Английская Википедия:12.7 cm/50 Type 3 naval gun
The 12.7 cm/50 Type 3 naval gun was a medium-caliber naval gun of the Imperial Japanese Navy used during World War II. It was the standard weapon for Japanese destroyers between 1928 and 1944 (except Akizuki and Matsu classes). It has been credited as a true dual-purpose gun, but this was more a nominal capability than real, as its bag propellant and need for hand ramming required the gun to be loaded at elevation angles of 5–10°. This dropped its rate of fire to a relatively slow 5–10 rounds per minute, and its training speed of only 6° per second meant that it had a great deal of difficulty engaging enemy aircraft with any chance of success.[1] After the end of World War II the gun remained in service on the two Japanese destroyers ceded to the Soviet Union and the Republic of China as war reparations.Шаблон:Citation needed
Description
The 50-caliber Шаблон:Cvt Type 3 gun was of built-up construction, originally with three and later two layers with the usual breech ring and breech bush.[2] It used a Welin interrupted screw breech and powder bags, unusual for guns of that caliber. The shell was fuzed manually on the loading tray before being rammed by hand and could only be loaded at elevations between 5° and 10°. All mounts used pusher-type shell hoists, but the powder bags were passed by hand.[3]
Mountings
These guns were first used in the twin gun Model A turret on the revolutionary Шаблон:Sclasss. These were the first weatherproof, splinterproof and gas-proof enclosed gun turrets ever mounted on a destroyer.[4] Guns in twin mounts were in individual cradles and could elevate separately. All twin gun mounts weighed approximately Шаблон:Convert. All mounts could traverse at 6° per second and could elevate at a rate between 6° and 12° per second although speeds up to 27° per second have been reported.[2]
The twin gun Model A mount was fitted with a Шаблон:Convert gun shield. Its guns could depress −5° and elevate to +40°. These mounts were deployed on the first ten Fubuki-class destroyers. The twin gun Model B mount had its elevation increased to 75° and was fitted in the rest of the Fubuki-class as well as the Шаблон:Sclass destroyers.[2] In order to save weight its gun shield was reduced to Шаблон:Cvt in thickness, but this proved too thin to withstand heavy seas and was later reinforced. The first four of the Шаблон:Sclass used the Model B mod 2 mount although how it differed from the earlier Model B mount is unknown. The last two of the Hatsuharu class, the Шаблон:Sclass, Шаблон:Sclass, and Шаблон:Sclass destroyers used the Model C which reduced its maximum elevation to 55°, but could depress to −7° and was supposedly lighter than earlier models[3] The Model D used by the Шаблон:Sclass and the Шаблон:Ship destroyers retained the depression limit of the Model C, but elevation returned to the 75° of the Model B.[1]
The Type A single mount could depress −7° and elevate to +75°,[3] but the Type B reduced the maximum elevation to 55°.[2] Both mounts weighed approximately Шаблон:Convert.[1] The Type A was fitted on the Hatsuharu class and the Type B on the Shiratsuyu-class destroyers.[2]
Ammunition
The gun normally fired a Шаблон:Cvt high-explosive shell, an illumination shell or an incendiary shrapnel round (Шаблон:Proper name) intended for anti-aircraft use. All of these shells weighed Шаблон:Cvt and used Шаблон:Cvt of 30 DC propellant. After 1943, a flat-nosed anti-submarine shell also became available. This had a minimum range of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum range of Шаблон:Convert. A new, heavier, but more streamlined, high-explosive projectile with a range of Шаблон:Convert was under development when the war ended.[1]
| Shell name | Weight | Filling Weight | Muzzle velocity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Common Type 0 high-explosive | Шаблон:Cvt | Шаблон:Cvt | Шаблон:Cvt |
| Common Type 1 high-explosive | Шаблон:Cvt | Шаблон:Cvt | Шаблон:Cvt |
| Illumination | Шаблон:Cvt | Not applicable | Шаблон:Cvt |
| Anti-submarine | Шаблон:Cvt | Шаблон:Cvt | Шаблон:Cvt |
| New Type high-explosive Projectile | Шаблон:Cvt | Шаблон:Cvt | Шаблон:Cvt |
See also
Weapons of comparable role, performance and era
- 5"/38-caliber gun: US Navy equivalent dual-purpose gun
- QF 4.5-inch Mk I – V naval gun: British equivalent dual-purpose gun
- 12.7 cm SK C/34 naval gun: German equivalent limited to low-angle fire
- 12.8 cm FlaK 40: Dedicated anti-aircraft, land-based German gun of equal caliber
Notes
References
External links
Шаблон:WWIIJapaneseNavalWeapons Шаблон:Use dmy dates
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