Английская Википедия:100th meridian west

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Шаблон:Location map-line Шаблон:Kml

The meridian 100° west of the Prime Meridian of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 100th meridian west forms a great circle with the 80th meridian east.

In the United States, this meridian roughly marks the boundary between the semi-arid climate in the west and the humid continental and humid subtropical climates in the east and is used as shorthand to refer to that arid-humid boundary.

From Pole to Pole

Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 100th meridian west passes through:

Co-ordinates Country, territory or sea Notes
Шаблон:Coord Arctic Ocean
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:CAN NunavutMeighen Island
Шаблон:Coord Peary Channel
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:CAN NunavutEllef Ringnes Island
Шаблон:Coord Unnamed waterbody
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:CAN NunavutBerkeley Islands and Bathurst Island
Шаблон:Coord Parry Channel
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:CAN NunavutPrince of Wales Island
Шаблон:Coord M'Clintock Channel
Шаблон:Coord Larsen Sound Passing just east of Gateshead Island, Nunavut, Шаблон:CAN (at Шаблон:Coord)
Шаблон:Coord Victoria Strait
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:CAN NunavutRoyal Geographical Society Islands
Шаблон:Coord Queen Maud Gulf Passing just east of Hat Island, Nunavut, Шаблон:CAN (at Шаблон:Coord)
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:CAN Nunavut
Manitoba — from Шаблон:Coord, passing just west of Brandon
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:USA North Dakota
South Dakota — from Шаблон:Coord
Nebraska — from Шаблон:Coord
Kansas — from Шаблон:Coord
Oklahoma — from Шаблон:Coord
Texas / Oklahoma border — from Шаблон:Coord
Texas — from Шаблон:Coord
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:MEX Coahuila
Nuevo León — from Шаблон:Coord
Tamaulipas — from Шаблон:Coord
San Luis Potosí — from Шаблон:Coord
Tamaulipas — from Шаблон:Coord
San Luis Potosí — from Шаблон:Coord
Guanajuato — from Шаблон:Coord
Querétaro — from Шаблон:Coord
State of Mexico — from Шаблон:Coord
Guerrero — from Шаблон:Coord, passing just west of Acapulco
Шаблон:Coord Pacific Ocean
Шаблон:Coord Southern Ocean
Шаблон:Coord Antarctica Unclaimed territory

United States

Файл:100th meridian US.svg
Part of the border between Texas and Oklahoma is defined by the 100th meridian west
Файл:Directors of the Union Pacific Railroad on the 100th meridian approximately 250 miles west of Omaha, Nebr. Terr. The tra - NARA - 530892.jpg
Directors of the Union Pacific Railroad gather on the meridian in the Nebraska Territory at what is now Cozad, Nebraska, in 1866
Файл:Sign at the 100th meridian on U.S. Highway 30 in Cozad, Nebraska.jpg
Sign marking the 100th meridian in Cozad, Nebraska; photograph taken 138 years after the preceding photograph in October 2004

In the United States the meridian 100° west of Greenwich forms the eastern border of the Texas panhandle with Oklahoma (which traces its origin to the Adams-Onís Treaty in 1819 which settled the border between New Spain and the United States between the Red River and Arkansas River). Dodge City, Kansas lies exactly at the intersection of the Arkansas River and the 100th meridian.

As first noted by John Wesley Powell in the 1870s, there is a big difference in rainfall by the different sides of the meridian. In the central Great Plains, it roughly marks the western boundary of the normal reach of moist air from the Gulf of Mexico, and the approximate boundary (although some areas do push the boundary slightly farther east) between the semi-arid climate to the west and the humid continental (north of about 37°N) and humid subtropical (south of about 37°N) climates to the east. West of the meridian, raising livestock is much more economically important than east of it, and what agriculture does exist relies heavily on irrigation. Historically, the meridian has often been taken as a rough boundary between the eastern and western United States. White settlement, spreading westward after the American Civil War, settled the area around this meridian during the 1870s.

A sign across U.S. Highway 30 in Cozad, Nebraska, marks the place where the 100th meridian intersects with the routes of the Oregon Trail, Pony Express, transcontinental railroad, and the Lincoln Highway.

In popular culture

The song "At the Hundredth Meridian" by The Tragically Hip is about the 100th meridian west, specifically in Canada, and how it has traditionally been considered "where the great plains begin."[1]

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See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Geographical coordinates