Английская Википедия:-wich town

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Redirect A "-wich town" is a settlement in Anglo-Saxon England characterised by extensive artisanal activity and tradeШаблон:Spaced ndashan "emporium". The name is derived from the Anglo-Saxon suffix Шаблон:Strong, signifying "a dwelling[1] or fortified[2] place".

Such settlements were usually coastal Шаблон:Cn and many have left material traces found during excavation.[3]

Eilert Ekwall wrote: Шаблон:Quote

As well as -wich, -Шаблон:Lang was the origin of the endings Шаблон:Strong and Шаблон:Strong,[4] as, for example, in Papplewick, Nottinghamshire.

Four former "-wīc towns" are known in England as the consequence of excavation. Two of theseШаблон:Spaced ndashJorvik (Jorwic) in present-day York and Lundenwic near LondonШаблон:Spaced ndashare waterfront sites, while the other two, Hamwic in Southampton and Gipeswic (Gippeswic) in Ipswich are further inland.[5]

By the eleventh century, the use of -wich in placenames had been extended to include areas associated with salt production. At least nine English towns and cities carry the suffix although only five of them tend to be associated with salt: Droitwich in Worcestershire and the four -wich towns of Middlewich, Nantwich, Northwich and Leftwich in Cheshire.

Шаблон:Quotation

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

  1. Шаблон:Cite web
  2. Шаблон:Cite book
  3. Simon T. Loseby, "Power and towns in Late Roman Britain and early Anglo-Saxon England" in Gisela Ripoll and Josep M. Gurt, eds., Sedes regiae (ann. 400-800) (Barcelona, 2000), especially p. 356 ff.
  4. Шаблон:Cite web
  5. R. Hodges, The Anglo-Saxon Achievement: archaeology and the beginnings of English society, 1989:69–104; and, as emporia, C. Scull, "Urban centres in pre-Viking England?" in J. Hines, ed. The Anglo-Saxons from the Migration Period to the Eighth Century: an ethnological perspective, 1997:269-98.