Английская Википедия:16th Air Army

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Шаблон:Infobox military unit

The 16th Red Banner Air Army (Шаблон:Lang-ru) was the most important formation of the Special Purpose Command. Initially formed during the Second World War as a part of the Soviet Air Force, it was from its 2002 reformation to its 2009 disbandment the tactical air force component of the Moscow Military District. The 16th Air Army took part in the Battle of Berlin with 28 Aviation divisions and 7 Separate aviation regiments, and was located with the GSFG in East Germany until 1994. Withdrawn to Kubinka in that year, the army was disbanded and reformed as a corps in 1998. From 1949 to 1968, it was designated as the 24th Air Army.

World War II

The army began forming on 8 August 1942 during the Battle of Stalingrad and originally included the 220th Fighter Aviation Division (IAD) and 228th Assault Aviation Division (ShAD) of the 8th Air Army, as well as two separate aviation regiments. Around the end of August and the beginning of September, the 283rd IAD and 291st Mixed Aviation Division (SAD) arrived from the Reserve of the Supreme High Command. On 4 September, the army had 152 serviceable aircraft, composed of Yakovlev Yak-1 and Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighters, Ilyushin Il-2 Shturmovik ground attack aircraft, and Petlyakov Pe-2 dive bombers.

It took part in Operation Uranus, the counteroffensive that successfully cut off German troops in Stalingrad, as part of the Don Front during November and December 1942, under the command of Major General Sergei Rudenko.[1] On 19 November, when the offensive began, the army had a total of 249 serviceable aircraft.Шаблон:Sfn

It was involved in the Battle of Kursk, and was part of the First Belorussian Front for the liberation of Belarus, the Lublin-Brest Offensive, and the assault on Berlin.

In Germany

On 29 May 1945, Stavka directive No. 11095 was issued (effective from 10.6.45), by which order the 1st Belorussian Front became the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany. The order also promulgated the new structure of 16th Air Army:[2]

For a long period after the war, the army was stationed with the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, headquartered at Zossen-Wünsdorf. In 1949, it was renamed the 24th Air Army, but was reformed as the 16th in 1968.

Withdrawal from Germany

Файл:Схема размещения штаба и штабов армий ЗГВ на 1991 год.png
Armies of the Western Group of Forces, 1991
Файл:FP Sperenberg.jpg
Sperenberg airfield, one of the main bases of the air army

The 16th Air Army ceremonially said farewell to Germany at the Sperenburg Open Day on 27 May 1994.[3] On that day the Air Army Headquarters was moved to Kubinka in the Moscow Military District.[4] However the last aircraft from the 226th Separate Mixed Aviation Regiment did not leave Sperenberg Airfield until 6 September 1994. A visiting Il-76MD was the last aircraft movement three days later.

In 1989 it consisted of subordinate units and formations as follows:[5]

Headquarters, Zossen-Wünsdorf
See also

Шаблон:Main

Airfields on German territory

The list below contains the main airfields of the 16th Air Army. The appropriate airfield call sign with the correlating nickname of the communications center is put in "quotation marks":

