Английская Википедия:1888 women's tennis season
Шаблон:Infobox tennis circuit season The 1888 Women's tennis season was a tennis circuit composed of 65 national, regional, county, and regular tournaments. It was the 13th annual season since the first women's tennis tournaments were held in 1876. The season began in February in Auckland, New Zealand, and ended in December in Napier, New Zealand.[1]
Summary of season
From 1888 until 1912 Britain's Lawn Tennis Association (LTA), grew in status and influence to become the de facto international tennis governing body before the proper International Lawn Tennis Federation commenced operations.[2] Despite the United States National Lawn Tennis Association (USNLTA) forming in 1881 a good seven years before the LTA, it was the British body that set laws, settled disputes and organized the increasingly complicated tournament calendar before the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) formed in March, 1913.[3]
After the formation of the ILTF the world tennis circuit going forward was a highly organised and structured network of national and international tournaments.[4] Most tennis tournaments were usually mixed events for men and women, and the women's international tennis circuit certainly up to 1923 was composed mainly of tournaments on the British and European Circuits.[5] After the USNLTA joined the ILTF this would later change with more and more tournaments being staged globally. Women tennis players on the world circuit up to the open era were funded by their national associations enabling them to travel and take part in international tournaments.[6]
1888 sees a decrease in the number women's singles events on the previous year being held as the tennis circuit continues to form.[7] The 1888 women's tennis season began on 27 February with the|Auckland Association Championships in Auckland, New Zealand.[1] In May 1888 at the first major event of the year the Irish Championships[8] played at the Fitzwilliam Lawn Tennis Club in Dublin, Ireland. England's Blanche Hillyard wins the singles title for the first time compatriot Bertha Steedman two sets to love.[9] The ladies doubles event is won by English sister's Bertha Steedman and Mary Steedman, and in the mixed doubles Margaret Bracewell partnering Ernest Wool Lewis defeat the English/Irish pairing of Bertha Steedman and Hugh Cairns.[10] In June 1888 sees a change in scheduling when the U.S. National Championships held at the Philadelphia Cricket Club, PA are brought forward this month, Bertha Townsend sweeps away title holder Ellen Hansell in straight sets.[11]
Later at the end of June the third major tournament of the year the Northern Championships is played at the Liverpool Cricket Club in Liverpool sees Lottie Dod retain her title beating Irish Champion Blanche Hillyard in straights sets, the women's doubles event is won by the sister's Ann Dod and Lottie Dod who defeat the English/Irish pairing of Margaret Bracewell and May Langrishe in the final.[12] The All England mixed doubles event is won by Blanche Hillyard and Ernest Renshaw defeating Lottie Dod and John Charles Kay on their way to the title.[13] In June Ireland's Connie Butler wins the Scottish Championships in Edinburgh against England's Ann Dod,[14] and at the Welsh Championships in Penarth Blanche Hillyard takes the title against Miss N Pope.[15]
In July at the 1888 Wimbledon Championships the world's first major tennis tournament, Lottie Dod successfully defends last years title, when she defeats Blanche Hillyard in straight sets to claim her second major title of the season.[16] The season ended on 30 December 1888 at the New Zealand Championships, held in Napier, New Zealand played on grass.[1]
Season results
Prior to the creation of the International Lawn Tennis Federation and the establishment of its world championship events in 1913 the Wimbledon Championships, the U.S. National Championships, the Irish Lawn Tennis Championships and the Northern Championships were considered by players and historians as the four most important tennis tournaments to win.[17][18][19]
This is a calendar of all known official events that were administered by national, regional, provincial, state, and county lawn tennis associations in the year 1888, with player progression documented from the quarterfinals stage where historical sources have permitted.
