an [[Embassy of Mauritania, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mauritania-embassy.uk/|title=Welcome|website=Embassy of Mauritania|access-date=23 January 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Mauritania through its embassy in [[Nouakchott]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-nouakchott|title=British Embassy Nouakchott|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 January 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Morocco}}||{{Date table sorting|1956}}||See [[Morocco–United Kingdom relations]]

According to some accounts, in the beginning of the 13th century King [[John of England]] (1167–1216) sent an embassy to the [[Almohad]] Sultan [[Muhammad al-Nasir]] (1199–1213), requesting military support and an alliance against France.<ref>''Britain and Morocco during the embassy of John Drummond Hay, 1845-1886'' by Khalid Ben Srhir, Malcolm Williams, Gavin Waterson p.13 [https://books.google.com/books?id=3Wf_Av7-hIoC&pg=PA13] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223033208/https://books.google.com/books?id=3Wf_Av7-hIoC&pg=PA13|date=23 December 2019}}</ref> At home, King John was faced with a dire situation, in which his Barons revolted against him, he had been excommunicated by the [[Pope]], and France was threatening to invade. The embassy of three was led by Bishop Roger, and King John supposedly offered to convert to Islam and pay a tribute to al-Nasir in exchange for his help. Al-Nasir apparently dismissed the proposal.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a22nrHMlQccC&pg=PA188|title=History of Islam (Vol 3)|author=[[Akbar Shah Khan Najibabadi]]|date=9 October 2017|publisher=Darussalam|via=Google Books|isbn=9789960892931|access-date=11 October 2016|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227233413/https://books.google.com/books?id=a22nrHMlQccC&pg=PA188|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Mozambique}}||{{Date table sorting|1975}}||See [[Foreign relations of Mozambique]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Namibia}}||{{Date table sorting|1990}}||See [[Namibia–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Rwanda}}||{{Date table sorting|1962}}||See [[Rwanda–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Rwanda|diplomatic relations with Rwanda]] on 1 July 1962.<ref name=":1"/>
*Rwanda maintains a [[High Commission of Rwanda, London|high commission]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rwandainuk.gov.rw/|title=Rwandan High Commission In United Kingdom|website=Rwanda in UK|access-date=7 March 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Rwanda from its high commission in [[Kigali]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kigali|title=British High Commission Kigali|website=GOV.UK|access-date=7 March 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Senegal}}||{{Date table sorting|1960}}||See [[Foreign relations of Senegal]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Senegal|diplomatic relations with Senegal]] on 20 June 1960.<ref name=":1" />

*Senegal maintains an [[Embassy of Senegal, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://senegal-embassy.uk/lambassade/presentation/|title=Présentation|website=Embassy of Senegal London|access-date=26 January 2024|language=french}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Senegal from its embassy in [[Dakar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dakar|title=British Embassy Dakar|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 January 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Somalia}}||{{Date table sorting|1960}}||See [[Somalia–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Somalia|diplomatic relations with Somalia]] on 7 July 1960.<ref name="somalia"/>
*Somalia does not maintain an embassy in London.
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Somalia through its [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Mogadishu|embassy]] in [[Mogadishu]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-mogadishu|title=British Embassy Mogadishu|work=GOV.UK|access-date=3 February 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed [[British Somaliland|Somaliland]] from 1884–1940 and 1941–1960,  [[State of Somaliland|Somaliland]] achieved full independence on 26 June 1960. The UK also administered the remaining territory of modern [[British Military Administration (Somaliland)|Somalia]] from 1941–1950, until it became an Italian [[Trust Territory of Somaliland|Trust Territory]]. Both of these territories unified on the 1 July 1960 to become Somalia.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Somaliland}}||''N/A''||See [[Somaliland–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK has not established [[Foreign relations of Somaliland|diplomatic relations with Somaliland]]; the UK does not recognise Somaliland to be a sovereign nation.
*Somaliland maintains a [[Mission of Somaliland, London|diplomatic mission]] in London.
* The United Kingdom does not have a diplomatic mission in Somaliland.

On 4 July 2023, [[Gavin Williamson]] proposed a bill to the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|UK Parliament]] that would invoke the UK to recognise the Republic of Somaliland.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.politics.co.uk/parliament/gavin-williamson-introduces-bill-on-somaliland-recognition/|title=Gavin Williamson introduces Bill on Somaliland recognition|date=4 July 2023|work=Politics.co.uk|access-date=1 January 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed [[British Somaliland|Somaliland]] from 1884–1940 and 1941–1960,  [[State of Somaliland|Somaliland]] achieved full independence on 26 June 1960. The [[Somaliland|Republic of Somaliland]] declared independence from Somalia on 18 May 1991.

|- valign="top"
|{{flag|South Africa}}||{{Date table sorting|1927}}||See [[South Africa–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Sudan}}||{{Date table sorting|1956}}||See [[Sudan–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Sudan|diplomatic relations with Sudan]] on 3 March 1956.<ref name="sudan"/>
*Sudan maintains an [[Embassy of Sudan, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sudanembassy.org.uk/about-the-embassy/|title=About The Embassy|work=Embassy of the Republic of Sudan, London|access-date=11 February 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Sudan through its embassy in [[Khartoum]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-khartoum|title=British Embassy Khartoum|work=GOV.UK|access-date=11 February 2024}}</ref> Due to the [[Battle of Khartoum (2023–present)|Battle of Khartoum]], the embassy has been temporarily relocated to [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=27 April 2023|title=UK Ambassador to Sudan deployed to Addis Ababa|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-ambassador-to-khartoum-deployed-to-addis-ababa|access-date=11 February 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed [[Anglo-Egyptian Sudan|Sudan]] from 1899 to 1956, when Sudan achieved full independence.<ref>{{Cite news|date=10 September 2019|title=Sudan profile - Timeline|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095300|access-date=11 February 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Tanzania}}||{{Date table sorting|1964}}||See [[Tanzania–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Uganda}}||{{Date table sorting|1962}}||See [[Uganda–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Uganda|diplomatic relations with Uganda]] on 9 October 1962.<ref name="uganda"/>
*Uganda maintains an [[High Commission of Uganda, London|high commission]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://london.mofa.go.ug/the-embassy|title=The High Commission|work=Uganda High Commission {{!}} London|access-date=9 February 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Uganda through its [[High Commission of the United Kingdom, Kampala|high commission]] in [[Kampala]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kampala|title=British High Commission Kampala|work=GOV.UK|access-date=9 February 2024}}</ref>

Uganda was a possession of the [[Imperial British East Africa Company]] from 1888 to 1893, until the IBEAC transferred its administration rights to the British Government. The UK governed [[Protectorate of Uganda|Uganda]] from 1894 to 1962, when Uganda achieved full [[Independence Day (Uganda)|independence]]. 

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Zambia}}||{{Date table sorting|1960}}||See [[United Kingdom–Zambia relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Zimbabwe}}||{{Date table sorting|1980}}||See [[United Kingdom–Zimbabwe relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Zimbabwe|diplomatic relations with Zimbabwe]] on 18 April 1980.<ref name=":3"/>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Zimbabwe through its embassy in [[Harare]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-harare|title=British Embassy Harare|work=GOV.UK|access-date=29 January 2024}}</ref>
*Zimbabwe maintains an [[Embassy of Zimbabwe, London|embassy]] in London.

Zimbabwe was a [[Company rule in Rhodesia|possession]] of the [[British South Africa Company]] from 1888 to 1923, until BSAC transferred its administration rights to the British Government. The UK governed [[Southern Rhodesia|Zimbabwe]] from 1923 to 1980, when Zimbabwe achieved full [[Independence Day (Zimbabwe)|independence]] under the [[Lancaster House Agreement]].

Both countries are parties of the [[Economic Partnership Agreements|Eastern and Southern Africa-UK Economic Partnership Agreement]]: a [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|free trade agreement]].<ref name="ESAUKEPA">{{cite web|title=UK signs Eastern and Southern Africa trade continuity agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-signs-eastern-and-southern-africa-trade-continuity-agreement|last=Hollingbery|first=George|date=31 January 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=29 December 2023}}</ref>
|}

=== Asia ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;" | Formal relations began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Afghanistan}}||{{Date table sorting|1921}}||See [[Afghanistan–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Afghanistan|diplomatic relations with Afghanistan]] on 22 November 1921.<ref name="afghanistan"/> The UK currently recognises the [[Politics of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan|Islamic Republic of Afghanistan government]], over the ''de facto'' [[Afghanistan|Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan]] government, as the legal administrator of the country.
*Afghanistan maintains an [[Embassy of Afghanistan, London|embassy]] in London.
* The United Kingdom was accredited to Afghanistan through its [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Kabul|embassy]] in [[Kabul]]. Following the [[fall of Kabul (2021)|fall of Kabul]] to [[Taliban]] forces in August 2021, the embassy has been operating from [[Doha]], [[Qatar]].<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Bowden|first1=George|last2=Wright|first2=Katie|date=29 August 2021|title=Afghanistan: British ambassador home as last UK troops leave|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-58372437|access-date=30 January 2024|quote=Sir Laurie said "for the time being" the UK embassy to Afghanistan would operate from Qatar but it would reopen as soon as possible"}}</ref>

The UK governed [[Emirate of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]] from [[Treaty of Gandamak|1879]]–[[Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919|1919]], until Afghanistan achieved full [[Independence Day (Afghanistan)|independence]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Armenia}}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mfa.am/en/country-by-country/gb/|title=UK - Bilateral Relations - Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia|website=www.mfa.am|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=15 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815182451/http://www.mfa.am/en/country-by-country/gb/|url-status=live}}</ref>||See [[Armenia–United Kingdom relations]]

* Armenia has an embassy in London<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mfa.am/en/by-countries/gb/|title=UK - Embassies - Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia|website=www.mfa.am|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406110000/http://mfa.am/en/by-countries/gb/|archive-date=6 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Yerevan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/armenia|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018090401/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/armenia|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Azerbaijan}}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Azerbaijan–United Kingdom relations]]

* Azerbaijan has an embassy in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.azembassy.org.uk/sehife.php?lang=eng&page=0501 |title=Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan |access-date=2012-11-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902002509/http://www.azembassy.org.uk/sehife.php?lang=eng&page=0501 |archive-date=2 September 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Baku.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/azerbaijan|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018090935/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/azerbaijan|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both countries are full members of the [[Council of Europe]] and the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] (OSCE).
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Bahrain }}||{{Date table sorting|1971}}||See [[Bahrain–United Kingdom relations]]
*  Bahrain has an embassy in London and the United Kingdom is only one of four European countries to have embassy in [[Manama]]. Bahrain gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1971 and has since maintained diplomatic and trade relations.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Bhutan}}||''N/A''||See [[Foreign relations of Bhutan]]
The UK has not established [[Foreign relations of Bhutan|diplomatic relations with Bhutan]]; the UK does recognise Bhutan to be a sovereign nation.
*The UK is accredited to Bhutan through its deputy high commission in [[Kolkata]], India.<ref>{{cite web|title=British Deputy High Commission Kolkata|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-deputy-high-commission-kolkata|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 March 2024}}</ref>

Relations between Bhutan and the UK date back to the 18th Century<ref name=bi>{{Country study|country=Bhutan|abbr=bt|editor=Savada, Andrea Matles|year=1991|section=British Intrusion, 1772–1907|last=Worden |first= Robert L|pd=yes}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Brunei}}||{{Date table sorting|1984}}||See [[Brunei–United Kingdom relations]]

In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate, gaining its independence from British rule less than 100 years later in 1984.

The UK and Brunei have a long-standing and strong bilateral relationship, particularly on defence co-operation, trade and education. The UK continues to play a strong role in developing Brunei's oil and gas sector, and the Brunei Investment Agency is a significant investor in the UK, with their largest overseas operations in the City of London. The UK remains the destination of choice for Bruneian students, with about 1,220 of them enrolled in higher education in the UK in 2006–07.

The United Kingdom has a high commission in [[Bandar Seri Begawan]], and Brunei has a high commission in London. Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Cambodia}}||{{Date table sorting|1952}}||See [[Cambodia–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Cambodia|diplomatic relations with Cambodia]] on 5 May 1952.<ref name="cambodia"/>
*Cambodia maintains an [[Embassy of Cambodia, London|embassy in London]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Home|work=Royal Embassy of Cambodia|url=https://www.cambodiaembassyuk.org/|access-date=16 February 2024}}</ref>
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Cambodia through its embassy in [[Phnom Penh]].<ref>{{cite web|title=British Embassy Phnom Penh|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-phnom-penh|access-date=16 February 2024}}</ref>
The UK broke off diplomatic relations with Cambodia in 1975, following the [[Fall of Phnom Penh]]; diplomatic relations were restored in 1991.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cambodianembassy.org.uk/index_main.php?lang=cam_Relations/Cambodia%20-%&mcat=0&menu=14&k=6&menu1=0 |title=Cambodia Relations with United Kingdom |work=Royal Embassy of Cambodia |access-date=16 February 2024|url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328073901/http://www.cambodianembassy.org.uk/index_main.php?lang=cam_Relations%2FCambodia%20-%25&mcat=0&menu=14&k=6&menu1=0 |archivedate=28 March 2014 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|China}}||{{Date table sorting|1954}}||See [[China–United Kingdom relations]]

Although on opposing sides of the Cold War, both countries were allies during World War II, and are members of the [[United Nations|UN]] and permanent members of the [[Security Council]]. But because of the Cold War, [[First Opium War|First]] and [[Second Opium War]], and the status of [[Hong Kong]], and other issues, China-UK relations at some points in history have been complicated, but better at other times.

