Английская Википедия:1832–33 United States Senate elections
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox election The 1832–33 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1832 and 1833, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 1.
The Anti-Jacksonian coalition assumed control of the Senate from the Jacksonian coalition, despite Andrew Jackson's victory in the 1832 presidential election.
Change in composition
Before the elections
After the January 3, 1832 special election in Indiana.
As a result of the regular elections
At the beginning of the first session, December 2, 1833
| Key: |
|
|---|
Race summaries
Special elections during the 22nd Congress
In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1832 or before March 4, 1833; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Indiana (Class 1) |
Robert Hanna | Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Jacksonian | 1831 Шаблон:Small | Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Interim appointee retired when elected successor qualified. New senator elected January 3, 1832. Winner was also elected to the next term, see below. Jacksonian gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Virginia (Class 2) |
Littleton Waller Tazewell | Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | [[1824 United States Senate special election in Virginia|1824 Шаблон:Small]] 1829 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian/Hold | Incumbent resigned July 16, 1832. New senator elected December 10, 1832. Jacksonian hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| South Carolina (Class 2) |
Robert Y. Hayne | Шаблон:Party shading/Nullifier | Nullifier | 1822 1828 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Hold | Incumbent resigned December 13, 1832 to become Governor of South Carolina. New senator elected December 29, 1832. Nullifier hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| New York (Class 3) |
William L. Marcy | Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | 1831 | Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian/Hold | Incumbent resigned January 1, 1833 to become Governor of New York. New senator elected January 4, 1833. Jacksonian hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Races leading to the 23rd Congress
In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1833; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Connecticut | Samuel A. Foot | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Jacksonian | 1826 | Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian/Hold | Incumbent lost re-election, and was then elected to the U.S. House of Representatives instead. New senator elected in 1832. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Delaware | Arnold Naudain | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Jacksonian | [[1830 United States Senate special election in Delaware|1830 Шаблон:Small]] | Incumbent re-elected in 1832. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Indiana | John Tipton | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | [[1832 United States Senate special election in Indiana|1832 Шаблон:Small]] | Incumbent re-elected in 1832. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Maine | John Holmes | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Jacksonian | [[1820 United States Senate elections in Maine|1820 Шаблон:Small]] [[1820 United States Senate elections in Maine|1820 Шаблон:Small]] 1826 Шаблон:Small [[1829 United States Senate special election in Maine|1829 Шаблон:Small]] |
Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Retired. Winner elected January 23, 1833. Jacksonian gain |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Maryland | Samuel Smith | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | 1802 1809 1815 Шаблон:Small [[1822 United States Senate special election in Maryland|1822 Шаблон:Small]] 1827 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1833. Anti-Jacksonian gain |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Massachusetts | Daniel Webster | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Jacksonian | [[1827 United States Senate election in Massachusetts|1827 Шаблон:Small]] | Incumbent re-elected in 1833. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Mississippi | John Black | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | 1832 Шаблон:Small | Шаблон:Party shading/Loss | Legislature failed to elect. Jacksonian loss. Incumbent would later be elected as an Anti-Jacksonian, see below. |
Шаблон:Dm |
| Missouri | Thomas H. Benton | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | 1821 1827 |
Incumbent re-elected in 1833. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| New Jersey | Mahlon Dickerson | Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | 1817 1823 1829 Шаблон:Small [[1829 United States Senate special election in New Jersey|1829 Шаблон:Small]] |
Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1833. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| New York | Charles E. Dudley | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | [[1829 United States Senate special election in New York|1829 Шаблон:Small]] | Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian/Hold | Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1833. Jacksonian hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Ohio | Benjamin Ruggles | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Jacksonian | 1815 1821 1827 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1833. Jacksonian gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Pennsylvania | George M. Dallas | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | [[1831 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|1831 Шаблон:Small]] | Шаблон:Party shading/Loss | Incumbent retired. Legislature failed to elect. Jacksonian loss. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Rhode Island | Asher Robbins | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Jacksonian | [[1825 United States Senate special election in Rhode Island|1825 Шаблон:Small]] 1827 |