Key
| Important.[20][21][22][23] |
| National |
| Provincial/State/Regional |
| County |
| Regular |
January
No events
February
No events
March
| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Mar. | Auckland Association Championships Auckland, New Zealand Grass Singles - Doubles |
Шаблон:Flagicon Miss. Mowbray 6–2, 6–0 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Miss. Jahn | ||
April
| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Apr. | Ceylon Championships[24] The Hill Club Nuwara Eliya, Ceylon Clay Singles - Doubles |
Шаблон:Flagicon Miss I. J. Watson 6–1, 6–1, 6–5 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Miss A'Esterre | ||
May
June
July
August
September
October
| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semi finalist | Quarter finalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 Oct | Ladies Club for Outdoor Sports Open Livingston, United States Singles - Doubles |
Шаблон:Flagicon Adeline Robinson 4–6, 6–2, 6–3. |
Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Lesley | ||
| Шаблон:Flagicon Ellen Roosevelt Шаблон:Flagicon Grace Roosevelt 6–2, 6–0 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Adeline Robinson Шаблон:Flagicon G. Williams | ||||
| 14 Oct | Delaware Field Club Open[56] Delaware Field Club Wilmington, United States Clay Singles - Doubles |
Шаблон:Flagicon Florence Bayard 6–3, 6–0 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Шаблон:Flagicon Katharine Pyle | ||
November
| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Nov. | Victorian Championships Melbourne, Australia Grass Singles - Doubles |
Шаблон:Flagicon Miss M Mayne 6–1, 3–6, 6–4 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Nellie A’Beckett | Шаблон:Flagicon E. M. Denny's Шаблон:Flagicon Mabel Shaw |
Шаблон:Flagicon Annie Chenery |
| Шаблон:Flagicon Annie Chenery Шаблон:Flagicon Nellie Chenery 6–4, 6–5 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Ellen Mayne Шаблон:Flagicon Phenie Shaw | ||||
| Шаблон:Flagicon Nellie A'Beckett Шаблон:Flagicon Henry F. de Little Won |
? |
December
| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 Dec | New Zealand Championships[57] Farndon Park Napier, New Zealand Singles - Doubles |
Шаблон:Flagicon E. Gordon 6–5, 9–7 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Hilda Hitchings | Шаблон:Flagicon Sarah Tanner Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Weby |
Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Bibby Шаблон:Flagicon Una Hitchings |
| Шаблон:Flagicon E Gordon Шаблон:Flagicon Hilda Hitchings 6–2, 6–2 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Hill Шаблон:Flagicon Mrs E Tanner | ||||
| Шаблон:Flagicon E Gordon Шаблон:Flagicon Frederick Wilding 6–1, 6–3 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Hilda Hitchings Шаблон:Flagicon CD Kennedy |
Tournament winners (singles)
This is a list of winners by the total number of singles titles won for 1888 major titles in bold:
- Шаблон:Flagicon Blanche Hillyard – Buxton, Chiswick Park, Eastbourne, Exmouth, Penarth, Irish Championships Stamford Bridge, (7)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Lottie Dod – Bath, Northern Championships, Wimbledon Championships (3)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Adeline Robinson – Livingston, Narragansett, West New Brighton, (3)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Ann Dod – Edinburgh II, Waterloo (2)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Connie Butler – Edinburgh, Newcastle upon Tyne, (2)
- Шаблон:Flagicon May Jacks – Beckenham, Hitchin (2)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Bracewell – Edgbaston, Scarborough, (2)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Bertha Townsend – West Philadelphia, U.S. National Championships, (2)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Florence Bayard – Washington D.C., Wilmington, (2)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Beatrice Wood – Darlington, Ilkley, (2)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Ellen Roosevelt – Hastings-on-Hudson, New Hamburg (2)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss. I. J. Watson – Nuwara Eliya (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Lilian Scott – Sydney (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Rose – Pollokshields (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Ellen M. Lynch – Flushing (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Locke – New York City (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Louisa Martin – Cheltenham (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Florence Noon – Nottingham (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Mabel Grant – Pietermaritzburg (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Alice Pickering – Leamington Spa (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Agnes Noon Watts – Stafford (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Francesca