In July 2019, the UN ambassadors from 22 nations, including United Kingdom, signed a joint letter to the [[United Nations Human Rights Council|UNHRC]] condemning China's mistreatment of the [[Uyghurs]] as well as its mistreatment of other minority groups, urging the Chinese government to close the [[Xinjiang re-education camps]].<ref>{{cite web |title=More than 20 ambassadors condemn China's treatment of Uighurs in Xinjiang |url=https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/11/more-than-20-ambassadors-condemn-chinas-treatment-of-uighurs-in-xinjiang |work=The Guardian |date=11 July 2019 |access-date=4 August 2019 |archive-date=14 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714102532/https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/11/more-than-20-ambassadors-condemn-chinas-treatment-of-uighurs-in-xinjiang |url-status=live }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Georgia}}||1992||See [[Georgia–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Georgia|diplomatic relations with Georgia]] on 27 April 1992.<ref name="georgia"/>
* Georgia maintains an embassy in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=413&lang_id=ENG |title=United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland|access-date=26 February 2024 |url-status=dead|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120603205636/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=413&lang_id=ENG |archive-date=3 June 2012}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Georgia through its embassy in [[Tbilisi]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tbilisi|title=British Embassy Tbilisi|access-date=26 February 2024|website=GOV.UK}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]]. The two countries also have a [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom|free trade agreement]].<ref>{{cite web|title=UK and Georgia sign trade continuity and strategic cooperation agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-georgia-sign-trade-continuity-and-strategic-cooperation-agreement|last=Truss|first=Elizabeth|date=21 October 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 February 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Hong Kong}}||''N/A''||See [[Hong Kong–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established modern [[Foreign relations of Hong Kong|diplomatic relations with Hong Kong]] on 1 July 1997. 
*Hong Kong is represented through the [[Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office, London|Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office]] in London.
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Hong Kong from its [[Consulate General of the United Kingdom, Hong Kong|Consulate General]] on [[Hong Kong Island]].<ref>{{cite web |title=British Consulate General Hong Kong|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-consulate-general-hong-kong|work=GOV.UK|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>

Hong Kong was a [[British Hong Kong| British colony]] from 1841–1997, apart from a period of [[Japanese occupation of Hong Kong|Japanese occupation]] from 1941–1945. Hong Kong's sovereignty was [[Handover of Hong Kong|transferred]] to the [[People's Republic of China]] in 1997.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|India}}||{{Date table sorting|1947}}||See [[India–United Kingdom relations]]

British India was a former colony of the British Empire. India has a high commission in London and two consulates-general in [[Birmingham]] and [[Edinburgh]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hcilondon.gov.in/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115052916/http://hcilondon.in/contactus.php|url-status=dead|title=Welcome to High Commission of India, London, UK|archive-date=15 January 2013|website=www.hcilondon.gov.in}}</ref> The United Kingdom has a high commission in New Delhi and three deputy high commissions in [[Mumbai]], [[Chennai]] and [[Kolkata]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinindia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|title=British High Commission New Delhi - GOV.UK|website=ukinindia.fco.gov.uk|access-date=25 March 2010|archive-date=16 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316085055/http://ukinindia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations|url-status=live}}</ref> Although the Sterling Area no longer exists and the Commonwealth is much more an informal forum, India and the UK still have many enduring links. This is in part due to the significant number of people of [[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|Indian origin]] living in the UK. The Asian population in the UK results in steady travel and communication between the two countries. The English language, the railways, the legal and parliamentary systems and cricket have been warmly adopted. Indian cuisines are popular in the UK.<ref name="Curry">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/northwest/series1/curry.shtml|title=THE NATION'S FAVOURITE DISH|publisher=BBC|date=2002-11-04|access-date=2009-11-21|archive-date=18 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200118023359/http://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/northwest/series1/curry.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> The United Kingdom's favourite food is often reported to be [[Indian cuisine]], although no official study reports this.<ref name="Curry"/>

Economically the relationship between Britain and India is also strong. The UK is the second largest investor in India after the US. India is also the fourth<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-slips-to-be-4th-largest-investor-into-uk/articleshow/59473832.cms|title=India slips to be 4th largest investor into UK|date=2017-07-06|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2018-11-06|archive-date=6 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106171850/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-slips-to-be-4th-largest-investor-into-uk/articleshow/59473832.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> largest investor in Britain after the US.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.itwire.com.au/content/view/6717/945/ |title=India becomes second largest investor in Britain |publisher=ITWire |date=2006-10-30 |author=Sufia Tippu |access-date=2009-11-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017132253/http://itwire.com.au/content/view/6717/945/ |archive-date=17 October 2007 |df=dmy }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6599693.stm|title=Indian investment in London jumps|publisher=BBC|date=2007-04-27|access-date=2009-11-21|archive-date=10 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010013035/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6599693.stm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dipp.nic.in/fdi_statistics/india_fdi_dec_2006.pdf |title=Central, FDI 2005–2006 statistics |publisher=Ministry Of Commerce, Government of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070315235742/http://dipp.nic.in/fdi_statistics/india_fdi_dec_2006.pdf |archive-date=15 March 2007 |df=dmy }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Indonesia }}||{{Date table sorting|1949}}||See [[Indonesia–United Kingdom relations]]

* Indonesia has an embassy in London,<ref name="indonesianembassy1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.indonesianembassy.org.uk/News/news_2010_03_27_jp_1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126112613/http://indonesianembassy.org.uk/News/news_2010_03_27_jp_1.html|url-status=dead|title=News-Indonesianembassy<!-- Bot generated title -->|archive-date=26 November 2010}}</ref> the United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Jakarta]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinindonesia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/our-embassy/|title=British Embassy Jakarta - GOV.UK|website=ukinindonesia.fco.gov.uk|access-date=27 April 2010|archive-date=12 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412010503/http://ukinindonesia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/our-embassy/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Iran }}||{{Date table sorting|1807}}||See [[Iran–United Kingdom relations]]

Iran, which was known as [[Persia]] before 1935, has had political relations with England since the late [[Ilkhanate]] period (13th century) when [[Edward I of England|King Edward I of England]] sent [[Geoffrey de Langley]] to the Ilkhanid court to seek an alliance.<ref>[[Patrick Clawson]]. ''Eternal Iran''. Palgrave 2005 {{ISBN|1-4039-6276-6}}, p.25</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Iraq }}||{{Date table sorting|1920}}||See [[Iraq–United Kingdom relations]]

[[Sanctions against Iraq]] from 1990 to 2003 prevented any form of economic relations with the United Kingdom and any other country for thirteen years. Ties between London and [[Baghdad]] are slowly progressing.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Israel}}||1948 ||See [[Israel–United Kingdom relations]]

The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Tel Aviv]] and a consul in [[Eilat]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinisrael.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/|title=British Embassy Tel Aviv - GOV.UK|website=ukinisrael.fco.gov.uk|access-date=27 February 2010|archive-date=12 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130212115155/http://ukinisrael.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Israel]] has an embassy and a consulate in London. The UK's closest partner in the Middle East is Israel, and Israel's closest partner in Europe is the UK.<ref>[http://london.mfa.gov.il/mfm/web/main/missionhome.asp?MissionID=34& The Israeli Government's Official Website, by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090329110344/http://london.mfa.gov.il/mfm/web/main/missionhome.asp?MissionID=34& |date=29 March 2009 }}</ref><ref>[http://london.mfa.gov.il/mfm/web/main/document.asp?DocumentID=168817&MissionID=34 The Israeli Government's Official Website, by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613162040/http://london.mfa.gov.il/mfm/web/main/document.asp?DocumentID=168817&MissionID=34 |date=13 June 2011 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Japan }}||{{Date table sorting|1854}}||See [[Japan–United Kingdom relations]]

Contact began in 1600 with the arrival of [[William Adams (sailor, born 1564)|William Adams]] (Adams the Pilot, ''Miura Anjin'') on the shores of [[Kyūshū]] at [[Usuki, Ōita|Usuki]] in [[Ōita Prefecture]]. During the [[Sakoku]] period (1641–1853) there were no relations. but with the impact of [[Industrial Revolution]], British [[Coats Group|thread company]] launched its business in 1907 and thrived. The treaty of 1854 saw the resumption of ties which, despite the hiatus of the Second World War, remain very strong in the present day.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Kazakhstan }}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Kazakhstan–United Kingdom relations]]

The United Kingdom opened an [[embassy]] in Kazakhstan in October 1992 and Kazakhstan opened an embassy in Britain in February 1996.<ref name=BASICS>[http://www.kazakhstanembassy.org.uk/cgi-bin/index/42 About the Embassy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080212082211/http://www.kazakhstanembassy.org.uk/cgi-bin/index/42 |date=12 February 2008 }} The Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland</ref> Kazakhstan's relations with the [[Western world|West]] have greatly improved in the last few years as [[Government of Kazakhstan|the Government]] has closely cooperated in the United States-led [[War on Terror]]. See also [[Counter-terrorism in Kazakhstan]]

Britain is the third-largest foreign investor in Kazakhstan with British companies making up 14 per cent of foreign direct investment. Over 100 British companies do business in Kazakhstan.<ref name=AKHMETOVRESIG>[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-2537093,00.html Analysis: Why the world cares about Kazakhstan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109020833/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/ |date=9 November 2020 }} The Times</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Kyrgyzstan–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Macao}}||''N/A''||See [[Foreign relations of Macao]]

There is no British Embassy in Macao. The Consulate-General in Hong Kong develops and maintains relations between the UK and Macao.<ref>{{cite web |title=British Embassy Macao|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-macao|work=GOV.UK|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Malaysia}}||{{Date table sorting|1957}}||See [[Malaysia–United Kingdom relations]]
[[Image:QueenYangIf74.jpg|right|thumb|The [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]] in a carriage with Queen [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom]] on the state visit to London, 1974]]

The United Kingdom has a high commission in [[Kuala Lumpur]], and Malaysia has a high commission in London. Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations. Both the UK and Malaysia are part of the Five Powers Defence Arrangements. Malaysia is a strong partner of Britain in the Far East. Britain has made numerous military sacrifices in guaranteeing a stable independent Malaysia, for example the [[Malaysian Emergency]] and the protection of the country during high tensions with Indonesia-Konfrontasi.

The Yang di-Pertuan Agong [[Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah]] paid a [[state visit]] to the United Kingdom in July 1974.<ref name="statevisitstouk">{{cite web|title=Ceremonies: State visits |url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4935.asp |publisher=Official web site of the British Monarchy |access-date=2008-11-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081106153300/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4935.asp |archive-date=6 November 2008 }}</ref> The Yang di-Pertuan Agong [[Sultan Azlan Shah of Perak]] paid a state visit to the United Kingdom in November 1993.<ref name="statevisitstouk" /> Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom paid state visits to Malaysia in October 1989, and in September 1998.<ref>{{cite web|title=Outward state visits made by the queen since 1952 |url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page4869.asp |publisher=Official web site of the British Monarchy |access-date=2008-11-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021220621/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4869.asp |archive-date=21 October 2008 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Maldives}}||{{Date table sorting|1965}}||See [[Foreign relations of the Maldives]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of the Maldives|diplomatic relations with the  Maldives]] on 26 July 1965.<ref name="maldives"/>
*The Maldives maintains a [[High Commission of the Maldives, London|high commission]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|title=About the High Commission|work=High Commission of the Republic of the Maldives {{!}} London|url=https://www.maldiveshighcommission.uk/index.php/highcommission/about-the-highcommission|access-date=18 February 2024}}</ref>
*The United Kingdom is accredited to the Maldives through its high commission in [[Malé]].<ref>{{cite web|title=British High Commission Malé|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-male|access-date=18 February 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed the [[History of the Maldives#Colonial Period|Maldives]] from 1796 to 1965, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]]. The two countries are currently negotiating a [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Negotiations|free trade agreement]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 May 2023|title=UK launches process to negotiate trade deal with the Republic of Maldives|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-launches-process-to-negotiate-trade-deal-with-the-republic-of-maldives|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 February 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Myanmar}}||{{Date table sorting|1947}}||See [[Myanmar–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Myanmar|diplomatic relations with Myanmar]] on 7 July 1947.<ref name="Myanmar"/>
*Myanmar maintains an [[Embassy of Myanmar, London|embassy]] in London.
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Myanmar through embassy in [[Yangon]].<ref>{{cite web|title=British Embassy Yangon|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-yangon|access-date=8 January 2024}}</ref>
The UK governed [[British rule in Burma|Myanmar]] from 1824–1948, aside from a period of [[Japanese occupation of Burma|Japanese occupation from 1942–1945]], it achieved full [[Burma Independence Act 1947|independence]].<ref name="ms">{{cite book|author=Martin Smith|year=1991|title=Burma – Insurgency and the Politics of Ethnicity|publisher=Zed Books|location=London and New Jersey}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Nepal}}||{{Date table sorting|1816}}||See [[Nepal–United Kingdom relations]]
Relations between the UK and Nepal have historically been friendly and there have been close links between the Royal Families. The UK is highly regarded in Nepal as a result of historical ties, development assistance and long-term support in the struggle for democratic peace in Nepal.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|North Korea}}||{{Date table sorting|2000}}||See [[North Korea–United Kingdom relations]]
* North Korea [[Embassy of North Korea, London|has an embassy]] in London.
* The United Kingdom [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Pyongyang|has an embassy]] in [[Pyongyang]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Oman}}||{{Date table sorting|1971}}||See [[Oman–United Kingdom relations]]
The relations between the United Kingdom and Oman are strong and strategic.<ref name=BBCOman>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8601011.stm|title=Oman 'seeks Eurofighter purchase'|date=2 April 2010|via=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2 April 2010|archive-date=26 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826161554/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8601011.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> In April 2010 the [[Politics of Oman|government of Oman]] stated that it wanted to buy [[Eurofighter Typhoon]]s from the UK.<ref name=BBCOman/> The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Mina al Fahal]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinoman.fco.gov.uk/en/|title=Oman and the UK - GOV.UK|website=ukinoman.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2 April 2010|archive-date=16 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316192946/http://ukinoman.fco.gov.uk/en/|url-status=live}}</ref> and Oman has an embassy in London.<ref>[http://www.omanembassy.org.uk/contactus.htm Oman Embassy in the UK] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325205550/http://www.omanembassy.org.uk/contactus.htm |date=25 March 2010 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Pakistan}}||{{Date table sorting|1947}}||See [[Pakistan–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Pakistan|diplomatic relations with Pakistan]] on 14 August 1947.<ref name=":1"/>
*Pakistan maintains an [[High Commission of Pakistan, London|high commission]] in London, as well as consulates in Birmingham, [[Bradford]], Glasgow, and Manchester.<ref>{{cite web|title=Home|work=Pakistan High Commission - London|url=https://www.phclondon.org/|access-date=29 February 2024}}</ref>
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Pakistan through its [[High Commission of the United Kingdom, Islamabad|high commission]] in [[Islamabad]], as well as a deputy high commission in [[Karachi]].<ref>{{cite web|title=British High Commission Islamabad|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-islamabad|access-date=29 February 2024}}</ref>
The UK governed Pakistan from 1824 to 1947, as part of the [[British Raj]] which also included modern day India and Bangladesh, until it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Palestine}}||''N/A''||See [[Palestine–United Kingdom relations]]

The United Kingdom maintains a consulate in [[Jerusalem]] which handles British relations with the [[Palestinian Authority]].<ref name="FCOPalestine">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/middle-east-north-africa/palestine-national-authority?profile=intRelations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524170105/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/middle-east-north-africa/palestine-national-authority/?profile=intRelations|url-status=dead|title=Country Profile: The Occupied Palestinian Territories|archive-date=24 May 2011}}</ref> The Foreign and Commonwealth Office states the "Consular district covers Jerusalem (West and East), the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza Strip|Gaza]]. As well as work on the Middle East Peace Process and other political issues, the consulate also promotes trade between the UK and the Occupied Palestinian Territories and manages an extensive programme of aid and development work. The latter is undertaken primarily by the DFID office in Jerusalem.".<ref name="FCOPalestine"/>

The Palestinian Authority is represented in London by [[Manuel Hassassian]], the Palestinian General Delegate to the United Kingdom.<ref name="FCOPalestine"/>
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Philippines}}||{{Date table sorting|1946}}
|See [[Philippines–United Kingdom relations]]
* The United Kingdom and the Philippines have good relations.
* The Philippines has been one of the UK's major recruitment countries for nurses and over 80,000 Filipino nurses and care-givers work in the UK. The total Philippine community in the UK is estimated to be about 150,000. There are estimated to be some 15,000 British nationals living in the Philippines. About 180,000 British nationals visit the Philippines annually.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Qatar}}||{{Date table sorting|1971}}||See [[Qatar–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Qatar|diplomatic relations with Qatar]] on 6 September 1971.<ref name="qatar"/>
*Qatar maintains an [[Embassy of Qatar, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Embassy|work=Qatar Embassy in London - United Kingdom|url=https://london.embassy.qa/en/embassy|access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref>
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Qatar through its embassy in [[Doha]].<ref>{{cite web|title=British Embassy Doha|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-doha|access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref>
The UK governed [[History of Qatar#British protectorate (1916–1971)|Qatar]] from 1916 to 1971, when it achieved full independence.

