Английская Википедия:1,3,5-Triazido-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene

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Шаблон:Chembox

1,3,5-Triazido-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, also known as TATNB (triazidotrinitrobenzene) and TNTAZB (trinitrotriazidobenzene), is an aromatic high explosive composed of a benzene ring with three azido groups (-NШаблон:Sub) and three nitro groups (-NOШаблон:Sub) alternating around the ring, giving the chemical formula CШаблон:Sub(NШаблон:Sub)Шаблон:Sub(NOШаблон:Sub)Шаблон:Sub. Its detonation velocity is 7,350 meters per second, which is comparable to TATB (triaminotrinitrobenzene).

Preparation

The compound was first synthesized in 1924 by Oldřich Turek.[1] It can be prepared by the reaction of 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene with sodium azide. 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene is obtained from the nitration of 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene with nitric acid and sulfuric acid.[1]

Synthesis of 1,3,5-triazido-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene from 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene

Another route uses the nitration of 1,3,5-triazido-2,4-dinitrobenzene.[2]

Properties

Chemical Properties

Even at low temperatures, the compound slowly decomposes by giving off nitrogen gas, converting into benzotrifuroxan. This reaction proceeds quantitatively within 14 hours at 100 °C.[1] As a solution in m-xylene, first order kinetics were observed for the decomposition, with a half-life of 340 minutes at 70 °C, 89 minutes at 80 °C, and 900 seconds at 100 °C.[3]

Decomposition of 1,3,5-triazido-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene

The compound explodes if rapidly heated above 168 °C.[2]

References

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