Английская Википедия:1840–41 United States Senate elections
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox election The 1840–41 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1840 and 1841, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.
Corresponding with their party's success in the 1840 presidential election, the Whig Party took control of the Senate.
Results summary
Senate party division, 27th Congress (1841–1843)
- Majority party: Whig (29)
- Minority party: Democratic (22–20)
- Other parties: (0)
- Vacant: (1–3)
- Total seats: 52
Change in composition
Before the elections
After the November 25, 1840 special elections in North Carolina.
After the elections
Beginning of the next Congress
| Key: |
|
|---|
Race summaries
Special elections during the 26th Congress
In these elections, the winners were elected during 1840 or in 1841 before March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Pennsylvania (Class 1) |
Vacant since 1839. | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic incumbent Samuel McKean's term had expired and no successor was elected due to the legislature's failure to elect. New senator elected January 14, 1840. Democratic gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist | ||
| Michigan (Class 1) |
Vacant since 1839. | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Democratic incumbent Lucius Lyon had retired, his term expired, and no successor was elected due to the legislature's failure to elect. New senator elected January 20, 1840. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist | ||
| New York (Class 1) |
Vacant since 1839. | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Democratic incumbent Nathaniel P. Tallmadge's term had expired and no successor was elected due to the legislature's failure to elect. Incumbent re-elected January 27, 1840 to his former position in a different party. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist | ||
| Tennessee (Class 2) |
Hugh Lawson White | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | [[1825 United States Senate special election in Tennessee|1825 Шаблон:Small]] 1829 1835 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent resigned January 13, 1840, after refusing to vote for the Subtreasury Bill as demanded by the Tennessee legislature[2] New senator elected February 26, 1840. Democratic gain. Successor would not be elected to the next term, see below. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Connecticut (Class 1) |
Thaddeus Betts | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | 1838 or 1839 | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig/Hold | Incumbent died April 7, 1840. New senator elected May 4, 1840. Whig hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| North Carolina (Class 2) |
Bedford Brown | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1829 United States Senate special election in North Carolina|1829 Шаблон:Small]] 1835 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Incumbent resigned November 16, 1840, because he could not obey instructions of the North Carolina General Assembly. New senator elected November 25, 1840. Whig gain. Successor would also be elected to the next term, see below. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| North Carolina (Class 3) |
Robert Strange | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1836 United States Senate special election in North Carolina|1836 Шаблон:Small]] 1836 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Incumbent resigned November 16, 1840, because he could not obey instructions of the North Carolina General Assembly. New senator elected November 25, 1840. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Maryland (Class 3) |
John S. Spence | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | [[1836 United States Senate special election in Maryland|1836 Шаблон:Small]] 1837 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Whig/Hold | Incumbent died October 24, 1840. New senator elected January 5, 1841. Whig hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Delaware (Class 1) |
Richard H. Bayard | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | [[1836 United States Senate special election in Maryland|1836 Шаблон:Small]] 1838 or 1839 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Whig/Hold | Incumbent resigned September 19, 1839, to become Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court. New senator elected January 12, 1841 to his former position. Whig hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Massachusetts (Class 2) |
John Davis | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | 1835 | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig/Hold | Incumbent resigned January 5, 1841, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts. New senator elected January 13, 1841. Whig hold. Successor also elected to the next term, see below. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Virginia (Class 1) |
Vacant since 1839. | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Democratic incumbent William C. Rives's term had expired and no successor was elected due to the legislature's failure to elect. Incumbent re-elected January 18, 1841 to his former position in a different party. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist | ||
| Massachusetts (Class 1) |
Daniel Webster | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | 1827 1833 1839 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Whig/Hold | Incumbent resigned February 22, 1841, to become U.S. Secretary of State. New senator elected February 23, 1841. Whig hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Races leading to the 27th Congress
In these regular elections, the winner was elected for the term beginning March 4, 1841; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Alabama | William R. King | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1819 1822 1828 1834 |
Incumbent re-elected December 14, 1840. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Arkansas | William S. Fulton | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1836 | Incumbent re-elected in 1840. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Delaware | Thomas Clayton | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | [[1837 United States Senate special election in Delaware|1837 Шаблон:Small]] | Incumbent re-elected in 1841. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Georgia | Wilson Lumpkin | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1837 United States Senate special election in Georgia|1837 Шаблон:Small]] | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1840. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Illinois | John M. Robinson | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1830 United States Senate special election in Illinois|1830 Шаблон:Small]] 1835 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent retired. Successor elected in 1840 or 1841. Democratic hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Kentucky | John J. Crittenden | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | 1835 | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig/Hold | Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1841. Whig hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Louisiana | Robert C. Nicholas | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1836 United States Senate special election in Louisiana|1836 Шаблон:Small]] | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1840. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Maine | John Ruggles | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1835 United States Senate special election in Maine|1835 Шаблон:Small]] 1835 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1840. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Massachusetts | John Davis | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | 1835 | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig/Hold | Incumbent resigned January 5, 1841, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts. New senator elected January 13, 1841. Whig hold. Successor also elected to finish the current term, see above. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Michigan | John Norvell | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1835 | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1841. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Mississippi | Robert J. Walker | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1835 | Incumbent re-elected in 1841. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| New Hampshire | Henry Hubbard | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1835 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent retired to run for New Hampshire Governor. New senator elected in 1841. Democratic hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| New Jersey | Garret D. Wall | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1835 | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected February 19, 1841. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| North Carolina | Willie Mangum | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | [[1840 United States Senate special elections in North Carolina|1840 Шаблон:Small]] | Incumbent re-elected in 1841. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Rhode Island | Nehemiah R. Knight | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Whig | [[1821 United States Senate special election in Rhode Island|1821 Шаблон:Small]] 1823 1829 1835 |
Шаблон:Party shading/Whig/Hold | Incumbent retired. New senator elected October 29, 1840. Whig hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| South Carolina | John C. Calhoun | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1832 United States Senate special election in South Carolina|1832 Шаблон:Small]] 1834 |
Incumbent re-elected in 1840. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Tennessee | Alexander O. Anderson | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1840 United States Senate special election in Tennessee|1840 Шаблон:Small]] | Шаблон:Party shading/Loss | Incumbent retired. Legislature failed to elect. Democratic loss. Seat would not be filled until 1843. |
None. |
| Virginia | William H. Roane | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1837 | Шаблон:Party shading/Whig | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1840. Whig gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Special elections during the 27th Congress
In this special election, the winner was elected in 1841 after March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Alabama (Class 3) |
Clement Comer Clay | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1837 Шаблон:Small | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent resigned November 15, 1841. New senator elected November 24, 1841. Democratic hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Alabama
Alabama (regular)
Alabama (special)
Arkansas
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Connecticut (special)
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Delaware
Delaware (special)
Delaware (regular)
Georgia
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Illinois
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Kentucky
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Louisiana
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Maine
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Maryland (special)
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section Шаблон:Infobox election John Leeds Kerr won election to a full term an unknown margin of votes, for the Class 3 seat.[3]
Massachusetts
There were three elections due to the February 22, 1841, resignation of Whig Daniel Webster to become U.S. Secretary of State and the January 5, 1841, resignation of Whig John Davis to become Governor of Massachusetts.