The UK and the [[Gulf Cooperation Council]], of which Qatar is a member, are negotiating a [[Gulf Cooperation Council–United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement|free trade agreement]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}||{{Date table sorting|1927}}||See [[Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK has an embassy in [[Riyadh]], consulate in [[Jeddah]] and trade office in [[Al Khobar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinsaudiarabia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/|title=British Embassy Riyadh - GOV.UK|website=ukinsaudiarabia.fco.gov.uk|access-date=27 February 2010|archive-date=9 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209112848/http://ukinsaudiarabia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/|url-status=live}}</ref> Saudi Arabia has an embassy and consulate in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.sa/Detail.asp?InSectionID=44&InNewsItemID=1737|title=Request Rejected|website=www.mofa.gov.sa|access-date=27 February 2010|archive-date=17 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200117193553/https://www.mofa.gov.sa/Detail.asp?InSectionID=44&InNewsItemID=1737|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Singapore}}||{{Date table sorting|1965}}||See [[Singapore–United Kingdom relations]]

Singapore and the United Kingdom share a friendly relationship since Singapore became independent from the United Kingdom in 1959. Singapore retained the [[Judicial Committee of the Privy Council]] as the final court of appeal up till 1989 (fully abolished in 1994) due to political reasons.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|South Korea}}||{{Date table sorting|1883}}<ref name=MOFA>{{Cite web|url=http://overseas.mofa.go.kr/gb-ko/wpge/m_8369/contents.do|title=공관약사주 영국 대한민국 대사관|website=overseas.mofa.go.kr|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206172952/http://overseas.mofa.go.kr/gb-ko/wpge/m_8369/contents.do|url-status=live}}</ref>||See [[South Korea–United Kingdom relations]]
* Formal relations between South Korea and the United Kingdom commenced on the 18 January 1949<ref name=MOFA /> although diplomatic ties go back to 1883.<ref name=gresham>{{cite web|url=http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/britains-relations-with-korea-a-personal-view|title=Britain's Relations with Korea: A Personal View|date=27 June 2014|publisher=Gresham College|first=Thomas|last=Harris|access-date=19 July 2015|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924023938/http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/britains-relations-with-korea-a-personal-view|url-status=live}}</ref> British military participation in the Korean War during the 1950s was significant, but relations between the two countries at the time were described as "tenuous", with relatively little known about each other. Commercial and trade relationships grew rapidly during the 1970s. During the [[Asian Financial Crisis]] in the late 1990s, the Queen made a state visit to South Korea which was well received at a time of crisis in the country. Today, there are strong economic and diplomatic links between the two countries.<ref name=gresham /> The United Kingdom has a visa scheme through which young South Koreans can live and work in the UK for two years.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/tier-5-youth-mobility/eligibility|title=Tier 5 (Youth Mobility Scheme) visa: Eligibility - GOV.UK|website=www.gov.uk|access-date=19 July 2015|archive-date=25 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425150000/https://www.gov.uk/tier-5-youth-mobility/eligibility|url-status=live}}</ref> There is a British embassy in [[Seoul]] and a [[South Korean embassy in London]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gbr.mofa.go.kr/english/eu/gbr/main/index.jsp|title=Embassy of the Republic of Korea in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|website=gbr.mofa.go.kr|access-date=19 July 2015|archive-date=15 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715154806/http://gbr.mofa.go.kr/english/eu/gbr/main/index.jsp|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/world/south-korea|title=South Korea and the UK - GOV.UK|website=www.gov.uk|access-date=15 July 2015|archive-date=16 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016033642/https://www.gov.uk/government/world/south-korea|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Sri Lanka}}||{{Date table sorting|1948}}||See [[Sri Lanka–United Kingdom relations]]
* President [[Maithripala Sirisena]] made an official visit to the United Kingdom in 2015 and met Prime Minister David Cameron and the queen.
* Prime Minister [[Ranil Wickramasinghe]] made an official visit in 2018 to meet Prime Minister [[Theresa May]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Syria}}||{{Date table sorting|1942}}||See [[Syria–United Kingdom relations]]
In 2001, positive relations were developed between Prime Minister Tony Blair and the Syrian government, as part of the War on Terror. Since the 2011 civil war, relations have deteriorated, and the UK was one of the first countries to recognise the opposition as the sole legitimate representative of the Syrian people.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Taiwan}}||''N/A''||See [[Taiwan–United Kingdom relations]]
* Due to the [[One China policy]] the United Kingdom doesn't recognise the [[Government of the Republic of China]] and all diplomatic relations between the two countries take place on an unofficial basis.
* Taiwan maintains the [[Taipei Representative Office in the U.K.]] in London with a branch office in [[Edinburgh]].
* The United Kingdom maintains the [[British Office Taipei]] in [[Taipei]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Tajikistan}}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Foreign relations of Tajikistan]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Tajikistan|diplomatic relations with Tajikistan]] on 15 January 1992.<ref name="tajikistan"/>
*Tajikistan maintains an [[Embassy of Tajikistan, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.tajembassy.org.uk/| title = Embassy of Tajikistan in the United Kingdom| access-date =15 January 2024| archive-date = 12 April 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210412055946/http://www.tajembassy.org.uk/| url-status = live}}</ref> 
*The UK is accredited to Tajikistan embassy in [[Dushanbe]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dushanbe|title = Embassy of the United Kingdom in Tajikistan|work=GOV.UK|access-date=15 January 2024|archive-date = 6 May 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210506203159/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dushanbe| url-status = live}}</ref> 
Both countries share common membership of the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Thailand}}||{{Date table sorting|1855}}
|See [[Thailand–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Thailand|diplomatic relations with Thailand]] on 18 April 1855.<ref name="thailand"/>
* Thailand maintains an [[Embassy of Thailand, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://london.thaiembassy.org/en/index|title=Home|website=Royal Thai Embassy in London, United Kingdom |access-date=4 March 2024}}</ref>
* The UK is accredited to Thailand through its [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Bangkok|embassy]] in [[Bangkok]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bangkok|title=British Embassy Bangkok|work=GOV.UK|access-date=4 March 2024}}</ref>

|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Turkey }}||{{Date table sorting|1793}}||See [[Turkey–United Kingdom relations]]

* Turkey has an embassy and a consulate general in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/ajax.tr.mfa?8tnNtorVLBlHkq0Nw5d7KBS10fmvwXxrpmMTwBCPTbiOArHmaJI2zw+3+xz6T0uC8QiOKZgqWP2dc%2FipMgOVbdTBiFUe07QC0mhz8i%2FmwRdA1islX9VQWwOAWiPjdFtV |title=Archived copy |access-date=28 December 2021 |archive-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824200936/https://www.mfa.gov.tr/ajax.tr.mfa?8tnNtorVLBlHkq0Nw5d7KBS10fmvwXxrpmMTwBCPTbiOArHmaJI2zw+3+xz6T0uC8QiOKZgqWP2dc%2FipMgOVbdTBiFUe07QC0mhz8i%2FmwRdA1islX9VQWwOAWiPjdFtV |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/ajax.tr.mfa?8tnNtorVLBlHkq0Nw5d7KBS10fmvwXxrpmMTwBCPTbiOArHmaJI2zw+3+xz6T0uCY9TTf9fIgsBJelfo+9GGBFMQc9l4LzK5A%2FXZgFQf4e%2FzP9sqsz4%2FN9qMcXbagLlhimsTYuwoTklI5EVm52zsGg=%3D |title=Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs |access-date=28 December 2021 |archive-date=26 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226185531/http://www.mfa.gov.tr/ajax.tr.mfa?8tnNtorVLBlHkq0Nw5d7KBS10fmvwXxrpmMTwBCPTbiOArHmaJI2zw+3+xz6T0uCY9TTf9fIgsBJelfo+9GGBFMQc9l4LzK5A%2FXZgFQf4e%2FzP9sqsz4%2FN9qMcXbagLlhimsTYuwoTklI5EVm52zsGg=%3D |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Ankara, a consulate general in Istanbul, a vice consulate in Antalya and a consulate in Izmir. The United Kingdom has honorary consulates in Adana, Bodrum, Fethiye and Marmaris.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-ankara|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018134728/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-ankara|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukinturkey.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|title=British Embassy Ankara - GOV.UK|website=ukinturkey.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=28 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028020624/http://ukinturkey.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|url-status=live}}</ref>
The United Kingdom is the second biggest importer of goods from Turkey, after Germany. Turkey exports around 8 per cent of its total goods to the United Kingdom.<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/turkey/ "World Fact Book - Turkey"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110073821/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/turkey/ |date=10 January 2021 }} ''cia.gov'' Link accessed 29/05/08</ref> Around 1,000,000 Britons take holidays in Turkey every year, while 100,000 Turks travel to the UK for business or pleasure.<ref>[http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1053446563612 "The UK and Turkey"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818214359/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1053446563612 |date=18 August 2007 }} ''britishembassy.gov.uk'' Link accessed 29/05/08</ref>

The United Kingdom does not recognise the [[Northern Cyprus|Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC)]]. The TRNC is only recognised by Turkey. The UK is also a signatory to a treaty with Greece and Turkey concerning the independence of Cyprus, the [[Treaty of Guarantee (1960)|Treaty of Guarantee]], which maintains that Britain is a "guarantor power" of the island's independence.<ref name="sba.mod.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.sba.mod.uk/|title=Openning SBA Administration Official Web....n|website=Sovereign Base Areas|access-date=27 May 2008|archive-date=4 February 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080204114317/http://www.sba.mod.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref> 
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Turkmenistan}}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Foreign relations of Turkmenistan]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Turkmenistan|diplomatic relations with Turkmenistan]] on 23 January 1992.<ref name="turkmenistan"/>
*Turkmenistan maintains an [[Embassy of Turkmenistan, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.tmembassy.gov.tm/|title=Home|website=EMBASSY OF TURKMENISTAN {{!}} UK - LONDON|access-date=13 February 2024}}</ref> 
*The UK is accredited to Turkmenistan through its embassy in [[Ashgabat]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ashgabat|title=British Embassy Ashgabat|work=GOV.UK|access-date=13 February 2024}}</ref> 
Both countries share common membership of the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}||{{Date table sorting|1971}}||See [[United Arab Emirates–United Kingdom relations]]
* The UAE has an embassy in London.
* The UK maintains an embassy in [[Abu Dhabi]] and is unique in having another Embassy in [[Dubai]].
* The UAE-UK relations have been described as a "special relationship".
* [[Queen Elizabeth II]] has visited the UAE 2 times.
* 100,000 British citizens live in the UAE.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Uzbekistan}}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[United Kingdom–Uzbekistan relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Uzbekistan|diplomatic relations with Uzbekistan]] on 18 February 1992.<ref name="uzbekistan"/>
*Turkmenistan maintains an [[Embassy of Uzbekistan, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uzembassy.uk/page/314|title=About the Embassy|website= 
EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN IN THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref> 
*The UK is accredited to Uzbekistan through its embassy in [[Tashkent]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tashkent|title=British Embassy Tashkent|work=GOV.UK|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref> 
Both countries share common membership of the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Vietnam}}||{{Date table sorting|1973}}||See [[Vietnam–United Kingdom relations|United Kingdom–Vietnam relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Vietnam|diplomatic relations with Vietnam]] on 11 September 1973.<ref name="vietnam"/>
*The UK maintains an embassy in [[Hanoi]].<ref>{{cite web|title=British Embassy Hanoi|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-hanoi|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 December 2015|archive-date=10 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310085024/https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-hanoi|url-status=live}}</ref>
*Vietnam maintains an [[Embassy of Vietnam, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vietnamembassy.org.uk/|website=Embassy of Vietnam London|access-date=30 December 2015|title=Archived copy|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026045959/http://www.vietnamembassy.org.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The UK occupied [[War in Vietnam (1945–1946)|Southern Vietnam and Saigon]] from 1945–1946.

The UK and Vietnam entered into a strategic partnership agreement in 2010.<ref>{{cite news|title=UK-Vietnam strategic partnership makes remarkable progress|url=https://vietnamlawmagazine.vn/uk-vietnam-strategic-partnership-makes-remarkable-progress-70458.html|website=Vietnam Law and Legal Forum|date=9 November 2023|access-date=13 January 2024}}</ref> The UK and Vietnam have an active [[United Kingdom–Vietnam Free Trade Agreement]] since 1 January 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=U.K., Vietnam Reach Free-Trade Deal as Brexit Deadline Looms|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-11/u-k-vietnam-reach-free-trade-deal-as-brexit-deadline-looms?leadSource=uverify%20wall|website=Bloomberg|date=11 December 2020|access-date=13 January 2024|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Both countries share common membership of [[Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership|CPTPP]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Vietnamese goods to better penetrate UK market|url=https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vietnamese-goods-to-better-penetrate-uk-market/259658.vnp|website=VietnamPlus|date=20 July 2023|access-date=13 January 2024}}</ref>
|}

=== Europe ===
{{See also|European Union–United Kingdom relations}}
The UK maintained good relations with Western Europe since 1945, and Eastern Europe since end of the Cold War in 1989. After years of dispute with France it joined the European Economic Community in 1973, which eventually evolved into the European Union through the [[Maastricht Treaty]] twenty years later.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/1/newsid_2459000/2459167.stm|title=1973: Britain joins the EEC|date=9 October 1973|via=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=27 May 2008|archive-date=14 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114142111/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/1/newsid_2459000/2459167.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Unlike the majority of European countries, the UK does not use the euro as its currency and is not a member of the [[Eurozone]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/1/newsid_4044000/4044891.stm|title=2002: Celebrations as euro hits the streets|date=9 October 2017|via=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=27 May 2008|archive-date=8 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408085040/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/1/newsid_4044000/4044891.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> During the years of its membership of the European Union, the United Kingdom had often been referred to as a "peculiar" member, due to its occasional dispute in policies with the organisation. The United Kingdom regularly [[UK opt-outs from EU legislation|opted out]] of EU legislation and policies. Through differences in geography, culture and history, national opinion polls have found that of the 28 nationalities in the European Union, British people have historically felt the least European.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Britain and the EU: A long and rocky relationship |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-26515129 |work=BBC News |date=1 April 2014 |access-date=2016-10-24 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126215503/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-26515129 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The ultimate causes of Brexit: history, culture, and geography |url=http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/explaining-brexit/ |work=LSE |date=18 July 2016 |access-date=2016-10-24 |archive-date=24 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024090943/http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/explaining-brexit/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 23 June 2016, the United Kingdom [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum|voted to leave the European Union]] and formally left on 31 January 2020.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal relations began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Albania }}||{{Date table sorting|1921}}||See [[Albania–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Albania|diplomatic relations with Albania]] on 9 November 1921.<ref name="albania"/>
* Albania maintains an [[Embassy of Albania, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ambasadat.gov.al/united-kingdom/en|title=Home|website=Albanian Embassy in the United Kingdom|access-date=25 February 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Albania through its embassy in [[Tirana]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tirana|title=British Embassy Tirana|access-date=25 February 2024|website=GOV.UK}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]]. The two countries also have a [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom|free trade agreement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-albania-sign-agreement-to-deepen-economic-relationship-and-political-efforts-to-tackle-serious-organised-crime#:~:text=The%20preferential%20trading%20terms%20it,and%20investment%20in%20the%20future.|title=UK and Albania sign Agreement to deepen economic relationship and political efforts to tackle serious organised crime|access-date=6 February 2021|date=5 February 2021|work=GOV.UK}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Andorra}}||{{Date table sorting|1994}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.exteriors.ad/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=394:europa&catid=38&Itemid=56&lang=en|title=Permanent Mission of Andorra in Geneva|website=www.exteriors.ad|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=21 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721165348/http://www.exteriors.ad/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=394%3Aeuropa&catid=38&Itemid=56&lang=en|url-status=live}}</ref>||See [[Foreign relations of Andorra]]

