Английская Википедия:1937 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the French author Roger Martin du Gard "for the artistic power and truth with which he has depicted human conflict as well as some fundamental aspects of contemporary life in his novel-cycle Les Thibault".[1]
Laureate
Шаблон:Main Roger Martin du Gard was awarded for the then seven-part (a final eight part was later published) novel cycle Les Thibault (1922-1940), that chronicles a family of the bourgeoisie from the turn of the 19th century to World War I. His other work includes the novel Jean Barois (1913) that deals with the conflict between the Roman catholic faith of his childhood and the scientific materialism of his maturity and the impact of the Dreyfus affair on the protagonist, sketches of French country life in Vielle France ("Old France", 1933), a study of the author and his friend André Gide (Notes sur André Gide, 1951), and dramas.[2]
Les Thibault
The multi-volume roman-fleuve Les Thibault influenced the Nobel Committee in awarding Du Gard the 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature. It which follows intricately the fortunes of two brothers, Antoine and Jacques Thibault, from their upbringing in a prosperous Catholic bourgeois family to the end of the First World War. The novel was admired by authors like André Gide, Albert Camus, Clifton Fadiman, Georg Lukacs and Mary McCarthy who called it "a work whose learned obtuseness is, so far as I know, unequaled in fiction."[3]
Deliberations
Nominations
Roger Martin du Gard had been nominated for the prize five times since 1934.[4] In 1937 the Nobel committee received 62 nominations for 37 individuals including Frans Emil Sillanpää (awarded in 1939), Paul Valéry, Paul Claudel, Kostis Palamas, António Correia de Oliveira, Bertel Gripenberg, Karel Capek and Georges Duhamel. Fourteen were newly nominated such as Stijn Streuvels, Jean Giono, Johan Falkberget, Valdemar Rørdam and Albert Verwey. Most nominations were submitted for the Danish author Johannes V. Jensen (awarded in 1944) with seven nominations. There were seven female nominees namely Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício, Ricarda Huch, Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić, Maila Talvio, Maria Jotuni, Cecile Tormay and Sally Salminen.[5]
The authors Lou Andreas-Salomé, J. M. Barrie, Ellis Parker Butler, Aleksey Chapygin, Ralph Connor, Francis de Croisset, Alberto de Oliveira, John Drinkwater, Florence Dugdale, Edward Garnett, Antonio Gramsci, Frances Nimmo Greene, Ivor Gurney, Elizabeth Haldane, Élie Halévy, W. F. Harvey, Ilya Ilf, Attila József, H. P. Lovecraft, Don Marquis, H. C. McNeile, Dashdorjiin Natsagdorj, Rudolf Otto, Mittie Frances Point (known as Mrs. Alex. McVeigh Miller), Horacio Quiroga, Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo and Yevgeny Zamyatin died in 1937 without having been nominated for the prize. The Dutch poet Albert Verwey died before the only chance to be rewarded.
| No. | Nominee | Country | Genre(s) | Nominator(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | René Béhaine (1880–1966) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 2 | Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (1874–1938) | Шаблон:Flag (Шаблон:Flag) |
novel, short story | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 3 | Paul Claudel (1868–1955) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, drama, essays, memoir | Peter Hjalmar Rokseth (1891–1945) |
| 4 | António Correia de Oliveira (1878–1960) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry | Luís da Cunha Gonçalvez (1875–1956) |
| 5 | Karel Čapek (1890–1938) | Шаблон:Flag | drama, novel, short story, essays, literary criticism | Josef Šusta (1874–1945)Шаблон:Efn |
| 6 | Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício (1884–1947) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, essays | António Baião (1878–1961) |
| 7 | Roger Martin du Gard (1881–1958) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, drama, memoir | Torsten Fogelqvist (1880–1941) |
| 8 | Georges Duhamel (1884–1966) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, poetry, drama, literary criticism | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 9 | Olav Duun (1876–1939) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story | Helga Eng (1875–1966) |
| 10 | Johan Falkberget (1879–1967) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays | Fredrik Paasche (1886–1943) |
| 11 | Jean Giono (1895–1970) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays, poetry, drama | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 12 | Bertel Gripenberg (1878–1947) | Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
poetry, drama, essays | Magnus Hammarström (1893–1941) |
| 13 | Vilhelm Grønbech (1873–1948) | Шаблон:Flag | history, essays, poetry | William Norvin (1878–1940) |
| 14 | Jarl Hemmer (1893–1944) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, novel | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |
| 15 | Ricarda Huch (1864–1947) | Шаблон:Flag | history, essays, novel, poetry | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 16 | Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (1873–1950) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 17 | Maria Jotuni (1880–1943) | Шаблон:Flag | drama, novel, short story, essays | Viljo Tarkiainen (1879–1951) |
| 18 | Ludwig Klages (1872–1956) | Шаблон:Flag | philosophy, poetry, essays | Wilhelm Pinder (1878–1947) |
| 19 | Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer (1878–1962) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, poetry, drama | Heinz Kindermann (1894–1985) |
| 20 | Maurice Magre (1877–1941) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, poetry, drama | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 21 | Bensadhar Majumdar (?) | Шаблон:Flag | essays | Sen Satyendranath (1909–?) |
| 22 | John Masefield (1878–1967) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, drama, novel, short story, essays, autobiography | Anders Österling (1884–1981) |
| 23 | Dmitry Merezhkovsky (1865–1941) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, essays, poetry, drama | Sigurd Agrell (1881–1937) |
| 24 | Kostis Palamas (1859–1943) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, essays | Nikos Athanasiou Veēs (1882–1958) |
| 25 | Jules Payot (1859–1940) | Шаблон:Flag | pedagogy, philosophy | Alfred Baudrillart, C.O. (1859–1942) |
| 26 | William Pickard (1889–1973) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, poetry, essays | Arthur Bernard Cook (1868–1952) |
| 27 | Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975) | Шаблон:Flag | philosophy, essays, law | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |
| 28 | Valdemar Rørdam (1872–1946) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, essays | Ejnar Thomsen (1897–1956) |
| 29 | Sally Salminen (1906–1976) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, essays, autobiography | Albert Engström (1869–1940) |
| 30 | Arnold Schering (1877–1941) | Шаблон:Flag | essays | Ilmari Krohn (1867–1960) |
| 31 | Frans Eemil Sillanpää (1888–1964) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, poetry | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 32 | Stijn Streuvels (1871–1969) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 33 | Maila Talvio (1871–1951) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, translation | Ilmari Krohn (1867–1960) |
| 34 | Shaul Tchernichovsky (1875–1943) | Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
poetry, essays, translation | Joseph Klausner (1874–1958) |
| 35 | Cécile Tormay (1875–1937) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays, translation | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 36 | Paul Valéry (1871–1945) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, philosophy, essays, drama | Gabriel Hanotaux (1853–1944) |
| 37 | Albert Verwey (1865–1937) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, essays, translation | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
Notes
References
External links
- Award ceremony speech by Per Hallström
- Banquet speech by Roger Martin du Gard
Шаблон:Nobel Prize in Literature
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ The New Republic, 26 April 1939
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