Massachusetts (special, class 2)
Whig Isaac C. Bates was elected January 13, 1841, to finish Davis's term.
Massachusetts (regular)
Bates was also elected January 13, 1841, to the next term.
Bates would only serve, however, until his March 16, 1845, death, and Davis was again elected to the seat.
Massachusetts (special, class 1)
Whig Rufus Choate was elected February 23, 1841, to finish Webster's term which would continue until 1845.
Michigan
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Mississippi
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
New Hampshire
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
New Jersey
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
New York (special)
Шаблон:Main Шаблон:See also Nathaniel P. Tallmadge had been elected as a Jacksonian Democrat in 1833 to this seat, and his term expired March 3, 1839. An election was held February 5, 1839. Although Tallmadge received the most votes, no candidate received a majority and the seat was declared vacant due to the legislature's failure to elect.
At the State election in November 1839, 7 Whigs and 3 Democrats were elected to the State Senate, which gave the Whigs a majority, the first anti-Bucktails/Jacksonian/Democratic majority in 20 years. The 63rd New York State Legislature met from January 7 to May 14, 1840, at Albany, New York. The strength of the parties in the Assembly, as shown by the vote for Speaker, was: 68 for Whig George Washington Patterson and 56 for Democrat Levi S. Chatfield.
On January 14, 1840, Nathaniel P. Tallmadge received a majority in both the Assembly and the Senate, and was declared elected.
| Candidate | Party | Senate (32 members) |
Assembly (128 members) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nathaniel P. Tallmadge | Whig | 19 | |
| Samuel Beardsley | Democratic | 2 | |
| Levi Beardsley | Democratic | 1 | |
| William C. Bouck | Democratic | 1 | |
| Benjamin F. Butler | Democratic | 1 | |
| Churchill C. Cambreleng | Democratic | 1 | |
| Hiram Denio | Democratic | 1 | |
| John A. Dix | Democratic | 1 | |
| Azariah C. Flagg | Democratic | 1 | |
| John Savage | Democratic | 1 | |
| John Tracy | Democratic | 1 |
Tallmadge re-took his seat on January 27, 1840,[4] and remained in office until June 17, 1844, when he resigned to be appointed Governor of Wisconsin Territory. Daniel S. Dickinson was appointed to fill the vacancy temporarily, and subsequently elected by the State Legislature to succeed Tallmadge.
North Carolina
There were three elections due to the November 16, 1840, resignations of Democrats Bedford Brown and Robert Strange.
North Carolina (special, class 2)
Whig Willie Mangum was elected November 25, 1840, to finish Brown's term that would end in March 1841.
North Carolina (regular)
Mangum was later re-elected in 1841 to the next term.
North Carolina (special, class 3)
Whig William Alexander Graham was elected November 25, 1840, to finish Strange's term that would end in 1843.
Pennsylvania
The election was held on January 14, 1840, after the regularly scheduled election in December 1838 was postponed due to the Buckshot War. Daniel Sturgeon was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.[5][6]
Democrat Samuel McKean was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, in the 1832–1833 Senate election. Sen. McKean's term was to expire on March 4, 1839, and an election would have occurred during the winter of 1838–1839 elect a senator for the successive term. The election did not occur, however, due to significant political unrest in Harrisburg, the state capital, over disputed election returns during the Buckshot War. McKean's seat was vacated when his term expired in March 1839 and remained vacant until the General Assembly elected a new senator in 1840.[5]
The Pennsylvania General Assembly convened on January 14, 1840, to elect a senator to serve out the remainder of the term that began on March 4, 1839. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:
Шаблон:Election box begin no change Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate no change Шаблон:Election box total no change Шаблон:End
Rhode Island
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
South Carolina
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section
Tennessee
Tennessee (special)
Tennessee (regular)
Virginia
Virginia (regular)
Virginia (special)
See also
References
- Party Division in the Senate, 1789–Present, via Senate.gov
- Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682–2006 from the Wilkes University Election Statistics Project
Шаблон:United States Senate elections