* The United Kingdom's consulate-general in Barcelona handles the United Kingdom's consular activities in Andorra.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/barcelona|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018090212/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/barcelona|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Austria }}||{{Date table sorting|1799}}||See [[Austria–United Kingdom relations]]
* Austria has an embassy in London and 4 honorary consulates (in Manchester, Edinburgh, [[Grand Cayman]] and [[Hamilton, Bermuda|Hamilton]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bmeia.gv.at/aussenministerium/buergerservice/oesterreichische-vertretungen.html?dv_staat=53&cHash=cf460f312e6c3db23e9b65b0a859ecc4|title=Suche nach österreichischen Vertretungen – BMEIA, Außenministerium Österreich|last=Österreich|first=Außenministerium der Republik|website=Oesterreich.gv.at|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=13 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913083530/http://www.bmeia.gv.at/aussenministerium/buergerservice/oesterreichische-vertretungen.html?dv_staat=53&cHash=cf460f312e6c3db23e9b65b0a859ecc4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Vienna]] and 4 honorary consulates in Bergenz, [[Graz]], [[Innsbruck]], and [[Salzburg]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-vienna|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=GOV.UK|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018090853/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-vienna|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukinaustria.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations-austria/|title=British Embassy Vienna - GOV.UK|website=GOV.UK|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=14 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014234947/http://ukinaustria.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations-austria/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Belarus }}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Belarus–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Belarus|diplomatic relations with Belarus]] on 27 January 1992.<ref name="belarus"/> 
* Belarus maintains an [[Embassy of Belarus, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://uk.mfa.gov.by/en/embassy/history/|title=History of the Embassy|work=Embassy of Belarus in the United Kingdom|access-date=22 January 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Belarus through its embassy in [[Minsk]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-minsk|title=British Embassy Minsk|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 January 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Belgium }}||{{Date table sorting|1830}}||See [[Belgium–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Belgium|diplomatic relations with Belgium]] on 1 December 1830.<ref name="belgium"/> 
* Belgium maintains an  [[Embassy of Belgium, London|embassy]] in London, in addition to honorary consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Edinburgh, [[Gibraltar]], [[Kingston-upon-Hull]], Manchester, [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], [[Saint Helier]] and [[Southampton]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unitedkingdom.diplomatie.belgium.be/en/embassy-and-consulates/embassy-london|title=Embassy in London|website=Embassy of Belgium in the United Kingdom|access-date=2 February 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Belgium through its [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Brussels|embassy]] in [[Brussels]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-brussels|title=British Embassy Brussels|website=GOV.UK|access-date=2 February 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Bosnia and Herzegovina–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina|diplomatic relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina]] on 13 April 1992.<ref name="bosnia"/> 
* Bosnia and Herzegovina maintains an [[Embassy of Bosnia and Herzegovina, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mfa.ba/ambasade_konzulati_misije/ambasade_konzulati_i_stalne_misije_bih/Default.aspx?template_id=16&s1=765&id=7097|title=Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo VELIKE BRITANIJE i SJEVERNE IRSKE|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs {{!}} Bosnia and Herzegovina|access-date=2016-10-09|language=Bosnian|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513184834/http://www.mfa.ba/ambasade_konzulati_misije/ambasade_konzulati_i_stalne_misije_bih/Default.aspx?template_id=16&s1=765&id=7097|archive-date=13 May 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Bosnia and Herzegovina through its embassy in [[Sarajevo]], and an embassy office in [[Banja Luka]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-sarajevo|title=British Embassy Sarajevo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=20 February 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], and the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Bulgaria }}||{{Date table sorting|1879}}||See [[Bulgaria–United Kingdom relations]]

* Bulgaria has an embassy in London and an honorary consulate in Dundee.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mfa.bg/120/viewinfo/29|title=Министерство на външните работи - Пътувам за...|website=Министерство на външните работи|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=10 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010125043/http://www.mfa.bg/120/viewinfo/29|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Sofia,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-sofia|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018092015/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-sofia|url-status=live}}</ref>
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Croatia }}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Croatia–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Croatia|diplomatic relations with Croatia]] on 24 June 1992.<ref name="croatia" />
* Croatia has an [[Embassy of Croatia, London|embassy]] in London and a consulate in Edinburgh.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.mvep.hr/en/diplomatic-directory/diplomatic-missions-and-consular-offices-of-croatia/united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-ireland-(the)-london,192.html#p|title = United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (The)|website = Diplomatic Missions and Consular Offices of Croatia|publisher = MVEP|access-date = 1 July 2019|archive-date = 7 July 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190707003022/http://www.mvep.hr/en/diplomatic-directory/diplomatic-missions-and-consular-offices-of-croatia/united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-ireland-(the)-london,192.html#p|url-status = dead}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Zagreb]] and consulates in [[Dubrovnik]] and [[Split, Croatia|Split]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukincroatia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|title=British Embassy Zagreb|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 January 2024|archive-date=28 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128120854/http://ukincroatia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Cyprus }}||{{Date table sorting|1960}}||See [[Cyprus–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Cyprus|diplomatic relations with Cyprus]] on 16 August 1960.<ref name=":1" /> 
* Cyprus has a High Commission in London and honorary consulates in Birmingham, Bristol, [[Dunblane]], Glasgow, Northern Ireland and [[West Yorkshire]].<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.mfa.gov.cy/mfa/highcom/london.nsf/All/3A62C31648CF200280257B790050D312?OpenDocument|title = Consular Information|website = High Commission of The Republic of Cyprus in London|access-date = 1 July 2019|archive-date = 5 January 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190105043648/http://www.mfa.gov.cy/mfa/highcom/london.nsf/All/3A62C31648CF200280257B790050D312?OpenDocument|url-status = dead}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has a High Commission in [[Nicosia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nicosia|title=British High Commission Nicosia|website=GOV.UK|access-date=2024-01-12}}</ref>
Cyprus was [[British Cyprus|ruled by the United Kingdom]] from 1878, until it achieved independence on 16 August 1960. The UK is a signatory to the [[Treaty of Guarantee (1960)|Treaty of Guarantee]], which maintains that Britain is a "guarantor power" of Cyprus's independence; the UK maintains the two sovereign base areas of [[Akrotiri and Dhekelia]] on the island of Cyprus.<ref name="sba.mod.uk"/> 

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]], the [[Council of Europe]],  and the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Czech Republic }}||{{Date table sorting|1993}}||See [[Czech Republic–United Kingdom relations]]

* The Czech Republic has an embassy in London and honorary consulates in Belfast and Edinburgh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mzv.cz/london/en/about_us/how_to_find_us_1.html|title=How to find us|website=www.mzv.cz|access-date=25 February 2021|archive-date=2 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302142535/https://www.mzv.cz/london/en/about_us/how_to_find_us_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mzv.cz/london/en/about_us/czech_honorary_consulates_in_uk/index.html|title=Czech Honorary Consulates in the UK &#124; Embassy of the Czech Republic in London|website=www.mzv.cz|access-date=25 February 2021|archive-date=2 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302134736/https://www.mzv.cz/london/en/about_us/czech_honorary_consulates_in_uk/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Prague.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-prague|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018093906/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-prague|url-status=live}}</ref>

Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom paid a state visit to the Czech Republic in March 1996.<ref>{{cite web|title=Outward state visits made by the queen since 1952 |url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page4869.asp |publisher=Official web site of the British Monarchy |access-date=2008-11-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021220621/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4869.asp |archive-date=21 October 2008 }}</ref>
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Denmark }}||{{Date table sorting|1654}}||See [[Denmark–United Kingdom relations]]

*Denmark has an embassy in London.  
*The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Copenhagen]].
Queen [[Margrethe II of Denmark]] paid state visits to the United Kingdom in April/May 1974, and in February 2000.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ceremonies: State visits |url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4935.asp |publisher=Official web site of the British Monarchy |access-date=2008-11-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081106153300/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4935.asp |archive-date=6 November 2008 }}</ref> Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom paid state visits to Denmark in May 1957, and in May 1979.<ref>{{cite web|title=Outward state visits made by the queen since 1952 |url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page4869.asp |publisher=Official web site of the British Monarchy |access-date=2008-11-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021220621/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4869.asp |archive-date=21 October 2008 }}</ref>
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Estonia }}||{{Date table sorting|1991}}||See [[Foreign relations of Estonia]]

* Estonia has an embassy in London and honorary consuls in Liverpool, Cheltenham, Paisley and Wales.<ref>[http://www.vm.ee/?q=en/node/6558] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927215233/http://www.vm.ee/?q=en%2Fnode%2F6558|date=27 September 2012}}</ref><ref>[http://www.vm.ee/?q=en/node/5436] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620063628/http://www.vm.ee/?q=en%2Fnode%2F5436|date=20 June 2012}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Tallinn.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/estonia|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318072333/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/estonia|url-status=live}}</ref>
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Finland }}||{{Date table sorting|1919}}||See [[Finland–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Finland|diplomatic relations with Finland]] on 28 March 1919.<ref name="finland"/>
* Finland maintains an [[Embassy of Finland, London|embassy]] in London and honorary consulates in [[Aberdeen]], [[Belfast]], Birmingham, [[Bristol]], [[Cardiff]], [[Dover]], [[Dundee]], Edinburgh, [[Gibraltar]], [[Glasgow]], [[Hamilton, Bermuda|Hamilton]], [[Harwich]], Hull, [[Immingham]], [[Leeds]], Lerwick, [[Liverpool]], [[Manchester]], [[Middlesbrough]], [[Newcastle-Upon-Tyne]], [[Nottingham]], [[Plymouth]], [[Rochester, Kent|Rochester]], [[Sheffield]], [[Southampton]] and [[St Helier]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://formin.finland.fi/public/default.aspx?nodeid=17219&culture=en-US&contentlan=2|title=Entering Finland and travelling abroad: United Kingdom of Great Britain|website=Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland|access-date=3 March 2024|archive-date=19 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219192332/http://formin.finland.fi/public/default.aspx?nodeid=17219&culture=en-US&contentlan=2|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Helsinki]] and honorary consulates in [[Åland]], [[Jyväskylä]], [[Kotka]], [[Kuopio]], [[Oulu]], [[Rovaniemi]], [[Turku]], [[Tampere]] and [[Vaasa]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-helsinki|title=British Embassy Helsinki|website=GOV.UK|access-date=3 March 2024}}</ref>
Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|France }}||{{Date table sorting|1396}}||See [[France–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of France|diplomatic relations with France]] in 1396.<ref name="france"/>
* France maintains an [[Embassy of France, London|embassy]] in London, and consulates general in London and Edinburgh.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.ambafrance.org/-The-Embassy-|title=The Embassy|website=France in the United Kingdom {{!}} French Embassy in London|access-date=12 February 2024|archive-date=7 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100207194743/http://www.ambafrance-uk.org/spip.php?page=sommaire&id_rubrique=2|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Paris|embassy]] in Paris, and consulates in [[Bordeaux]] and [[Marseille]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-paris|title=British Embassy Paris|website=GOV.UK|access-date=12 February 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[G7]], [[G20]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Germany }}||{{Date table sorting|1680}}||See [[Germany–United Kingdom relations]]
* Germany has an embassy in London and a consulate general in Edinburgh. German also has honorary consulates in Aberdeen, Barrow on Humber, Belfast, Coventry, Bristol, Cardiff, Dover, Glasgow, Guernsey, Jersey, Kirkwall, Leeds, Lerwick, Liverpool, Middlesbrough, Newcastle upon Tyne, Plymouth and Southampton.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.london.diplo.de/Vertretung/london/en/02/Directions__opening__times/__Map__Hours.html|title=German Missions in the United Kingdom - Home|website=www.london.diplo.de|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=15 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115175153/http://www.london.diplo.de/Vertretung/london/en/02/Directions__opening__times/__Map__Hours.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.london.diplo.de/Vertretung/london/en/02/German__Missions/__Consulates.html|title=German Missions in the United Kingdom - Home|website=www.london.diplo.de|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=15 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115173316/http://www.london.diplo.de/Vertretung/london/en/02/German__Missions/__Consulates.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.london.diplo.de/contentblob/3401078/Daten/2213784/Honorarkonsuln.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 November 2012 |archive-date=26 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121226153217/http://www.london.diplo.de/contentblob/3401078/Daten/2213784/Honorarkonsuln.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Berlin and consulates general in Düsseldorf and Munich. The United Kingdom also has honorary consulates in Bremen, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Hannover, Kiel, Nürnberg and Stuttgart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-berlin|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=2 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102174436/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-berlin|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukingermany.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|title=British Embassy Berlin - GOV.UK|website=ukingermany.fco.gov.uk|access-date=1 April 2010|archive-date=23 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100423110659/http://ukingermany.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukingermany.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/honorary-consuls/|title=British Embassy Berlin - GOV.UK|website=ukingermany.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=8 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108231056/http://ukingermany.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/honorary-consuls|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The UK maintains military bases in Germany.
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Greece }}||{{Date table sorting|1833}}||See [[Greece–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Greece|diplomatic relations with Greece]] on 1 January 1833.<ref name="greece"/>
* Greece maintains an [[Embassy of Greece, London|embassy]] in London, and honorary consulates in [[Belfast]], [[Birmingham]], [[Edinburgh]], [[Gibraltar]], [[Glasgow]] and [[Leeds]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gr//en/blog/greece-bilateral-relations/united-kingdom/|title=United Kingdom|website=Hellenic Republic - Ministry of Foreign Affairs|access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Greece through its embassy in [[Athens]] and a Honorary Vice Consulate in [[Patras]]. The United Kingdom also has honorary consulates in [[Crete]], [[Corfu]], [[Rhodes]], [[Thessaloniki]], and [[Zakynthos]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nicosia|title=British Embassy Athens|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Holy See}}||{{Date table sorting|1982}}||See [[Holy See–United Kingdom relations]]

With the [[English Reformation]], diplomatic links between London and the Holy See, which had been established in 1479, were interrupted in 1536 and again, after a brief restoration in 1553, in 1558. Formal diplomatic ties between the United Kingdom and the Holy See were restored in 1914 and raised to ambassadorial level in 1982.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukinholysee.fco.gov.uk/en/working-with-holy-see/relations2/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020015109/http://ukinholysee.fco.gov.uk/en/working-with-holy-see/relations2/|url-status=dead|title=British Embassy to the Holy See: "UK-Holy See relations"|archive-date=20 October 2012}}</ref><ref name="FCO Profile">{{cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/europe/holy-see?profile=all|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224034006/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/europe/holy-see?profile=all|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-12-24|title=Holy See|access-date=2008-09-17|quote=Formal diplomatic links between the United Kingdom and the Holy See were first established in 1479 when John Shirwood was appointed as the first resident Ambassador. Shirwood was also the first English Ambassador to serve abroad, making the embassy to the Holy See the oldest embassy in the UK diplomatic service.|publisher=[[Foreign and Commonwealth Office]]}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Hungary }}||{{Date table sorting|1921}}||See also [[Hungary–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Hungary|diplomatic relations with Hungary]] on 22 May 1921.<ref name="hungary"/>
* Hungary maintains an [[Embassy of Hungary, London|embassy]] in London and a general consulate in Manchester.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://london.mfa.gov.hu/eng|title=Home|website=Embassy of Hungary London|access-date=8 March 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Hungary through its embassy in [[Budapest]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-budapest|title=British Embassy Budapest|website=GOV.UK|access-date=8 March 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Iceland }}||{{Date table sorting|1944}}||See [[Iceland–United Kingdom relations]]