Brown – Ealing (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Lydia Cheetham – Keswick (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Ivy Arbuthnot – East Grinstead (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Jane Meikle – St Andrews (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Nellie Turner – Felixstowe (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Norman – Saxmundham (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Mockler – Torquay (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon E. K. Lente – Southampton (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon E Malcolm – Moffat (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss. A. Weldon – Naas (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Frances Arrowsmith – Victoria (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss F. Adams – Winnipeg (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Gilliland – Santa Monica (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Clarkson – Rumson (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Triscott – Chingford, (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon May Langrishe – Bournemouth (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Lena Rice – Armagh (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon L. Chatterton-Clarke – Sheffield (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Knock – Boulogne-sur-Mer (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Miss Earle – Brisbane (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon E. van de Poll – Wijk aan Zee (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon Ellen Mayne – Melbourne (1)
- Шаблон:Flagicon E. Gordon – Napier (1)
Statistical summary
Singles
- Total Tournaments (65)
- Most Titles: Шаблон:Flagicon Blanche Hillyard (7)
- Most Finals: Шаблон:Flagicon Blanche Hillyard (9)
- Most Matches Played: Шаблон:Flagicon Blanche Hillyard (31)
- Most Matches Won: Шаблон:Flagicon Blanche Hillyard (27)
- Match Winning %: Шаблон:Flagicon Blanche Hillyard (87.09%)
- Most Tournaments Played: Шаблон:Flagicon Blanche Hillyard (11)
References
Sources
- Bartlett, Michael and Gillen, Bob. (1981) The Tennis Book, edited by Michael Bartlett and Bob Gillen, Arbor House, New York, ISBN 0-87795-344-9
- Collins, Bud. Total Tennis:The Ultimate Tennis Encyclopedia, Sport Classic Books, Toronto, Canada, ISBN 0-9731443-4-3.
- Garcia, Gabriel. "Season: 1888". The Tennis Base. Madrid, Spain: Tennismem SAL.
- Hall, Valentine Gill. (1889). Lawn Tennis in America: Biographical Sketches of All the Prominent Players ... Knotty Points, and All the Latest Rules and Directions Governing Handicaps, Umpires, and Rules for Playing. D.W. Granbery & Company. Boston.
- Hughes, G.P. Dunlop Lawn Tennis Almanack And Tournament Guide, G.P. Hughes
- Lowe, Sir F. Gordon. Lowe's Lawn Tennis Annuals and Compendia, Eyre & Spottiswoode. London, England.
- Someren, Janine van (December 2010). "3: The Amateur Tennis Circuit". Women's Sporting Lives: A biographical study of elite amateur tennis players at Wimbledon. A thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Southampton, England: University of Southampton Research Repository.
- Wallis Myers A. Ayre's Lawn Tennis Almanack And Tournament Guide, London, England.
- ↑ 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 1,10 1,11 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Lake. p.343.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Someren p.35.
- ↑ Someren p.31.
- ↑ Berry. David (2020). A people's history of tennis. (2) Feminists. Pluto Books London Шаблон:ISBN. p.37.
- ↑ Irish TV Documentary (4 Jul 2016). The True Tale Of The Irish Tennis Murderer. Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTE). Dublin. Ireland.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Northern Whig (May 1888)
- ↑ 11,0 11,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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- ↑ Valentine G. Hall, "Lawn Tennis in America" (1889), p.32-35
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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- ↑ Valentine G. Hall, Lawn Tennis in America (1889), p.3
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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- ↑ Gill Hall, Valentine. (1889). Lawn Tennis in America: Biographical Sketches of All the Prominent Players ... Knotty Points, and All the Latest Rules and Directions Governing Handicaps, Umpires, and Rules for Playing. D.W. Granbery & Company. New York, NY. p.17.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Gill Hall, Valentine. (1889). Lawn Tennis in America: Biographical Sketches of All the Prominent Players ... Knotty Points, and All the Latest Rules and Directions Governing Handicaps, Umpires, and Rules for Playing. D.W. Granbery & Company. New York, NY. p.52.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