Incumbent re-elected January 19, 1833. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Tennessee | Felix Grundy | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | [[1829 United States Senate special election in Tennessee|1829 Шаблон:Small]] | Incumbent re-elected in 1833. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Vermont | Horatio Seymour | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Jacksonian | 1821 1827 |
nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian/Hold | Incumbent retired to run for Vermont Governor. New senator elected in 1833. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Virginia | John Tyler | nowrap Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | 1827 | Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Incumbent re-elected as an Anti-Jacksonian in 1833. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Elections during the 23rd Congress
There were two late regular elections and two special elections, in which the winners were seated in 1833 after March 4. They are ordered here by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Georgia (Class 3) |
George Troup | Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Jacksonian | [[1816 United States Senate special election in Georgia|1816 Шаблон:Small]] 1816 1818 Шаблон:Small 1828 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian/Hold | Incumbent resigned November 8, 1833. Successor elected November 21, 1833. Jacksonian hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Mississippi (Class 1) |
Vacant | Шаблон:Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian | Legislature had failed to elect and the seat was vacant from March 4, 1833. Incumbent Jacksonian appointee was then elected as an Anti-Jacksonian late November 22, 1833. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist | ||
| South Carolina (Class 3) |
Stephen D. Miller | Шаблон:Party shading/Nullifier | Nullifier | 1830 | Шаблон:Party shading/Hold | Incumbent resigned March 2, 1833 due to ill health. Successor elected November 26, 1833. Nullifier hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Pennsylvania (Class 1) |
Vacant | Шаблон:Party shading/Jacksonian | Legislature had previously failed to elect. Successor elected late December 7, 1833. Jacksonian gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist | ||
Connecticut
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Delaware
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Georgia (special)
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section Jacksonian George Troup resigned November 8, 1833 and Jacksonian John Pendleton King was elected November 21, 1833 to finish the term that would end March 3, 1835.
Indiana
Class 1 Anti-Jacksonian senator James Noble died February 26, 1831, having served in office since statehood in 1816. Anti-Jacksonian Robert Hanna was appointed August 19, 1831 to serve until a special election, and Hanna did not run for the seat.
Indiana (special)
On January 3, 1832, Jacksonian John Tipton was elected to finish Noble's term, ending March 3, 1833. Шаблон:Expand section
Indiana (regular)
That same day, Jacksonian John Tipton was also elected to the next term, beginning March 4, 1833. Шаблон:Expand section
Maine
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Maryland
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section Шаблон:Infobox election
Joseph Kent won election over Samuel Smith by a margin of 41.86%, or 36 votes, for the Class 1 seat.[2]
Massachusetts
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Mississippi
Jacksonian senator Powhatan Ellis resigned July 16, 1832 to become a U.S. District Judge. The governor appointed Jacksonian John Black to finish the term. But when the term ended March 3, 1833, the legislature had failed to appoint a successor.
Black was eventually elected to the seat November 22, 1833, this time as an Anti-Jacksonian.
Missouri
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
New Jersey
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
New York
New York (special)
Шаблон:Main William L. Marcy had been elected in 1831 to the class 3 seat. In November 1832, Marcy was elected Governor, and upon taking office resigned his Senate seat on January 1, 1833.
On January 4, 1833, Silas Wright Jr. was the choice of both the Assembly and the Senate and was declared elected.
| Candidate | Party | Senate (32 members) |
Assembly (128 members) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Silas Wright Jr. | Jacksonian | 24 | 99 |
| John C. Spencer | Anti-Mason | 3 | 8 |
| James Burt | 1 | 2 | |
| Gerrit Smith | 1 | 1 | |
| James Kent | 4 | ||
| Albert Gallatin | 3 | ||
| Gideon Hawley | 3 | ||
| John Birdsall | Anti-Mason | 1 | |
| Myron Holley | 1 | ||
| William Thompson | 1 | ||
| Albert H. Tracy | Anti-Mason | 1 | |
| Samuel A. Foot | 1 |
New York (regular)
Шаблон:Main For the regular election, Nathaniel P. Tallmadge received majorities in both the Assembly and the Senate, and was declared elected. Due to the controversy about his eligibility, he received only very small majorities - one more than necessary in the Senate, and four more than necessary in the Assembly - although his party had large majorities in both houses of the Legislature.