* Iceland has an embassy in London and 17 honorary consulates in: [[Aberdeen]], Birmingham, [[Cardiff]], [[Dover]], Edinburgh, [[Fleetwood]], [[Glasgow]], [[Grimsby]], [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], [[Jersey]], [[Lerwick]], [[Newcastle-upon-Tyne]], [[Northern Ireland]], and [[Ormskirk]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://brunnur.mfa.is/interpro/utanr/HBvefur.nsf/Pages/IslSendiradEng?OpenDocument&CountryNr=44&Lang=44 |title=Icelandic Embassies and Consulates |access-date=2012-11-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331153402/http://brunnur.mfa.is/interpro/utanr/HBvefur.nsf/Pages/IslSendiradEng?OpenDocument&CountryNr=44&Lang=44 |archive-date=31 March 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Reykjavík]] and a Honorary Vice-Consulate in [[Akureyri]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-reykjavik|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=4 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104043936/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-reykjavik|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/hon-vice-consul-akureyri|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=4 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104051211/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/hon-vice-consul-akureyri|url-status=live}}</ref>
Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,<ref name="pac"/> and [[NATO]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Ireland }}||{{Date table sorting|1921}}||See [[Ireland–United Kingdom relations]]

Despite a long history of conflict from English Tudor plantation in Ireland to the Irish War of independence, the UK presently works closely with the government of the Republic of Ireland in areas concerning the peace process in Northern Ireland as well as on many security issues. In 1949 the Irish Houses of Parliament passed the Republic of Ireland Act, making the Republic of Ireland officially fully independent; the country withdrew from the Commonwealth. Under the [[Ireland Act 1949]] Irish citizens are treated as though they are Commonwealth citizens and not aliens for the purposes of law. Until 1998, the Republic of Ireland claimed Northern Ireland, but this was rescinded under the [[Belfast Agreement]] through an amendment of the Irish Constitution, which now states an aspiration to peaceful unity. There is an ongoing dispute that also involves Denmark and Iceland, over the status of the ocean floor surrounding Rockall. However, this is for the most part a trivial issue that rarely makes it onto British-Irish meeting agendas.<ref name="BBC1955">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/21/newsid_4582000/4582327.stm|title=1955: Britain claims Rockall|date=21 September 1955|via=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=27 May 2008|archive-date=25 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525014132/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/21/newsid_4582000/4582327.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Ireland has confidential agreements with both the United Kingdom and NATO to defend sovereign Irish airspace from intrusions or attacks.

* Ireland has an embassy in London and a consulate general in Cardiff, Edinburgh and Manchester.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dfa.ie/home/index.aspx?id=28455|title=Diplomatic and Consular Information for Great Britain|website=Department of Foreign Affairs|access-date=20 November 2012|archive-date=5 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105101110/http://www.dfa.ie/home/index.aspx?id=28455|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Dublin]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/ireland|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|newspaper=Gov.uk|access-date=20 November 2012|archive-date=4 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104050250/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/ireland|url-status=live}}</ref>

Under the Ireland Act 1949 Irish citizens are treated as though they are Commonwealth citizens and not aliens for the purposes of law. [[#Ireland|See Commonwealth of Nations & Ireland Section]] above.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/> 
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Italy }}||{{Date table sorting|1859}}||See [[Italy–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Italy|diplomatic relations with Italy]] on 13 April 1859.<ref name="italy"/>
* Italy has an embassy in London, a consulate general in Edinburgh and a consulate in Manchester.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.esteri.it/MAE/Templates/SediTemplate.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRNODEGUID=%7b90144702-199C-47DD-8FA5-97139E541E48%7d&NRORIGINALURL=%2fMAE%2fEN%2fMinistero%2fLaReteDiplomatica%2fAmbasciate%2fdefault%2ehtm&NRCACHEHINT=Guest |title=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation - Italian MFAIC - Ambasciate - Embassies and Consulates |access-date=20 November 2012 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131358/http://www.esteri.it/MAE/Templates/SediTemplate.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRNODEGUID=%7b90144702-199C-47DD-8FA5-97139E541E48%7d&NRORIGINALURL=%2fMAE%2fEN%2fMinistero%2fLaReteDiplomatica%2fAmbasciate%2fdefault%2ehtm&NRCACHEHINT=Guest |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Rome]], a consulate general in [[Milan]] and a consulate in [[Naples]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-rome|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=GOV.UK|access-date=20 November 2012|archive-date=5 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121205085551/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-rome|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinitaly.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations-in-italy/|title=British Embassy Rome - GOV.UK|website=GOV.UK|access-date=20 November 2012|archive-date=5 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105110019/http://ukinitaly.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations-in-italy|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]],  [[G7]], [[G20]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Kosovo }}||{{Date table sorting|2008}}||See [[Kosovo–United Kingdom relations]]

* Kosovo has a Consular Mission in London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,67|title=Consular Missions Of The Republic Of Kosovo - Diplomatic Missions - Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=13 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513154127/http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,67|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Pristina.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/office-pristina|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=4 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104051222/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/office-pristina|url-status=live}}</ref>

When Kosovo [[2008 Kosovo declaration of independence|declared its independence]] from [[Serbia]] on 17 February 2008, the United Kingdom became one of the first countries to officially announce recognition of sovereign Kosovo on 18 February 2008.<ref>{{cite web |title=UK to recognise independent Kosovo - PM |url=http://www.pm.gov.uk/output/Page14594.asp |date=18 February 2008 |access-date=2008-05-09 |publisher=United Kingdom Prime Minister's Office, 10 Downing Street |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510070233/http://www.pm.gov.uk/output/Page14594.asp |archive-date=10 May 2008 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref name="nytimes u.s. u.k. france">{{cite news|author=Nicholas Kulish and C. J. Chivers|title=Kosovo Is Recognized but Rebuked by Others|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/europe/19kosovo.html?ref=world|date=19 February 2008|access-date=2008-05-09|work=The New York Times|archive-date=16 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416023644/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/europe/19kosovo.html?ref=world|url-status=live}}</ref> The United Kingdom has had an embassy in [[Pristina]] since 5&nbsp;March 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1163672154378|title=British Embassy in Pristina, Kosovo|publisher=Foreign and Commonwealth Office|access-date=2008-05-09|archive-date=20 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720152927/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1163672154378|url-status=live}}</ref> Kosovo has an embassy in London since 1 October 2008.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Latvia }}||{{Date table sorting|1991}}||See [[Foreign relations of Latvia]]

* Latvia has an embassy in London and honorary consulates in Edinburgh, Northern Ireland, Manchester and Wales.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.am.gov.lv/en/mission/?lv=1&org=GBR|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121219185051/http://www.am.gov.lv/en/mission/?lv=1&org=GBR|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-12-19|title=Diplomatic Missions|website=www.am.gov.lv|access-date=2016-10-09}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has embassy in Riga.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/latvia|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=4 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104045340/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/latvia|url-status=live}}</ref>
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Lithuania }}||{{Date table sorting|1991}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uk.mfa.lt/index.php?3099704709|title=Lietuvos Respublikos užsienio reikalų ministerija {{!}} Lietuvos Respublikos užsienio reikalų ministerija|last=Kryptis|first=Dizaino|website=uk.mfa.lt|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=28 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228190026/https://uk.mfa.lt/index.php?3099704709|url-status=live}}</ref>||See [[Lithuania–United Kingdom relations]]

* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Vilnius]] and an honorary consulate in [[Klaipėda]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/lithuania|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=4 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104045345/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/lithuania|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ukinlithuania.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/klaipeda/ |title=Honorary Consul Klaipeda |access-date=2012-11-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127215414/http://ukinlithuania.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/klaipeda |archive-date=27 November 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* Lithuania has an embassy in London and 4 honorary consulates in Northern Ireland, [[North East England]], [[Wales]] and the [[West Midlands (region)|West Midlands]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.urm.lt/popup2.php?tmpl_name=m_urm_lt_embassy&m_urm_country_id=13|title=Lietuvos Respublikos užsienio reikalų ministerija {{!}} Lietuvos Respublikos užsienio reikalų ministerija|last=Kryptis|first=Dizaino|website=www.urm.lt|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=20 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120920042208/http://www.urm.lt/popup2.php?tmpl_name=m_urm_lt_embassy&m_urm_country_id=13|url-status=live}}</ref>
There are around 100,000 [[Lithuanian people|Lithuanians]] living in the United Kingdom. Both countries are members of NATO. In 2006, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and [[Prince Philip]] paid an official state visit to Lithuania.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.monstersandcritics.com/people/royalwatch/news/article_1211696.php/British_queen_begins_historic_visit_to_Baltics__Roundup_|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520072510/http://www.monstersandcritics.com/people/royalwatch/news/article_1211696.php/British_queen_begins_historic_visit_to_Baltics__Roundup_|url-status=dead|title=British queen begins 'historic' visit to Baltics (Roundup) - Monsters and Critics<!-- Bot generated title -->|archive-date=20 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uk.mfa.lt/index.php?485632209|title=Lietuvos Respublikos užsienio reikalų ministerija {{!}} Lietuvos Respublikos užsienio reikalų ministerija|last=Kryptis|first=Dizaino|website=uk.mfa.lt|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=28 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228190002/https://uk.mfa.lt/index.php?485632209|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081226132122/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/europe/lithuania British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Lithuania]
* [http://www.urm.lt/index.php?-621782732 Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign affairs: list of bilateral treaties with Poland (in Lithuanian only)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216131025/http://www.urm.lt/index.php?-621782732 |date=16 February 2012 }}
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Luxembourg}}||{{Date table sorting|1879}}||See [[Foreign relations of Luxembourg]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Luxembourg|diplomatic relations with Luxembourg]] on 27 November 1879.<ref name=":10" />
* Luxembourg maintains an [[Embassy of Luxembourg, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://londres.mae.lu/en/ambassades.html|title=Embassy|website=Embassy of Luxembourg in London|date=4 October 2019 |access-date=28 January 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Luxembourg through its embassy in [[Luxembourg City]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-in-luxembourg|title=British Embassy Luxembourg|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 January 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Malta }}||{{Date table sorting|1964}}||See [[Malta–United Kingdom relations]]

In the 1950s and 1960s, serious consideration was given in both countries to the idea of a political union between the United Kingdom and Malta. However, this plan for [[History of Malta#Attempted integration with the United Kingdom|"Integration with Britain"]] foundered, and Malta gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1964.  British Monarch Queen Elizabeth II remained [[Queen of Malta]] until the country became a Republic in 1974. There is a small [[Maltese British|Maltese community in the United Kingdom]]. In addition, the [[British overseas territory]] of [[Gibraltar]] has been influenced by significant 18th and 19th Century immigration from Malta (see "[[History of the Maltese in Gibraltar]]").
* Malta has a High Commission in London and consulates in Gibraltar, the Isle of Man, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://foreignandeu.gov.mt/default.aspx|title=Sorry. The page you are looking for does not exist|website=foreignandeu.gov.mt|access-date=25 February 2021|archive-date=22 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522112818/https://foreignandeu.gov.mt/default.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has a High Commission in Valletta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/malta1|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=4 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104045350/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/malta1|url-status=live}}</ref>
Malta is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. [[#Malta|See Commonwealth of Nations & Ireland Section]] above.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Moldova }}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Moldova–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Moldova|diplomatic relations with Moldova]] on 17 January 1992.<ref name="moldova"/>
* Moldova maintains an [[Embassy of Moldova, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://regatulunit.mfa.gov.md/en|title=Embassy of the Republic of Moldova to the Republic to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration of the Republic of Moldova|access-date=4 January 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Moldova through its [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Chișinău|embassy]] in [[Chişinău]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-chisinau|title=British Embassy Chisinau|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 January 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]]. The UK and Moldova have a bilateral [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom|free trade agreement]], which has been active since 1 January 2021.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Morton |last2= Jayawardena |first1=Wendy |first2= Ranil|date=24 December 2020|title=UK and Moldova sign Strategic Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-moldova-sign-strategic-partnership-trade-and-cooperation-agreement |website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 February 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Montenegro}}||{{Date table sorting|2006}}||See [[Montenegro–United Kingdom relations]]

* Montenegro has an embassy in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mip.gov.me/en/index.php/Embassies-and-consulates/united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-ireland.html |title=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration of Montenegro &#124; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland &#124; Embassies and consulates |access-date=2012-11-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114053606/http://www.mip.gov.me/en/index.php/Embassies-and-consulates/united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-ireland.html |archive-date=14 November 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Podgorica]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/montenegro1|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=3 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103221206/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/montenegro1|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090521100615/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/europe/montenegro British Foreign and Commonwealth Office Montenegro country profile]
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Netherlands }}||{{Date table sorting|1603}}||See [[Netherlands–United Kingdom relations]]

* The Netherlands has an embassy in London and consulates in Aberdeen, Belfast, Birmingham, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Guernsey, Hamilton, Harwich, Hull, Liverpool, Manchester, Plymouth and Southampton. The Netherlands also has a vice consulate in Dover.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.netherlands-embassy.org.uk/about/index.php?i=121|title=The United Kingdom|first=Ministerie van Buitenlandse|last=Zaken|website=www.netherlands-embassy.org.uk|access-date=19 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100110120140/http://www.netherlands-embassy.org.uk/about/index.php?i=121|archive-date=10 January 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.minbuza.nl/en/services/embassies-and-consulates/dutch-embassies-and-consulates-abroad/country.html?c=584|title=Home - landingspage|first=Ministerie van Buitenlandse|last=Zaken|website=www.minbuza.nl|access-date=23 November 2012|archive-date=1 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901171952/http://www.minbuza.nl/en/services/embassies-and-consulates/dutch-embassies-and-consulates-abroad/country.html?c=584|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in The Hague and consulates in [[Amsterdam]] and [[Willemstad, Curaçao|Willemstad]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinnl.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/|title=British Embassy The Hague - GOV.UK|website=ukinnl.fco.gov.uk|access-date=19 February 2010|archive-date=16 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316100004/http://ukinnl.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/north-and-central-america/curacao|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=4 August 2012|archive-date=18 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318054423/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/north-and-central-america/curacao|url-status=live}}</ref>
Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,<ref name="pac"/> and [[NATO]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Norway}}||{{Date table sorting|1905}}||See [[Norway–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Norway|diplomatic relations with Norway]] on 6 November 1905.<ref name="norway"/>

