Английская Википедия:1938 United States Senate election in Maryland

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Main Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Use American English Шаблон:Infobox election Шаблон:Elections in Maryland sidebar The 1938 United States Senate election in Maryland was held on November 8, 1938. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Millard Tydings was re-elected to a third term in office, easily defeating Republican Oscar Leser.

Primary elections were held on September 12. faced a primary challenge from U.S. Representative David John Lewis, who was backed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the President's attempt to purge the Democratic Party of conservatives. He survived comfortably by a two-to-one margin. Leser defeated Galen L. Tait for the Republican nomination.

Шаблон:As of, this was the last time a Democratic candidate for Senate won every county in Maryland.

Democratic primary

Candidates

• Arthur E. Hungerford
• David John Lewis, U.S. Representative from Cumberland
• Millard Tydings, incumbent Senator since 1927

Campaign

Senator Millard Tydings, a member of the conservative Southern wing of the Democratic Party, was opposed to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal from the beginning and voted against most of its provisions.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Though Tydings began reconciliation with the administration over growing international concerns, Roosevelt's top priority in the 1938 midterms remained economic recovery and the Second New Deal.Шаблон:Sfn He privately told Interior Secretary Harold L. Ickes to "take Tydings' hide off and rub salt in it."Шаблон:Sfn Aware of Roosevelt's opposition and popularity, Tydings publicly insisted he supported the "bone and sinew" of the New Deal and that claims of his opposition were "silly propaganda."Шаблон:Sfn

Файл:Purge Senators at Democratic Caucus. Washington, D.C., Dec. 31. Intended victims of the president's "purge" prior to the state elections this year turned up front row seats at the Senate LCCN2016874657.jpg

Senator Tydings (left) with Senator Walter F. George. Both were targets of a failed purge of conservatives from the Democratic Party by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

The Roosevelt administration faced an uphill battle from the start. Tydings retained the backing of junior Senator George L. P. Radcliffe, a New Deal supporter who had been unaware that Roosevelt would target Tydings.Шаблон:Sfn The White House settled on U.S. Representative David John Lewis as their preferred candidate only after Lewis and Tydings had announced re-election campaigns and many county organizations had endorsed both men. Once Lewis did announce his challenge to Senator Tydings, leading Maryland Democrats declared neutrality.Шаблон:Sfn

Lewis, a former mine worker, did retain the backing of the labor movement in the state, including endorsements from the American Federation of Labor and John L. Lewis. Additional praise from the Maryland Communist Party, however, may have hampered his campaign.Шаблон:Sfn Tydings attacked Lewis for his ties to organized labor and appealed to unorganized farmers instead, while Lewis labeled Tydings a "Tory Republican" for his ties to the American Liberty League and support from Republican voters.Шаблон:Sfn

Roosevelt himself worked to rally support for Lewis by dispatching political allies to the state and leaning on donors to support the campaign. He entered the campaign personally in August by praising Lewis in the press as a "legislative father" of Social Security and approvingly reciting an editorial arguing Tydings "had betrayed the New Deal in the past and will again." On Labor Day weekend, he campaigned on the conservative Eastern Shore, culminating in a speech in Denton. Though the speech did not mention Tydings by name, Roosevelt praised Lewis and criticized the idea of a politician who would "pretend to be one [thing] and act like the other."Шаблон:Sfn

Tydings evaded ideological attacks, maintaining that he was "not running particularly as an Old Dealer nor particularly as a New Dealer but I hope as a square dealer."Шаблон:Sfn He framed his campaign as a defense of states' rights against individual rule by Roosevelt, which he referred to as an "invasion."Шаблон:Sfn Tydings supporters accused Roosevelt of a move toward "dictatorship," with one editorial calling him Stalin, Mussolini, and Hitler "rolled into one" with "a Harvard accent and a billion dollar smile." The Chicago Tribune framed the race as "Americanism against communism."Шаблон:Sfn

Results

Tydings easily survived the challenge. He may have benefited from the fact that sixty thousand of the Black voters who supported Roosevelt in the 1936 presidential election were registered Republicans.Шаблон:Sfn

Aftermath

Ultimately, Tydings reconciled with the Roosevelt administration in response to the outbreak of World War II. He was an energetic supporter of the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, supported repeal of the American arms embargo, and voted in favor of the Lend-Lease Act.Шаблон:Sfn