| House | Jacksonian | Anti-Mason/National Republican | Jacksonian | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State Senate (32 members) | Nathaniel P. Tallmadge | 18 | Francis Granger | 6 | Benjamin F. Butler | 2 |
| State Assembly (128 members) | Nathaniel P. Tallmadge | 69 | Francis Granger | 25 | Benjamin F. Butler | 12 |
Ohio
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Pennsylvania
Шаблон:Main Шаблон:See also The election was held on eleven separate dates from December 1832 to December 1833. On December 7, 1833, Samuel McKean was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.[3][4]
The Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, convened on December 11, 1832, for the regularly scheduled Senate election for the term beginning on March 4, 1833. A total of thirty-six ballots were recorded. Ballots 1-17 were recorded on four separate dates (11th, 12th, 13th, 15th) in December 1832. Ballots 18-21 were recorded on two separate dates (9th and 10th) in January 1833. Ballots 22-29 were recorded on two separate dates (19th and 20th) in February 1833. The thirtieth ballot was recorded on March 12, 1833, followed by three additional ballots on April 2. Following the thirty-third ballot on April 2, the election convention adjourned sine die without electing a Senator.[3]
Upon the expiration of incumbent George M. Dallas's term on March 4, 1833, the seat was vacated. It was vacant until the election convention of the General Assembly re-convened on December 7, 1833, and elected Jacksonian Samuel McKean to the seat after three additional ballots.[4] The results of the third and final ballot (thirty-sixth ballot in total) of both houses combined during the December 7 session are as follows:
Шаблон:Election box begin no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate no change |- |-bgcolor="#EEEEEE" | colspan="3" | Totals | 133 | 100.00% |}
Rhode Island
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
South Carolina (special)
Шаблон:See also There were two special elections to the U.S. Senate in South Carolina during this cycle.
South Carolina (special, class 2)
The first election, on December 29, 1832, was to the class 2 seat held by Nullifier Robert Y. Hayne, who had resigned December 13, 1832 to become Governor of South Carolina. That election, for the term ending March 3, 1835, was won by Nullifier John C. Calhoun.
South Carolina (special, class 3)
The second election, on November 25, 1833, was to the Class 3 seat held by Nullifier Stephen D. Miller, who had resigned March 2, 1833. That election, for the term ending March 3, 1837, was won by Nullifier William C. Preston. Шаблон:Expand section
Tennessee
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Vermont
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Virginia
Virginia (special)
Incumbent Jacksonian senator Littleton Tazewell resigned July 16, 1832 to become Governor of Virginia. On December 10, 1832, Jacksonian William C. Rives was elected to finish the Class 2 seat's term ending March 3, 1837. He would only serve, however, until his February 22, 1834 resignation.
Virginia (regular)
Incumbent senator (and future president), John Tyler was re-elected to the Class 1 seat in 1833, changing from Jacksonian to Anti-Jacksonian.
See also
Notes
References
- Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov
- The New York Civil List compiled in 1858 (see: pg. 63 for U.S. Senators; pg. 129 for State Senators 1833; pg. 213f for Members of Assembly 1833)
- Members of the 23rd United States Congress
- History of Political Parties in the State of New-York, Vol. II by Jabez Delano Hammond (•State election, 1832 State election: pg. 424; Speaker election, 1833 Speaker election: pg. 430; U.S. Senate election, 1833 Senate election: pg. 432f)
- Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006 from the Wilkes University Election Statistics Project
Шаблон:1832 United States elections Шаблон:1833 United States elections Шаблон:United States Senate elections
.png){kind=link}