* Norway maintains an embassy in London, and a consulate general in Edinburgh. Norway also maintains consulates in [[Aberdeen]], [[Ardrossan]], Barrow-on-Furness, Belfast, Birmingham, [[Bristol]], [[Cardiff]], [[Douglas, Isle of Man|Douglas]], [[Dundee]], [[Gibraltar]], [[Glasgow]], [[Grimsby]], [[Inverness]], [[Jersey]], [[Kirkwall]], [[Lerwick]], Liverpool, London, Manchester, Newcastle, [[Plymouth]], [[Southampton]] and [[Stornoway]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.norway.org.uk/Embassy/consulates/|title=Norway in the United Kingdom|website=Norgesportalen|access-date=16 November 2012|archive-date=8 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808122751/http://www.norway.org.uk/Embassy/consulates/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Norway through its embassy in [[Oslo]], as well as consulates in [[Ålesund]], [[Bergen]], [[Stavanger]] and [[Trondheim]]. The United Kingdom also maintains honorary consulates in [[Bodø]], [[Kristiansand]] and [[Tromsø]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-oslo|title=British Embassy Oslo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 February 2024|archive-date=10 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310004205/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-oslo|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,<ref name="pac"/> [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Poland }}||{{Date table sorting|1919}}||See [[Poland–United Kingdom relations]]

* Poland has an embassy in London, a consulate general in Edinburgh and Manchester. Poland also has honorary consulates in Bristol, Gibraltar, Hull, Kidderminster, Newry and St Helier.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.londyn.msz.gov.pl/en|title=Embassy of the Republic of Poland in London|website=www.londyn.msz.gov.pl|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=27 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027080737/http://londyn.msz.gov.pl/en/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.edynburg.msz.gov.pl/en|title=Consulate of the Republic of Poland in Edinburgh|website=www.edynburg.msz.gov.pl|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=1 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101222032/http://edynburg.msz.gov.pl/en|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manchester.msz.gov.pl/pl|title=Konsulat Generalny Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w Manchesterze|website=www.manchester.msz.gov.pl|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=21 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121121021449/http://manchester.msz.gov.pl/pl/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.naszemiasto.nazwa.pl/polishconsulateni/|title=Polish Consulate of Northern Ireland|website=Polish Consulate of Northern Ireland|language=pl-PL|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204020044/http://www.naszemiasto.nazwa.pl/polishconsulateni/|archive-date=4 December 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Warsaw.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-warsaw|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=14 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214024751/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-warsaw|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Both countries participate in shared defence and security cooperation.
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Portugal }}||{{Date table sorting|1386}}||See [[Portugal–United Kingdom relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Portugal|diplomatic relations with Portugal]] on 9 May 1386.<ref name="portugal"/> 
* Portugal maintains an [[Embassy of Portugal, London|embassy]] and a consulate general in London and consulates in [[Belfast]], [[Edinburgh]], [[Hamilton, Bermuda|Hamilton]] and [[St Helier]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://londres.embaixadaportugal.mne.gov.pt/en/consular-services/general-information|title=General information|website=Embassy of Portugal in the United Kingdom|access-date=21 January 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Portugal through its embassy in [[Lisbon]] and consulates in Lisbon and [[Portimão]]. The United Kingdom also has honorary consulates in [[Funchal]], [[Ponta Delgada (Azores)|Ponta Delgada]], and [[Porto]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-lisbon|title=British Embassy Lisbon|website=GOV.UK|access-date=21 January 2024}}</ref>
The bilateral relation dates back to the [[Middle Ages]] in 1373 with the [[Anglo-Portuguese Alliance]].

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,<ref name="pac"/> [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Romania }}||{{Date table sorting|1880}}||See [[Romania–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Romania|diplomatic relations with Romania]] on 20 February 1880.<ref name="romania"/> 
* Romania maintains an [[Embassy of Romania, London|embassy]] London, and consulate generals in Edinburgh and Manchester. Romania also maintains honorary consulates in [[Hirwaun]], Leeds, Morpeth-Newcastle and [[Southampton]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mae.ro/en/romanian-missions#843|title=Romanian Missions {{!}} Ministry of Foreign Affairs|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Romania|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=1 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201165542/http://mae.ro/en/romanian-missions/#843|url-status=live}}</ref>

* The United Kingdom is accredited to Romania through its embassy in [[Bucharest]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bucharest|title=British Embassy Bucharest|website=GOV.UK|access-date=7 February 2024}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], [[NATO]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Russia }}||{{Date table sorting|1553}}||See [[Russia–United Kingdom relations]]

* Russia has an embassy in London and a consulate in Edinburgh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid.ru/bdomp/zu_r.nsf/0caf667a4db4419ac32575df0024f1fc/b080170a930cf3dbc32565e800360423!OpenDocument|title=Главная|website=www.mid.ru|access-date=23 November 2012|archive-date=7 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707192306/http://www.mid.ru/bdomp/zu_r.nsf/0caf667a4db4419ac32575df0024f1fc/b080170a930cf3dbc32565e800360423!OpenDocument|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid.ru/bdomp/zu_r.nsf/0caf667a4db4419ac32575df0024f1fc/33f7771b261ba2e1c32565e800360424!OpenDocument|title=Главная|website=www.mid.ru|access-date=23 November 2012|archive-date=28 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228185957/https://mid.ru/bdomp/zu_r.nsf/0caf667a4db4419ac32575df0024f1fc/33f7771b261ba2e1c32565e800360424%21OpenDocument|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Moscow and consulate generals in Ekaterinburg and Saint Petersburg.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-moscow|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018121432/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-moscow|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukinrussia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|title=British Embassy Moscow - GOV.UK|website=ukinrussia.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=15 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121215055825/http://ukinrussia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations|url-status=live}}</ref>
Spanning nearly five centuries, the relationship has often switched from a state of alliance to rivalry. Both countries were allies during World War I and II. During the Cold War, both countries participated in intense espionage activity against each other. In the early-21st century, especially following the [[poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko]] in 2006, relations became strained again, and since 2014 have grown more unfriendly due to the [[Russo-Ukrainian War]] and to activities by Russia such as the suspected 2018 [[poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal]], seen as hostile by the UK and by many in the Western world. In the wake of the poisoning, 28 countries expelled suspected Russian spies acting as diplomats.<ref>{{Cite web | url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/sergei-skripal-latest-salisbury-poisoning-attack-russia-nerve-agent-sergei-lavrov-a8284766.html | title= Russia says it could have been in interests of Britain to poison Sergei Skripal | website= [[Independent.co.uk]] | date= 2018-04-02 | quote= The Kremlin has reacted angrily to the expulsion of Russian diplomats by Britain and its allies, starting tit-for-tat expulsions. | access-date= 5 July 2020 | archive-date= 5 July 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200705044109/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/sergei-skripal-latest-salisbury-poisoning-attack-russia-nerve-agent-sergei-lavrov-a8284766.html | url-status= live }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|San Marino }}||{{Date table sorting|1899}}||See [[San Marino–United Kingdom relations]]

* San Marino has a consulate general in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://san-marino.visahq.com/embassy/United-Kingdom/|title=Embassy of San Marino in United Kingdom|website=san-marino.visahq.com|access-date=23 July 2009|archive-date=18 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918054826/http://san-marino.visahq.com/embassy/United-Kingdom/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has a [[consulate general]] to San Marino in Rome.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/embassies-and-posts/find-an-embassy-overseas/north-and-central-america/san-marino|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080908000835/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/embassies-and-posts/find-an-embassy-overseas/north-and-central-america/san-marino|url-status=dead|title=British Foreign Office website|archive-date=8 September 2008}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Serbia }}||{{Date table sorting|1837}}||See [[Serbia–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Serbia|diplomatic relations with Serbia]] on 20 February 1880.<ref name="serbia"/> 
* Serbia maintains an [[Embassy of Serbia, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.serbianembassy.org.uk/|title=Embassy of the Republic of Serbia in Great Britain|website=Serbian Embassy|access-date=23 July 2009|archive-date=27 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227072548/http://www.serbianembassy.org.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Serbia through its embassy in [[Belgrade]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinserbia.fco.gov.uk/en/|title=Serbia and the UK - GOV.UK|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 July 2009|archive-date=24 January 2009|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20090124051921/ukinserbia.fco.gov.uk/en/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[Council of Europe]], and [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Slovakia }}||{{Date table sorting|1993}}||See [[Slovakia–United Kingdom relations]]

* Slovakia has an embassy in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mzv.sk/App/WCM/ZU/LondynZU/main.nsf/vw_ByID/index_EN |title=Mfa.sk - Ministry of foreign affairs |access-date=2012-11-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603081653/http://www.mzv.sk/App/WCM/ZU/LondynZU/main.nsf/vw_ByID/index_EN |archive-date=3 June 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Bratislava]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ukinslovakia.fco.gov.uk/en|title=Slovakia and the UK - GOV.UK|website=ukinslovakia.fco.gov.uk|access-date=23 July 2009|archive-date=25 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090725075156/http://ukinslovakia.fco.gov.uk/en|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090227060930/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/europe/slovakia British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the relation with Slovakia]
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Slovenia }}||{{Date table sorting|1992}}||See [[Foreign relations of Slovenia]]

* Slovenia has an embassy in London <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.si/en/countries/the-united-kingdom/|title=United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland {{!}} Ministry of Foreign Affairs|website=www.mzz.gov.si|access-date=2021-01-28|archive-date=6 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206103833/https://www.gov.si/en/countries/the-united-kingdom/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Ljubljana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/slovenia|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=14 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214024757/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/slovenia|url-status=live}}</ref>
Both countries are members of NATO.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Spain }}||{{Date table sorting|1509}}||See [[Spain–United Kingdom relations]]

* Spain has an embassy in London and consulates general in Edinburgh and Manchester.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maec.es/subwebs/Embajadas/Londres/en/home/Paginas/homeen_emblondres.aspx |title=Embajada de EspaĆ±a en Londres |access-date=2012-11-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905150657/http://www.maec.es/Subwebs/Embajadas/londres/en/home/Paginas/homeen_emblondres.aspx |archive-date=5 September 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maec.es/subwebs/Embajadas/Londres/en/MenuPpal/LosConsulados/Paginas/consulates_emblondon.aspx |title=Embajada de EspaĆ±a en Londres |access-date=2012-11-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120903223323/http://www.maec.es/subwebs/Embajadas/Londres/en/MenuPpal/LosConsulados/Paginas/consulates_emblondon.aspx |archive-date=3 September 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in Madrid and consulates general in Barcelona and Madrid. The United Kingdom also has consulates in Bilbao, Ibiza, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca and Santa Cruz de Tenerife.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-madrid|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018130535/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-madrid|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukinspain.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|title=British Embassy Madrid - GOV.UK|website=ukinspain.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=20 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120044249/http://ukinspain.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|url-status=live}}</ref>
During the Second World War Spain remained neutral, but was perceived to be closely aligned with Nazi Germany. Following the end of the war, frosty relations continued between the two states until the end of the Franco era and the democratisation of Spain.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,<ref name="pac"/> and [[NATO]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Sweden }}||{{Date table sorting|1653}}||See [[Sweden–United Kingdom relations]]
* Sweden has an embassy in London as well as consulates general in Edinburgh and Gibraltar. Sweden also has consulates in Guernsey and Jersey as well as honorary consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Brighton, Bristol, Cardiff, Dover, Glasgow, Immingham, Lerwick, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle upon Tyne, Southampton and Stornonway.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.government.se/sb/d/5616/l/en/pd/5616/e/3518 |title=Storbritannien och Nordirland |access-date=2015-02-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221000133/http://www.government.se/sb/d/5616/l/en/pd/5616/e/3518 |archive-date=21 February 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Stockholm]] and honorary consulates in Gothenburg and Malmö.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/sweden|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018132351/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/sweden|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukinsweden.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|title=British Embassy Stockholm - GOV.UK|website=ukinsweden.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=2 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102125832/http://ukinsweden.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Switzerland }}||{{Date table sorting|1900}}||See [[Switzerland–United Kingdom relations]]

* Switzerland has an embassy in London and consulate general in Edinburgh. Switzerland also has consulates in Belfast, Cardiff, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Hamilton, Manchester and St Peter Port.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/eur/vgbr/ukemlo.html|title=Embassy of Switzerland in the United Kingdom|website=www.eda.admin.ch|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=8 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108062331/http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/eur/vgbr/ukemlo.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/eur/vgbr/ukcons.html |title=Consulates |access-date=2008-05-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501121206/http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/eur/vgbr/ukcons.html |archive-date=1 May 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Bern]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-berne|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018132515/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/embassy-berne|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Ukraine }}||{{Date table sorting|1991}}||See [[Ukraine–United Kingdom relations]]

* Ukraine opened an embassy in London in October 1992 and a consulate general in Edinburgh in February 2002.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.mfa.gov.ua/en/consular-affairs/contacts|title=Embassy of Ukraine to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|access-date=1 July 2019|archive-date=1 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701223111/https://uk.mfa.gov.ua/en/consular-affairs/contacts|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom Consulate-General in [[Kyiv]] opened in November 1991 and became an embassy in January 1992.<ref>[http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1087554796297 British embassy in Kyiv] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080813221314/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1087554796297 |date=13 August 2008 }}</ref>
* See also [[Ukrainian diaspora]]
*[http://www.fco.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029394365&a=KCountryProfile&aid=1019745009984 British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the relations with Ukraine]
|}

=== North America ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;" | Country
! style="width:12%;" | Formal relations began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}||{{Date table sorting|1981}}||See [[Antigua and Barbuda–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Antigua and Barbuda|diplomatic relations with Antigua and Barbuda]] on 1 November 1981.<ref name=":3"/> Both countries are [[Commonwealth Realms]].
* Antigua and Barbuda maintains an [[High Commission of Antigua and Barbuda, London|high commission]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://antigua-barbuda.com/|title=Home|website=Antigua and Barbuda High Commission London|access-date=6 February 2024}}</ref>
* United Kingdom is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda through its high commission in [[St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda|Saint John's]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-st-johns|title=British High Commission St John's|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 February 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed [[History of Antigua and Barbuda#British rule (1632–1981)|Antigua and Barbuda]] from 1632 to 1981, when Antigua and Barbuda achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]]; they are both parties of the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-CARIFORUM continuity Trade Agreement]].<ref name="CARIFORUM">{{cite web|url= https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/mar/22/uk-secures-post-brexit-trade-deal-with-group-of-caribbean-countries|website=The Guardian|title=UK secures post-Brexit trade deal with group of Caribbean countries|date=22 March 2019|access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Barbados}}||{{Date table sorting|1966}}||See [[Barbados–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Barbados|diplomatic relations with Barbados]] on 30 November 1966.<ref name="barbados"/>
* Antigua and Barbuda maintains an [[High Commission of Barbados, London|high commission]] in London.
* United Kingdom is accredited to Barbados through its high commission in [[Bridgetown]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-barbados|title=British High Commission Bridgetown|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 March 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed [[History of Barbados#Colonial history|Barbados]] from 1625 to 1966, when Barbados achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]]; they are both parties of the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-CARIFORUM continuity Trade Agreement]].<ref name="CARIFORUM"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Belize}}||{{Date table sorting|1981}}||See [[Belize–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Belize|diplomatic relations with Belize]] on 21 September 1981.<ref name="belize"/>  Both countries are [[Commonwealth Realms]].
* Belize maintains an [[High Commission of Belize, London|high commission]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://belizehighcommission.co.uk/|title=Welcome to Belize|website=Belize High Commission, London|access-date=19 February 2024}}</ref>
* United Kingdom is accredited to Belize from its high commission in [[Belmopan]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-belmopan|title=British High Commission Belmopan|website=GOV.UK|access-date=19 February 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed [[British Honduras|Belize]] from 1783 to 1981, when Belize achieved full [[Belize Act 1981|independence]].

