Английская Википедия:1935 Canadian banknote series
The 1935 Canadian banknote series is the first series of banknotes of the Canadian dollar issued by the Bank of Canada. They were first circulated on 11 March 1935, the same day that the Bank of Canada officially started operating. Two sets of banknotes were printed for each denomination, one in French for Quebec, and one in English for the rest of Canada.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn This is the only series issued by the Bank of Canada with dual unilingual banknotes.Шаблон:Sfn This series was followed by the 1937 Canadian banknote series.
The Bank of Canada issued a press release in February 1935 announcing details of the banknotes to "prevent possible confusion" amongst the public and as a protective measure against counterfeiting.Шаблон:Sfn The Bank of Canada Act which had established the Bank of Canada also resulted in the repeal of the Finance Act and the Dominion Notes Act.Шаблон:Sfn With the introduction of the 1935 Series into circulation, the Dominion of Canada banknotes were withdrawn from circulation by the Bank of Canada from 1935 to 1950,Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn which also replaced the Department of Finance as the nation's exclusive issuer of banknotes.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Banknotes
The Government of Canada intended to release the banknotes on the same day as the official opening of the Bank of Canada.Шаблон:Sfn It required months of work and preparation for the design, approval, and production of the banknote series.Шаблон:Sfn Designs for the banknotes were created by the Canadian Bank Note Company (CBN) and the British American Bank Note Company (BABN, now BA International), both of which had designed and printed the preceding Dominion of Canada banknotes.Шаблон:Sfn
All but the commemorative $25 banknote began circulating on 11 March 1935, the same day that the Bank of Canada officially started operating.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn All banknotes contained the words "Ottawa, Issue of 1935" centrally at the top of the obverse, except for the $20 banknote, in which the words appeared below the serial number.Шаблон:Sfn This is the only Bank of Canada series that includes $25 and $500 banknotes,Шаблон:Sfn and the only series that includes the official seal of the Bank of Canada.Шаблон:Sfn The $500 banknote was a "carry-over from Dominion of Canada bank notes", and is the only Bank of Canada banknote series to include this denomination.Шаблон:Sfn
Other than the language in which they were printed, the English and French banknotes were the same.Шаблон:Sfn In May 1935, deputy governor of the Bank of Canada John Osborne wrote a letter to a colleague in England in which he stated that "the English-speaking population is inclined to mutilate the French notes, and the French population complains they cannot get enough of their own notes".Шаблон:Sfn
All banknotes in the series measure Шаблон:Convert, slightly shorter and wider than the 1914, 1918, 1928, and 1934 Federal Reserve Notes in circulation in the United States at the time, and were described by The Ottawa Evening Citizen as a "novelty to Canada".Шаблон:Sfn They were printed on a material consisting of 75% linen and 25% cotton manufactured by the Howard Smith Paper Mills (now Domtar).Шаблон:Sfn
The banknotes were printed in greater variation of colour than the Dominion of Canada banknotes that had been previously issued.Шаблон:Sfn These were green for the $1 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn blue for the $2 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn orange for the $5 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn dark purple for the $10 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn rose for the $20 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn reddish brown for the $50 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn dark brown for the $100 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn sepia for the $500 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn and olive for the $1,000 banknote.Шаблон:Sfn In April 1935, an article in The St. Maurice Valley Chronicle of Trois-Rivières stated that the appearance of the obverse of the $1 and $2 banknotes were too similar, particularly the green hue of the $1 banknote and the blue hue of the $2 banknote.Шаблон:Sfn It stated that the colours of the reverse were more distinct, but could be "confused in artificial light".Шаблон:Sfn The same article stated that the similarity between the English and French versions of the banknotes was a positive feature.Шаблон:Sfn For the 1937 Series banknotes, the Bank of Canada would change the colour of the $2 banknote to terracotta red to address the issue.Шаблон:Sfn
The design of the banknotes was in a similar formal baroque style of the earlier Dominion of Canada banknotes, with wide variation between the denominations in the series.Шаблон:Sfn The central numerals on the obverse of each denomination have a distinct background design, each with a portrait to the left.Шаблон:Sfn The corner numerals and decoration are also different for each banknote denomination.Шаблон:Sfn
Portraits
The royal portraits used for the engravings were based on older photographs of each member of the royal family, who were said to "appear younger than their years on the new notes".Шаблон:Sfn Depicted on the $1 banknote was George V.Шаблон:Sfn The portrait and design was approved by Edgar Nelson Rhodes on 10 May 1934. Шаблон:Sfn