site call sign coms center
(nickname)
coordinates
Ahlstedt «vodoyom (Шаблон:Lang-ru «tonus (тонус)» tbd
Altenburg airfield «proran (проран)» «stolbik (столбик)» Шаблон:Coord
Altes Lager airfield «lektsya (лекция)» «kniga (книга)» Шаблон:Coord
Brand airfield «zveroboy (зверобой)» «prosyolok (просёлок)» Шаблон:Coord
Brandis airfield «zapayka (запайка)» «optika (oптика)» Шаблон:Coord
Damgarten airfield «sobol (cоболь)» «urozhay (урожай)» Шаблон:Coord
Dresden «aryol (aрёол)» «mebel, lira (мебель, лира)» tbd
Falkenberg airfield «baikal (байкал)» «samokatsik (самокатчик)» Шаблон:Coord
Finow airfield «narzan (нарзан)» «napayka, meshalka (напайка мешалка)» Шаблон:Coord
Finsterwalde airfield «gorodok (городок)» «probar (проба)» Шаблон:Coord
Grossenhain airfield «ararat (aрарат)» «tsekan bagatzrskiy (чекан, богатырский)» Шаблон:Coord
Köthen airfield «zemelnyi (земельный)» «zenitnyi (зенитный)» Шаблон:Coord
Mahlwinkel «osenniy (осенний)» «mukha, uksus (муха, уксус)» Шаблон:Coord
Magdeburg (Cochstedt) «садовый» «аэроплан» Шаблон:Coord
Merseburg airfield «muskat (мускат)» «tsaevod, radost (чаевод, радость)» Шаблон:Coord
Neuruppin «khuydor (хуторок)» «powodok, plavshchik (поводок, плавщик)» Шаблон:Coord
Nohra «voevoda (воевода)» «nagrad (нагар)» Шаблон:Coord
Oranienburg airfield «zadar (задар)» «rtunyi (ртутный)» Шаблон:Coord
Parchim airfield «pushistyi (пушистый)» «klits (клич)» Шаблон:Coord
Rechlin–Lärz Airfield «gusar (гусар)» «metallist (металлист)» Шаблон:Coord
Stendal-Borstel airfield «kukan (кукан)» «kumysny (кумысный)» Шаблон:Coord
Sperenberg airfield «souvenir (сувенир)» «izvoztsik (извозчик)» Шаблон:Coord
Templin airfield (Groß Dölln) «leopard (леопард)» «nozh, povelitel (нож, повелитель)» Шаблон:Coord
Tutow airfield (Demmin) «baas (баас)» «serdolik (сердолик)» Шаблон:Coord
Welzow airfield «baas (баас)» «serdolik (сердолик)» Шаблон:Coord
Werneuchen airfield «galerny (лагерный)» «postament (постамент)» Шаблон:Coord
Wittstock aifield «gazovy (газовый)» «postament (подкос, водонос)» Шаблон:Coord
Zerbst «karetny (каретный)» «kinzhal, tsaynik (кинжал, чайник)» Шаблон:Coord

In the Russian Federation

On 1 June 1998, the 16th Air Army was disbanded and its units incorporated into the Moscow District of VVS and PVO, in accordance with the amalgamation of the Air Forces and the Russian Air Defence Forces (former Soviet Air Defence Forces).[4] This was quickly reversed and on 25 November 1998, the 16th Mixed Aviation Corps was formed from the former units of the army. The corps was reformed as the 16th Air Army on 1 February 2002.[8]

Savasleyka is another airbase within the Moscow Military District's boundaries, but its exact operational status is currently unclear, as the formerly resident unit, the 54th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, was not listed as operational in the most widely available recent survey of Russian air power, which was done by Air Forces Monthly in August and September 2007. The 54th Regiment had previously been withdrawn from Vainode Air Base in Latvia.[9] Russian internet sources now say it has been reorganised as the 3958th Air Base.[10]

The 16th Air Army was planned in 2007 to receive two regiments of the advanced Sukhoi Su-34 Fullback fighter-bombers.Шаблон:Citation needed

As part of the extensive reorganization of the Russian Air Force in 2009, the army was withdrawn from the Special Purpose Command on 1 July, and its disbandment was completed by 1 December.[11] Most of its units were transferred to the 1st Air and Air Defence Forces Command.

2007 structure

16th Air ArmyKubinka[12]

Commanding generals

Commanding generals of the 16th Air Army were as follows: Шаблон:Columns-list

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

External links

Шаблон:Russian Air Force Шаблон:Armies of the Soviet Air Forces

  1. Шаблон:Cite web
  2. Шаблон:Cite web
  3. Chris Lofting & Kieron Pilbeam, 'Sperenburg,' Air Forces Monthly, February 1995, p. 41.
  4. 4,0 4,1 Pyotr Butowski, Air Power Analysis: Russian Federation, Part 2, International Air Power Review, AIRTime Publishing, No.13, Summer 2004, Шаблон:ISBN, p.87
  5. Шаблон:Cite book
  6. See also Michael Holm, 105th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Division, accessed November 2011
  7. Separate units list is translated from http://www.genstab.ru/gsvg_16.htm Шаблон:Webarchive, translation of base names from Orbat.com, Archive – Warsaw Pact in 1989 Шаблон:Webarchive
  8. Шаблон:Cite news
  9. 'Twin Base Training,' Air Forces Monthly, December 2002
  10. Шаблон:Cite web
  11. Шаблон:Cite news
  12. Шаблон:Cite magazine
  13. Шаблон:Cite web