Both countries share common membership of the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]], they are also both parties of the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-CARIFORUM continuity Trade Agreement]].<ref name="CARIFORUM"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Canada}}||{{Date table sorting|1880}}||See [[Canada–United Kingdom relations]]

Both nations enjoy a cooperative and intimate contact; the two countries are related through history, the Commonwealth of Nations, and their sharing of the same Head of State and [[monarch]].<ref name="dfait">{{cite web |url=http://geo.international.gc.ca/cip-pic/geo/united-kingdom-bb-en.aspx |title=Foreign Affairs - Canada in the World :: Home :: Canada in the World :: Country and Regional Information |access-date=2009-07-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503234009/http://geo.international.gc.ca/cip-pic/geo/united-kingdom-bb-en.aspx |archive-date=3 May 2008 |df=dmy-all }} Foreign Affairs - Canada-United Kingdom Relations</ref>  Both countries fought together in both World Wars, the [[Korean War]], and more recently cooperate in the coalition in the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|War in Afghanistan]].  Both are founding members of NATO, and also belong to the [[G7]] (and the [[G8]]). [[Winston Churchill]] said Canada was the "linchpin of the English-speaking world", as it connects two other [[Anglosphere|anglophone]] countries: the [[United States|US]] and the UK. These three countries were the first to share the knowledge of the [[atom bomb]] with each other, as all three worked on the [[Manhattan Project]] together.  Despite this shared history, the UK and Canada have grown apart economically.  The UK was Canada's largest trade partner in the 19th and early 20th centuries, but is now well down the list. However relations are still strong, with large migration between the two countries, as well as Canada having the highest favourable public opinion of the UK in the world. The UK is currently in the [[Accession of the United Kingdom to CPTPP|process of acceeding]] to the [[Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership]], of which Canada is a founding member.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Cuba}}||{{Date table sorting|1902}}||See [[Cuba–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}||1850||See [[Foreign relations of the Dominican Republic]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of the Dominican Republic|diplomatic relations with the Domican Republic]] on 6 March 1850.<ref name="dominicanrepublic"/>
* Dominican Republic maintains an [[Embassy of the Dominican Republic, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dominicanembassy.org.uk/the-embassy/about-us/|title=About Us|website=Embassy of the Dominican Republic in the United Kingdom|date=22 August 2016 |access-date=27 January 2024}}</ref>
* United Kingdom is accredited to Dominican Republic from its embassy in [[Santo Domingo]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-santo-domingo|title=British Embassy Santo Domingo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=27 January 2024}}</ref>

The United Kingdom was the first country to recognize the Dominican Republic.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Dominican Republic |doi=10.1057/9780230270824|chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230270824_24| year=1953|series=The Statesman’s Year-Book |title=Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9780230270824|pages=912–917|isbn=9780230270824|editor1-last=Steinberg|editor1-first=S.H}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/> Both countries are parties of the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-CARIFORUM continuity Trade Agreement]].<ref name="CARIFORUM"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|El Salvador}}||1883||See [[Foreign relations of El Salvador]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of El Salvador|diplomatic relations with El Salvador]] in 1883.<ref name="elsalvador"/>
* El Salvador maintains an [[Embassy of El Salvador, London|embassy]] in London.
* United Kingdom is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in [[San Salvador]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-san-salvador|title=British Embassy San Salvador|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 January 2024}}</ref>
Both countries are parties of the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-Central America continuity Trade Agreement]].<ref name="CAFTA">{{cite web|title=UK and Central America sign continuity agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-central-america-sign-continuity-agreement|date=18 July 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 December 2023}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Grenada}}||{{Date table sorting|1974}}||See [[Grenada–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Haiti}}||1859||See [[Foreign relations of Haiti]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Haiti|diplomatic relations with Haiti]] on 13 May 1859.<ref name="haiti" />
* Haiti maintains an [[Embassy of Haiti, London|embassy]] in London.
* United Kingdom is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in [[Port-au-Prince]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-port-au-prince|title=British Embassy Port-au-Prince|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 February 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Honduras}}||1849||See [[Foreign relations of Honduras]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Honduras|diplomatic relations with Honduras]] on 16 June 1849, when Frederick Chatfield was appointed Charge d'Affaires despite being based in Guatemala.<ref name="honduras" />
* Honduras maintains an [[Embassy of Honduras, London|embassy]] in London.
* United Kingdom is accredited to Honduras from its embassy in [[Guatemala City]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-guatemala|title=British Embassy Guatemala City|website=GOV.UK|access-date=17 January 2024}}</ref>
Both countries are parties of the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-Central America continuity Trade Agreement]].<ref name="CAFTA"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Mexico}}||{{Date table sorting|1824}}||See [[Mexico–United Kingdom relations]]

The United Kingdom was the first country in Europe to recognize Mexico's Independence.<ref>{{cite web|title= State Banquet at Buckingham Palace, Mexican State Visit, 30&nbsp;March 2009|url= http://www.royal.gov.uk/LatestNewsandDiary/Speechesandarticles/2009/StateBanquetatBuckinghamPalaceMexicanStateVisit30M.aspx|publisher= Official web site of the British Monarchy|access-date= 2009-04-08|archive-date= 30 December 2009|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091230053116/http://www.royal.gov.uk/LatestNewsandDiary/Speechesandarticles/2009/StateBanquetatBuckinghamPalaceMexicanStateVisit30M.aspx|url-status= live}}</ref> The relationship between the two nations began after the [[Pastry War]] when the United Kingdom aided Mexico against France. Also, relations improved when Mexico joined the British alongside [[Allies of World War II|the Allies]] to fight the Japanese forces in the [[Pacific War]]. 
* Mexico has an embassy in London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/reinounido/index.php/es/|title=Inicio|website=embamex.sre.gob.mx|access-date=17 December 2019|archive-date=19 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219212555/https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/reinounido/index.php/es/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Mexico City]], a consulate-general in [[Cancún]] and a consulate in [[Monterrey]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-mexico-city|title=British Embassy Mexico City - GOV.UK|website=www.gov.uk|access-date=7 January 2019|archive-date=11 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211133748/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-mexico-city|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Nicaragua}}||{{Date table sorting|1859}}||See [[Foreign relations of Nicaragua]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Nicaragua|diplomatic relations with Nicaragua]] on 22 February 1859.<ref name="nicaragua" />
*Nicaragua maintains an [[Embassy of Nicaragua, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rbkc.gov.uk/contactsdirectory/az.aspx?searchletter=g&orgid=5186|title=Embassy of Nicaragua|website=Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea|access-date=16 January 2024}}</ref>
*The United Kingdom maintains an embassy in [[Managua]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-managua|title=British Embassy Managua|website=GOV.UK|access-date=16 January 2024}}</ref>
Both countries are parties of the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-Central America continuity Trade Agreement]].<ref name="CAFTA" />
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Panama}}||{{Date table sorting|1904}}||See [[Foreign relations of Panama]]
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Panama City]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.panamaconsul.co.uk|title=Consulate General of Panama in London|website=www.panamaconsul.co.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=4 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204134400/http://panamaconsul.co.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Panama has an embassy in London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukinpanama.fco.gov.uk/en/|title=UK and Panama - UK and the world - GOV.UK|website=ukinpanama.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=9 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209112908/http://ukinpanama.fco.gov.uk/en/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The UK and Panama have a strong bilateral relationship.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}||{{Date table sorting|1979}}||See [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines–United Kingdom relations]]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|United States}}||{{Date table sorting|1783}}||See [[United Kingdom–United States relations]]
[[File:Barack Obama and David Cameron on White House South Lawn.jpg|right|thumb|United States President [[Barack Obama]] talks to British Prime Minister [[David Cameron]] on the South Lawn of the [[White House]], 20 July 2010.]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of the United States|diplomatic relations with the United States]] on 1 June 1785.<ref name="usa">{{cite web |title=The United Kingdom - Countries - Office of the Historian |url=https://history.state.gov/countries/united-kingdom |access-date=February 19, 2015}}</ref> UK-US diplomatic relations is commonly described as the "[[Special Relationship]]".
*The United States maintains an [[Embassy of the United States, London|embassy in London]].
* The United Kingdom is accredited to its [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Washington, D.C.|embassy]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-washington|title=British High Embassy Washington|website=GOV.UK|access-date=19 January 2024}}</ref>

The [[Thirteen Colonies|United States]] declared its [[United States Declaration of Independence|independence]] from the United Kingdom on 4 July 1776.<ref name="usa" /> Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,<ref name="pac">{{cite news|date=19 September 2023|title=US unveils Atlantic co-operation pact|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/56706df4-f39b-4ab5-8acf-b252176d172d|access-date=19 January 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119085952/https://www.ft.com/content/56706df4-f39b-4ab5-8acf-b252176d172d|archive-date=19 January 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> [[AUKUS]], [[Five Eyes]], the [[G7]], the [[G20]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]], [[UKUSA Agreement]], and the [[United Nations Security Council|UNSC]]. Bilateral agreements between the two countries include the [[US–UK Mutual Defence Agreement]], and a proposed [[United Kingdom–United States free trade agreement|free trade agreement]].
|}

=== Oceania ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;" | Formal relations began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Australia}}||{{Date table sorting|1936}}||See [[Australia–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Australia|diplomatic relations with Australia]] in March 1936.<ref name=":7"/> Both countries are [[Commonwealth Realms]].
*Australia maintains a [[High Commission of Australia, London|high commission]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.embassy.gov.au/lhlh/home.html|title=Home|website=Australian High Commission {{!}} United Kingdom|access-date=17 February 2024}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is accredited to its [[High Commission of the United Kingdom, Canberra|high commission]] in [[Canberra]], the UK also maintains consulate genrals in [[Brisbane]], [[Melbourne]], and [[Sydney]], additionally the UK maintains a consulate in [[Perth]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-canberra|title=British High Commission Canberra|website=GOV.UK|access-date=17 February 2024}}</ref>

The UK governed Australia from the late 18th century until [[Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942|1942]], when Australia achieved full independence. 

Both countries share common membership of [[AUKUS]], the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]], [[Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership|CPTPP]], [[Five Eyes]], the [[Five Power Defence Arrangements]], the [[G20]], [[OECD]], and the [[UKUSA Agreement]]. The two countries have a bilateral [[Australia–United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement|free trade agreement]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Nauru}}||{{Date table sorting|1968}}||See Nauru–United Kingdom relations

Nauru was part of the [[British Western Pacific Territories]] from September 1914 and June 1921.<ref>[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nauru.html "Nauru"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329124252/https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nauru.html |date=29 March 2020 }}, World Statesmen.org</ref> The British Government had ceased to exercise any direct role in the governance of Nauru by 1968, when the island achieved its independence. The Nauruan government maintains an Hon. Consul, Martin W I Weston. The [[British High Commission]] in [[Suva]] is responsible for the United Kingdom's bilateral relations with Nauru.<ref>[http://ukinfiji.fco.gov.uk/en/ "UK in Fiji"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090705082831/http://ukinfiji.fco.gov.uk/en |date=5 July 2009 }}, British High Commission in Fiji</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|New Zealand}}||{{Date table sorting|1939}}||See [[New Zealand–United Kingdom relations]]

Up to about the 1960s, New Zealand also had extremely close economic relations with the United Kingdom, especially considering the distance at which trade took place. As an example, in 1955, Britain took 65.3 per cent of New Zealand's exports, and only during the following decades did this dominant position begin to decline as the United Kingdom oriented itself more towards the European Union, with the share of exports going to Britain having fallen to only 6.2 per cent in 2000.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Zealand's Export Markets year ended June 2000 (provisional)|url=http://www2.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/PASFull/pasfull.nsf/b45013b35df34b774c2567ed00092825/4c2567ef00247c6acc256965007ea4a8?OpenDocument|publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]]|access-date=2008-06-15|date=June 2000|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100515102632/http://www2.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/PASFull/pasfull.nsf/b45013b35df34b774c2567ed00092825/4c2567ef00247c6acc256965007ea4a8?OpenDocument|archive-date=15 May 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Historically, some industries, such as [[dairy farming|dairying]], a major economic factor in the former colony, had even more dominant trade links, with 80–100 per cent of all cheese and butter exports going to Britain from around 1890 to 1940.<ref name="NZHA61">''New Zealand Historical Atlas'' - McKinnon, Malcolm (Editor); David Bateman, 1997, Plate 61</ref> This strong bond also supported the mutual feelings for each other in other areas.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}||{{Date table sorting|1975}}||See [[Papua New Guinea–United Kingdom relations]]

Papua New Guinea and the United Kingdom share Queen Elizabeth as their head of state. They have had relations since 1975 when Papua New Guinea gained independence from Australia.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Solomon Islands}}||{{Date table sorting|1978}}||See [[Foreign relations of Solomon Islands]]

The UK maintains a [[British High Commission]] in [[Honiara]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-honiara|title=British High Commission Honiara|website=GOV.UK|access-date=7 January 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Tonga}}||{{Date table sorting|1879}}||See [[Foreign relations of Tonga]]

The United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Tonga established formal mutual diplomatic recognition in 1879.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Tonga/History "Tonga: History"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809010732/https://www.britannica.com/place/Tonga/History |date=9 August 2020 }}, ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''</ref> Tonga was then a British protectorate from 1900 to 1970, whereupon diplomatic relations resumed at the level of sovereign states.<br>
|}

=== South America ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;" | Country
! style="width:12%;" | Formal relations began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Argentina}}||{{Date table sorting|1823}}||See [[Argentina–United Kingdom relations]]
* Diplomatic relations were cut off before the Falklands War, they were reinstated only in 1990, after the departure of [[Margaret Thatcher]] from the post of [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]].
* Argentina has an embassy in London<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.argentine-embassy-uk.org/|title=Argentine Embassy - London|website=www.argentine-embassy-uk.org|access-date=20 June 2009|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305002704/http://www.argentine-embassy-uk.org/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref>[http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1058275688674 British embassy in Buenos Aires] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528204058/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1058275688674 |date=28 May 2008}}</ref>
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110928023835/http://www.mrecic.gov.ar/portal/seree/ditra/uk.html List of Treaties ruling the relations Argentina and United Kingdom (Argentine Foreign Ministry, in Spanish)]

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Brazil}}||{{Date table sorting|1826}}||See [[Brazil–United Kingdom relations]]
* Brazil has an embassy in London and a consulate-general in Edinburgh.
* United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Brasília]] and consulates-general in [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Recife]], [[Rio de Janeiro]] and [[São Paulo]].