Queen Mary appeared on the $2 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn her portrait based on a photograph by Hay Wrighton that was engraved by Will Ford of the American Bank Note Company (ABN) and master engraver Harry P. Dawson of the BABN.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The portrait of Edward, Prince of Wales wearing a colonel's uniform on the $5 banknote was based on a Department of External Affairs photograph taken by British photographer Vandyke and engraved by Dawson.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn On the $10 banknote was a portrait of Princess Mary based on a photograph by official British Royal Family photographer Richard Speaight and engraved by Dawson.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Princess Elizabeth at the age of 8 appears on the $20 banknote, the portrait based on a Marcus Adams photograph from 1934 for which an engraving was created by master engraver Edwin Gunn of ABN.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The portrait of Prince Albert, Duke of York wearing an admiral's uniform on the $50 banknote was based on a photograph taken by Bertram Park, for which an engraving was made by Robert Savage of ABN.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn It was subsequently used on six of the banknotes of the 1937 Series.Шаблон:Sfn The $100 banknote includes a portrait of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester wearing the captain's uniform of the 10th Royal Hussars based on a photograph by Vandyke for which Ford created an engraving.Шаблон:Sfn
The portrait of John A. Macdonald wearing a fur-collared coat and engraved by Ford is on the $500 banknote (and was also used on the $100 banknote of the 1937 Series banknotes), and a Gunn engraving of Wilfrid Laurier wearing a Prince Albert coat is the portrait on the $1000 banknote.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Allegories
Each denomination had a reverse depicting an allegorical figure, the framing of which was different for each denomination.Шаблон:Sfn Agriculture was depicted on the $1 banknoteШаблон:Sfn based on a painting by Alonzo Foringer of ABN, based on an engraving made by Will Jung.Шаблон:Sfn A transportation allegory featuring the Roman mythological figure Mercury created by BABNC artists was on the $2 banknote,Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn electric power generation engraved by Dawson on the $5 banknote,Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn and of harvest engraved by Dawson on the $10 banknote.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The $20 bank note, also based on a painting by Alonzo Foringer of ABN, shows two allegorical figures representing toil.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn An allegory of modern inventions is on the $50 banknote,Шаблон:Sfn and commerce and industry is on the $100 banknote.Шаблон:Sfn The fertility allegory on the $500 banknote was based on another painting by Foringer.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The allegorical figure of security on the $1,000 banknote was previously used on a 1917 issue of Russian bonds.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Commemorative $25 banknote
Шаблон:Seealso On 6 May 1935, the Bank of Canada issued a $25 banknote to commemorate the Silver Jubilee of the accession of George V to the throne.Шаблон:Sfn It was a royal purple banknote with the portraits of King George V and Queen Mary on the obverse engraved by Ford and Gunn, and a scene depicting Windsor Castle on the reverse engraved by Louis Delmoce of ABN.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn It was the first commemorative banknote issued by the Bank of Canada.Шаблон:Sfn
Printing
All printings of each denomination of the banknote series were signed by Graham Towers, the Governor of the Bank of Canada, and J.A.C. Osborne, the deputy governor.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The English banknotes had serial numbers starting with the letter A, and the French banknotes had serial numbers starting with the letter F.
The Canadian Bank Note Company printed the $1 (series A and F), $20 (series A and F), $50 (series A and F), $100 (series A and F), $500 (series A and F), and $1,000 (series A and F) banknotes, and the commemorative $25 banknote.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The British American Bank Note Company printed the $2 (series A and F), $5 (series A and F), and $10 (series A and F) banknotes.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Collecting
As of 2009, for a banknote graded as "very fine" a collector could expect to pay about Шаблон:Currency for the commemorative $25 banknote, Шаблон:Currency for the $50 banknote, Шаблон:Currency for the $20 banknote, Шаблон:Currency for the $10 banknote, and Шаблон:Currency for the $1 banknote.Шаблон:Sfn
Fewer notes of this series were printed in French than in English. For example, there were approximately 1,000,000 $20 English notes printed, compared to approximately 200,000 French notes.[2]
Notes
References
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Canadian Government Paper Money, 26th ed., The Charlton Press, 2013, pp. 218-219
