Английская Википедия:190th Rifle Division

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Шаблон:Infobox military unit The 190th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army, originally formed as part of the prewar buildup of forces, based on the shtat (table of organization and equipment) of September 13, 1939. It began forming just months before the German invasion in the Kiev Special Military District, where it was soon assigned to the 49th Rifle Corps in the reserves of Southwestern Front. At the start of Operation Barbarossa it was in western Ukraine and quickly came under intense pressure from the 1st Panzer Group which split the Corps apart. Forced to the south and east it was assigned to 6th Army and in early August was encircled and destroyed near Uman.

1st Formation

The division began forming on March 14, 1941, at Cherkasy in the Kiev Special Military District. As of June 22, 1941 it had the following order of battle:

  • 587th Rifle Regiment
  • 621st Rifle Regiment
  • 890th Rifle Regiment[1]
  • 427th Artillery Regiment
  • 391st Howitzer Artillery Regiment
  • 33rd Antitank Battalion
  • 236th Antiaircraft Battalion
  • 264th Reconnaissance Battalion
  • 331st Sapper Battalion
  • 556th Signal Battalion
  • 22nd Medical/Sanitation Battalion
  • 227th Chemical Defense (Anti-gas) Company
  • 337th Motor Transport Battalion
  • 351st Motorized Field Bakery
  • 381st Field Postal Station
  • 589th Field Office of the State Bank

Col. Grigorii Aleksandrovich Zverev was assigned to command on the day the division began forming and would remain in this position for the duration of the first formation. He had most recently served as chief of infantry of the 146th Rifle Division. When the German invasion began the division was still a long way from being complete, but was in the reserves of Southwestern Front (the renamed Kiev District) as part of the 49th Rifle Corps, which also included the 197th and 199th Rifle Divisions.[2] By June 28 the division was concentrated at Chortkiv and was preparing for combat.[3]

Battle of Uman

By the end of July 7 the 197th and 190th Divisions were attempting to hold against the German IV Army Corps northeast of Volochysk, but the 199th had been separated from the 49th Corps by a thrust of XIV Motorized Corps.[4] By July 10 the 49th Corps had been subordinated to 6th Army, still in Southwestern Front.[5]

By the end of July 14 the 197th and 190th had fallen back to positions southwest of Berdychiv, forming the right flank of 6th Army, but without much at all in support to the east. As of July 23, while the German encircling operation was commencing, the two divisions were in the vicinity of Orativ.[6] Within days, 6th Army was hopelessly cut off from Southwestern Front and was transferred to Southern Front. This made little difference to the overall situation as in early August the Army was encircled at Uman. The 190th was one of the first units hit by the encircling forces; it was overrun and destroyed on August 6,[7] although it was not officially written off until September 19.[8]

Colonel Zverev escaped from the pocket and went on to an unusual fate. After a few other appointments, in March 1943 he became the commander of the 350th Rifle Division and military commandant of Kharkiv. During the Third Battle of Kharkov he was again encircled, but fell into German hands on March 22 after being heavily concussed. While in captivity he came under the influence of the Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia. On January 10, 1945, he was given command of the 650th Infantry Division (2nd Infantry Division, ROA) with the rank of major general. The division was never completed and never saw any real combat. Zverev was handed over to the Soviet authorities after an unsuccessful suicide attempt and was hanged, after a short trial, on August 1, 1946.

References

Citations

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Bibliography

External links

Шаблон:Soviet Union divisions before 1945

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  1. ↑ Charles C. Sharp, "Red Legions", Soviet Rifle Divisions Formed Before June 1941, Soviet Order of Battle World War II, vol. VIII, Nafziger, 1996, p. 92. This source misnumbers the 587th as the 586th.
  2. ↑ Combat Composition of the Soviet Army, 1941, p. 9
  3. ↑ Sharp, "Red Legions", p. 92
  4. ↑ David Stahel, Kiev 1941, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2012, pp. 78-79
  5. ↑ Combat Composition of the Soviet Army, 1941, p. 24
  6. ↑ Stahel, Kiev 1941, pp. 78-79, 84-85
  7. ↑ Sharp, "Red Legions", p. 92
  8. ↑ Walter S. Dunn Jr., Stalin's Keys to Victory, Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, PA, 2007, p. 67
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