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Chile }}||{{Date table sorting|1844}}||See [[Chile–United Kingdom relations]]

Chile provided some assistance to Britain during the Falklands War since it was itself at risk of possible war with Argentina regarding the boundary between the two nations in the [[Beagle Channel]].<ref>Paolo Tripodi, "General Matthei's revelation and Chile's role during the Falklands War: A new perspective on the conflict in the South Atlantic." ''Journal of Strategic Studies'' (2003) 26#4 pp: 108–123.</ref> 
* The United Kingdom has embassies in Valparaíso, Puerto Montt, Punta Arenas and Santiago.
* Chile has an embassy in London.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Colombia}}||{{Date table sorting|1825}}||See [[Colombia–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Colombia|diplomatic relations with Colombia]] on 18 April 1825.<ref name="colombia" />
*Colombia maintains an [[Embassy of Colombia, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.colombianembassy.co.uk/en/embassy/other-locations/consulate-general |title=Consulate-General of Colombia in London|website=Embassy of Colombia to the United Kingdom |access-date=8 February 2024|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127123154/http://www.colombianembassy.co.uk/en/embassy/other-locations/consulate-general |archive-date=27 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Colombia through its embassy in [[Bogotá]] and two consulates in [[Cali]] and [[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-colombia|title=British Embassy Bogotá|website=GOV.UK|access-date=8 February 2024|archive-date=3 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203015135/https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-colombia|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the [[OECD]], as well as the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-Andean countries free trade agreement]].<ref name="andean">{{cite web|website=Reuters|title=Peru, Ecuador and Colombia sign trade deal with UK ahead of Brexit|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brexit-peru-idUSKCN1SL2LW|date=15 May 2019|access-date=26 November 2023}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Ecuador}}||{{Date table sorting|1853}}||See [[Foreign relations of Ecuador]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Ecuador|diplomatic relations with Ecuador]] on 29 January 1853.<ref name="ecuador"/>
*Ecuador maintains an [[Embassy of Ecuador, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cancilleria.gob.ec/londres/|title=Consulado del Ecuador en Londres|website=Consulado del Ecuador en Londres|access-date=10 February 2024|language=Spanish}}</ref>
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Ecuador through its embassy in [[Quito]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-in-ecuador|title=British Embassy Quito|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref>

Both countries are parties of the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-Andean countries free trade agreement]].<ref name="andean"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Guyana}}||{{Date table sorting|1966}}||See [[Foreign relations of Guyana]]

Formerly known as British Guiana (until 1966), it became the U.K.'s largest Commonwealth realm in South America upon the nation's independence the same year. In 1970, the nation transitioned to republic status through newly laid constitution and today both nations continue relations chiefly through the [[Commonwealth of Nations]]. Guyana is roughly the same physical size as the U.K. Due to proximity, Guyana predominately associates and identifies culturally with the close by [[Commonwealth Caribbean]] area and takes part in the [[West Indies Cricket Team]] as national sport. Ninety per cent of the nation's population of 800 thousand persons live on ten per cent of the nation's mostly coastal area while the nations' interior consists mostly of Amerindians and native rainforests.

* Guyana has a high commission in London.<ref>[http://www.guyanahclondon.co.uk/ High Commission of Guyana in London]</ref>
* United Kingdom has a high commission in Georgetown.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-high-commission-georgetown High Commission of the United Kingdom in Georgetown]</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Paraguay }}||{{Date table sorting|1853}}||See [[Paraguay–United Kingdom relations]]

Diplomatic relations between both countries were established on 4 March 1853, with the signing of a treaty of Friendship, Trade and Navigation. A dominant view in Paraguay and significant in all the [[Southern Cone]] is that the interests of the British Empire played a considerable role during the [[Paraguayan War]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Leslie Bethell|title=The Paraguayan War (1864-1870)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNcrAAAAYAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Institute of Latin American Studies|isbn=9781900039086|access-date=11 October 2016|archive-date=9 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209184538/https://books.google.com/books?id=XNcrAAAAYAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The United Kingdom is represented in Paraguay through its embassy in [[Buenos Aires]] ([[Argentina]]) and an honorary consulate in [[Asunción]].
* Paraguay has an embassy in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguayembassy.co.uk/|title=Embassy of Paraguay. London, UK|website=www.paraguayembassy.co.uk|access-date=17 July 2009|archive-date=6 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806055325/http://www.paraguayembassy.co.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090922202635/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/south-america/paraguay British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Paraguay]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071005200019/http://www.mre.gov.py/paginas/representaciones/Embajadas.asp?CodRepresentacion=41&tipo=1 Paraguayan Ministry of Foreign Relations about relations with the United Kingdom]
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Peru}}||{{Date table sorting|1823}}||See [[Peru–United Kingdom relations]]

The UK established [[Foreign relations of Peru|diplomatic relations with Peru]] on 10 October 1823.<ref name="peru" />
*Peru has an [[Embassy of Peru, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gob.pe/embajada-del-peru-en-reino-unido |title=Embajada del Perú en Reino Unido |website=Gob.pe|date=9 October 2023 |access-date=10 January 2024}}</ref>
*The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Lima]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-peru |title=British Embassy Lima |website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 January 2024}}</ref>

Both countries are members of [[Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership|CPTPP]] and the [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom#Active agreements|UK-Andean Countries Free Trade Agreement]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-perutrade-dialogue-building-for-the-future#:~:text=Ministers%20reflected%20that%20200%20years,face%20of%20increased%20climate%20challenges.|date=13 October 2023|title=UK-Peru Trade Dialogue: Building for the future|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 January 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Suriname}}||{{Date table sorting|1976}}||See [[Foreign relations of Suriname]] 
* United Kingdom is accredited to Suriname from its embassy in Georgetown, Guyana.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/suriname|title=UK help and services in Suriname|website=GOV.UK|access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
* Suriname has an embassy in London.<ref>{{cite web|date=3 September 2013|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/foreign-embassies-in-the-uk|title=Foreign embassies in the UK|access-date=21 November 2014}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Uruguay }}||{{Date table sorting|1825}}||See [[United Kingdom–Uruguay relations]]
* The UK played an important role in [[History of Uruguay|Uruguay's history]] until the end of World War II, after which the United States played an increasing role.
* The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Montevideo]].<ref>[http://www.britishembassy.org.uy/ British embassy in Montevideo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030804184122/http://britishembassy.org.uy/ |date=4 August 2003 }}</ref>
* Uruguay has an embassy in London.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090510033432/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/south-america/uruguay/ British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the relation with Uruguay]

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact.<ref name="pac"/>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Venezuela}}||{{Date table sorting|1834}}||See [[United Kingdom–Venezuela relations]]
The UK established [[Foreign relations of Venezuela|diplomatic relations with Venezuela]] on 29 October 1834.<ref name="venezuela" />
*The United Kingdom has an embassy in [[Caracas]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-venezuela|title=British Embassy Caracas|website=GOV.UK|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>
*Venezuela has an [[Embassy of Venezuela, London|embassy]] in London.
|}

==International organisations==
{{See also|United Kingdom and the United Nations}}

The United Kingdom is a member of the following international organisations:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/ |title=CIA World Factbook - United Kingdom |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=2011-03-10 |archive-date=9 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109221834/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

* [[Asian Development Bank|ADB]] - Asian Development Bank (nonregional member)
* [[African Development Bank|AfDB]] - African Development Bank (nonregional member)
* [[Arctic Council]] (observer)
* [[Australia Group]]
* [[Bank for International Settlements|BIS]] - Bank for International Settlements
* [[Commonwealth of Nations]]
* [[Council of the Baltic Sea States|CBSS]] - Council of the Baltic Sea States (observer)
* [[Caribbean Development Bank|CDB]] - Caribbean Development Bank
* [[Council of Europe]]
* [[European Organization for Nuclear Research|CERN]] - European Organization for Nuclear Research
* [[Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership|CPTPP]] - Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans–Pacific Partnership
* [[Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council|EAPC]] - Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
* [[European Bank for Reconstruction and Development|EBRD]] - European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
* [[European Investment Bank|EIB]] - European Investment Bank
* [[European Space Agency|ESA]] - European Space Agency
* [[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] - Food and Agriculture Organization
* [[Financial Action Task Force|FATF]] - Financial Action Task Force
* [[G-20 major economies|G-20]] - Group of Twenty
* [[Group of Five|G-5]] - Group of Five
* [[G7]] - Group of Seven
* [[G8]] - Group of Eight
* [[Group of Ten (economic)|G-10]] - Group of Ten (economics)
* [[Inter-American Development Bank|IADB]] - Inter-American Development Bank
* [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]] - International Atomic Energy Agency
* [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development|IBRD]] - International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (also known as the World Bank)
* [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]] - International Civil Aviation Organization
* [[International Chamber of Commerce|ICC]] - International Chamber of Commerce
* [[International Criminal Court|ICCt]] - International Criminal Court
* [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|ICRM]] - International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
* [[International Development Association|IDA]] - International Development Association
* [[International Energy Agency|IEA]] - International Energy Agency
* [[International Fund for Agricultural Development|IFAD]] - International Fund for Agricultural Development
* [[International Finance Corporation|IFC]] - International Finance Corporation
* [[International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies|IFRCS]] - International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
* [[International Hydrographic Organization|IHO]] - International Hydrographic Organization
* [[International Labour Organization|ILO]] - International Labour Organization
* [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]] - International Monetary Fund
* [[International Maritime Organization|IMO]] - International Maritime Organization
* [[International Mobile Satellite Organization|IMSO]] - International Mobile Satellite Organization
* [[Interpol (organization)|Interpol]] - International Criminal Police Organization
* [[International Olympic Committee|IOC]] - International Olympic Committee
* [[International Organization for Migration|IOM]] - International Organization for Migration
* [[Inter-Parliamentary Union|IPU]] - Inter-Parliamentary Union
* [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]] - International Organization for Standardization
* [[International Telecommunications Satellite Organization|ITSO]] - International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
* [[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]] - International Telecommunication Union
* [[International Trade Union Confederation|ITUC]] - International Trade Union Confederation
* [[Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency|MIGA]] - Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
* [[MONUSCO]] - United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
* [[NATO]] - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
* [[Nuclear Energy Agency|NEA]] - Nuclear Energy Agency
* [[Nuclear Suppliers Group|NSG]] - Nuclear Suppliers Group
* [[Organization of American States|OAS]] - Organization of American States (observer)
* [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]] - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
* [[Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons|OPCW]] - Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
* [[Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe|OSCE]] - Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
* [[Paris Club]]
* [[Permanent Court of Arbitration|PCA]] - Permanent Court of Arbitration
* [[Pacific Islands Forum|PIF]] - Pacific Islands Forum (partner)
* [[Southeast European Cooperative Initiative|SECI]] - Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (observer)
* [[United Nations|UN]] - United Nations
* [[United Nations Security Council|UNSC]] - United Nations Security Council
* [[United Nations Conference on Trade and Development|UNCTAD]] - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
* [[United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization|UNESCO]] -  United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
* [[United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus|UNFICYP]] - United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
* [[United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|UNHCR]] - United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
* [[UNIDO]] - United Nations Industrial Development Organization
* [[UNMIS]] - United Nations Mission in Sudan
* [[United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East|UNRWA]] - United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
* [[Universal Postal Union|UPU]] - Universal Postal Union
* [[World Customs Organization|WCO]] - World Customs Organization
* [[World Health Organization|WHO]] - World Health Organization
* [[World Intellectual Property Organization|WIPO]] - World Intellectual Property Organization
* [[World Meteorological Organization|WMO]] - World Meteorological Organization
* [[World Trade Organization|WTO]] - World Trade Organization
* [[Zangger Committee]] - (also known as the) Nuclear Exporters Committee

==See also==
* [[Timeline of British diplomatic history]]
* [[Timeline of European imperialism]]
* [[Anglophobia]]
* [[British diaspora]]
* [[History of the United Kingdom]]
* [[Soft power#United Kingdom|Soft power of the United Kingdom]]
* [[Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office]]
* [[Heads of United Kingdom Missions]]
* [[List of diplomatic missions of the United Kingdom]] 
* [[European Union–United Kingdom relations]]
* [[Latin America–United Kingdom relations]]
* [[Accession of the United Kingdom to CPTPP]]
* [[Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom]]
* [[United Kingdom–Crown Dependencies Customs Union]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==

* Casey, Terrence. ''The Blair Legacy: Politics, Policy, Governance, and Foreign Affairs'' (2009) [https://www.amazon.com/Blair-Legacy-Politics-Governance-Foreign/dp/0230216625/  excerpt and text search]
* Daddow, Oliver, and Jamie Gaskarth, eds. ''British foreign policy: the New Labour years'' (Palgrave, 2011)
* Daddow, Oliver. "Constructing a ‘great’ role for Britain in an age of austerity: Interpreting coalition foreign policy, 2010–2015." ''International Relations'' 29.3 (2015): 303-318.
* Dickie, John. ''The New Mandarins: How British Foreign Policy Works'' (2004)
* Dumbrell, John. ''A special relationship: Anglo-American relations from the Cold War to Iraq'' (2006)
* Finlan, Alastair. ''Contemporary Military Strategy and the Global War on Terror: US and UK Armed Forces in Afghanistan and Iraq 2001-2012'' (2014)

* Gallagher, Julia. "Healing the scar? Idealizing Britain in Africa, 1997–2007." ''African Affairs'' 108.432 (2009): 435-451 [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Julia-Gallagher-3/publication/249289692_Healing_The_Scar_Idealizing_Britain_in_Africa_1997-2007/links/56eabf8408ae95fa33c85abf/Healing-The-Scar-Idealizing-Britain-in-Africa-1997-2007.pdf online]

* Honeyman, V. C. "From Liberal Interventionism to Liberal Conservatism: the short road in foreign policy from Blair to Cameron." ''British Politics'' (2015). [http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/90411/ abstract]
* Lane, Ann. ''Strategy, Diplomacy and UK Foreign Policy'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2010)
* Leech, Philip, and Jamie Gaskarth. "British Foreign Policy and the Arab Spring." ''Diplomacy & Statecraft'' 26#1 (2015).
* Lunn, Jon, Vaughne Miller, Ben Smith. "British foreign policy since 1997 - Commons Library Research Paper RP08/56" (UK House of Commons, 2008) 123pp [http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/RP08-56.pdf online]{{Dead link|date=September 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Magyarics, Tamas. [https://www.e-ir.info/2019/03/13/balancing-in-central-europe-great-britain-and-hungary-in-the-1920s/ Balancing in Central Europe: Great Britain and Hungary in the 1920s]
* Seah, Daniel. "The CFSP as an aspect of conducting foreign relations by the United Kingdom: With Special Reference to the Treaty of Amity & Cooperation in Southeast Asia]" ''International Review of Law'' (2015)   "[https://dx.doi.org/10.5339/irl.2015.1 online]
* [[Robert William Seton-Watson|Seton-Watson, R. W.]] ''Britain in Europe (1789–1914): A Survey of Foreign Policy'' (1937)  [https://archive.org/download/in.ernet.dli.2015.226175/2015.226175.Britain-In.pdf online]

* Stephens,  Philip. '' Britain Alone: The Path from Suez to Brexit'' (2021) [https://www.amazon.com/Britain-Alone-Path-Suez-Brexit/dp/0571341772/ excerpted]

* Whitman, Richard G. "The calm after the storm? Foreign and security policy from Blair to Brown." ''Parliamentary Affairs'' 63.4 (2010): 834–848.  [https://purehost.bath.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/283584/Whitman_ParlAff_2010_63_4_834.pdf online]
* Williams, Paul. ''British Foreign Policy under New Labour'' (2005)
===Primary sources===
* Blair, Tony. ''A Journey: My Political Life'' (2010)

==External links==
*[http://www.fco.gov.uk/ Foreign and Commonwealth Office]
*[http://www.dfid.gov.uk/ Department for International Development]

{{UK bilateral relations}}{{Policies of the United Kingdom}}{{Foreign relations of Europe}}
{{United Kingdom topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Foreign Relations Of The United Kingdom}}
[[Category:Foreign relations of the United Kingdom| ]]
{{Навигационная таблица/Портал/Английская Википедия}}
[[Категория:Английская Википедия]]
[[Категория:Википедия]]
[[Категория:Статья из Википедии]]
[[Категория:Статья из Английской Википедии]]