Republican primary

Candidates

• Oscar Leser, Baltimore City Judge and tax reform activist
• Galen L. Tait, former Chair of the Maryland Republican Party

General election

Results by county

County	colspan="2" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic |Millard E. Tydings Democratic	colspan="2" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican |Oscar Leser Republican	colspan="2" Шаблон:Party shading/Union |George W. Hunt Union	colspan="2" Шаблон:Party shading/Socialist |Elisabeth Gilman Socialist	colspan="2" Шаблон:Party shading/Independent |Other Other	Margin		Total Votes Cast
	Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic |#	Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic |%	Шаблон:Party shading/Republican |#	Шаблон:Party shading/Republican |%	Шаблон:Party shading/Union |#	Шаблон:Party shading/Union |%	Шаблон:Party shading/Socialist |#		Шаблон:Party shading/Socialist |%	Шаблон:Party shading/Independent |#	Шаблон:Party shading/Independent |%	#	%
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Allegany	13658	53.58%	10885	42.70%	134	0.53%	228	0.89%	588	2.31%	2773	10.88%	25493
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Anne Arundel	13136	67.66%	5882	30.29%	64	0.33%	160	0.82%	174	0.90%	7254	37.36%	19416
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Baltimore (City)	162132	68.56%	67092	28.37%	4818	2.04%	1712	0.72%	712	0.30%	95040	40.19%	236466
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Baltimore (County)	33389	73.19%	11014	24.14%	396	0.87%	389	0.85%	431	0.94%	22375	49.05%	45619
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Calvert	2363	61.87%	1410	36.92%	2	0.05%	7	0.18%	37	0.97%	953	24.95%	3819
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Caroline	4061	67.62%	1857	30.92%	14	0.23%	21	0.35%	53	0.88%	2204	36.70%	6006
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Carroll	8859	68.04%	3994	30.67%	38	0.29%	77	0.59%	53	0.41%	4865	37.36%	13021
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Cecil	6233	70.83%	2426	27.57%	14	0.16%	39	0.44%	88	1.00%	3807	43.26%	8800
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Charles	2440	73.47%	856	25.78%	5	0.15%	4	0.12%	16	0.48%	1584	47.70%	3321
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Dorchester	5853	61.04%	3604	37.58%	26	0.27%	25	0.26%	81	0.84%	2249	23.45%	9589
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Frederick	12048	63.13%	6673	34.96%	50	0.26%	82	0.43%	232	1.22%	5375	28.16%	19085
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Garrett	2951	51.28%	2634	45.77%	17	0.30%	54	0.94%	99	1.72%	317	5.51%	5755
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Harford	8424	76.57%	2460	22.36%	7	0.06%	35	0.32%	75	0.68%	5964	54.21%	11001
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Howard	4609	69.21%	1966	29.52%	16	0.24%	12	0.18%	56	0.84%	2643	39.69%	6659
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Kent	3458	68.08%	1581	31.13%	3	0.06%	19	0.37%	18	0.35%	1877	36.96%	5079
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Montgomery	17583	74.94%	5557	23.68%	36	0.15%	142	0.61%	145	0.62%	12026	51.26%	23463
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Prince George's	14673	73.37%	4941	24.71%	47	0.24%	104	0.52%	233	1.17%	9732	48.66%	19998
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Queen Anne's	3998	72.30%	1467	26.53%	5	0.09%	15	0.27%	45	0.81%	2531	45.77%	5530
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | St. Mary's	3092	70.42%	1230	28.01%	14	0.32%	13	0.30%	42	0.96%	1862	42.40%	4391
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Somerset	5032	67.16%	2412	32.19%	5	0.07%	14	0.19%	30	0.40%	2620	34.97%	7493
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Talbot	4793	68.45%	2130	30.42%	6	0.09%	35	0.50%	38	0.54%	2663	38.03%	7002
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Washington	13576	64.62%	7005	33.34%	51	0.24%	94	0.45%	284	1.35%	6571	31.28%	21010
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Wicomico	6450	69.59%	2717	29.31%	13	0.14%	19	0.20%	70	0.76%	3733	40.27%	9269
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Worcester	4434	74.66%	1460	24.58%	3	0.05%	11	0.19%	31	0.52%	2974	50.08%	5939
Total	357245	68.28%	153253	29.29%	5784	1.11%	3311	0.63%	3631	0.69%	203992	38.99%	523224

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democrat

• Garrett

See also

• 1938 United States Senate elections
• 1938 United States elections

Notes

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book