Английская Википедия:1864 National Union National Convention

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Infobox National Political Convention The 1864 National Union National Convention was the United States presidential nominating convention of the National Union Party, which was a name adopted by the main faction of the Republican Party in a coalition with many, if not most, War Democrats after some Republicans and War Democrats nominated John C. Frémont over Lincoln. During the Convention, the party officially called for the end of the ongoing Civil War, the eradication of slavery and the adoption of the Emancipation Proclamation.

Background

Файл:Republican presidential ticket 1864b.jpg

Lincoln and Johnson campaign poster

The party name was created in May 1864, during the Civil War, ahead of the 1864 presidential election, in which President Abraham Lincoln, then a Republican, was running for reelection.

The Radical Republicans, a hard-line faction within Lincoln's own party, held the belief that Lincoln was incompetent and therefore could not be re-elected and had already formed a party called the Radical Democracy Party, for which a few hundred delegates had convened in Cleveland, Ohio, on May 31, 1864. They eventually nominated John C. Frémont, who had been the Republicans' first presidential nominee during the 1856 election. It was hoped that this act would cause someone other than Lincoln to gain the Republican nomination.

Republicans loyal to Lincoln created a new name for their party at the convention in Baltimore, Maryland, during the first week in June 1864, in order to accommodate the War Democrats who supported the war and wished to separate themselves from the Copperheads. The convention dropped then-Vice President Hannibal Hamlin, a Radical Republican from the ticket, and chose War Democrat Andrew Johnson as Lincoln's running mate. The National Unionists hoped that the new party and the Lincoln–Johnson ticket would stress the national character of the war.

Party platform

The party supported a Platform of 11 resolutions. Several resolutions were notable as they specified that the cause of the Civil War was slavery, called for slavery's eradication from the union, called for the complete destruction of the Confederacy, opened military enlistment to freed slaves, adopted the Emancipation Proclamation, and supported an increase in foreign immigration and asylum as just policy. Dennis Francis Murphy, member of the Official Corps of Reporters for the U.S. Senate, transcribed the unveiling of, and response to, the resolutions:

Presidential nomination

Presidential candidates

• President Abraham Lincoln of Illinois

  President
  Abraham Lincoln
  of Illinois

• Commanding General Ulysses S. Grant of Illinois (No Political Intentions)

  Commanding General
  Ulysses S. Grant
  of Illinois
  (No Political Intentions)

• Treasury Secretary Salmon P. Chase of Ohio (Declined Consideration)

  Treasury Secretary
  Salmon P. Chase
  of Ohio
  (Declined Consideration)

On the first ballot, Missouri delegates cast their 22 votes for General Ulysses S. Grant. The Missourians quickly changed their votes to make Lincoln's renomination unanimous.

Presidential Ballot
	1st (Before Shifts)	1st (After Shifts)
Lincoln	494	516
Grant	22	0
Not Voting	3	3

Presidential Balloting / 2nd Day of Convention (June 8, 1864)

• 1st Presidential Ballot (Before Shifts)

  1st Presidential Ballot
  (Before Shifts)

• 1st Presidential Ballot (After Shifts)

  1st Presidential Ballot
  (After Shifts)

Vice Presidential nomination

Vice Presidential candidates

• Military Governor Andrew Johnson of Tennessee

  Military Governor
  Andrew Johnson
  of Tennessee

• Vice President Hannibal Hamlin of Maine

  Vice President
  Hannibal Hamlin
  of Maine

• Former Senator Daniel Dickinson of New York

  Former Senator
  Daniel Dickinson
  of New York

• Major General Benjamin Butler of Massachusetts (Not Nominated)

  Major General
  Benjamin Butler
  of Massachusetts
  (Not Nominated)

• Major General Lovell Rousseau of Kentucky

  Major General
  Lovell Rousseau
  of Kentucky

Though Hamlin hoped to be re-nominated as vice president, the convention instead nominated Andrew Johnson, the military governor of Tennessee. Lincoln had refused to weigh in on his preferred running mate, and the convention chose to nominate Johnson, a Southern War Democrat, in order to boost the party's appeal to Unionists of both parties.

Vice Presidential Ballot
	1st (Before Shifts)	1st (After Shifts)
Johnson	200	492
Hamlin	150	9
Dickinson	108	17
Butler	28	0
Rousseau	21	0
Colfax	6	0
Burnside	2	0
Holt	2	0
King	1	0
Tod	1	1

Vice Presidential Balloting / 2nd Day of Convention (June 8, 1864)

• 1st Vice Presidential Ballot (Before Shifts)

  1st
  Vice Presidential Ballot
  (Before Shifts)

• 1st Vice Presidential Ballot (After Shifts)

  1st
  Vice Presidential Ballot
  (After Shifts)

Lincoln's acceptance

In keeping with the tradition of the time, Lincoln did not attend the convention. On hearing the news of his re-nomination, he wrote on June 9, 1864: Шаблон:Quote

See also

• 1864 Democratic National Convention
• 1866 National Union Convention
• History of the United States Republican Party
• List of Republican National Conventions
• 1864 United States presidential election

External links

• Republican Party Platform of 1864 at The American Presidency Project
• Lincoln nomination acceptance letter at The American Presidency Project