Английская Википедия:1939 Nobel Prize in Literature
Шаблон:Infobox award The 1939 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the Finnish writer Frans Eemil Sillanpää (1888–1964) "for his deep understanding of his country’s peasantry and the exquisite art with which he has portrayed their way of life and their relationship with Nature."[1] He is the first and the only Finnish recipient of the prize.[2]
Laureate
Шаблон:Main Sillanpää made his literary debut with short stories published in newspaper Uusi Suomi in Helsinki. His first novel, Elämä ja aurinko ("Life and Sun", 1916), garnered recognition for its audacious portrayal of adolescent love while also employing a Darwinian method of character observation. His artistic works frequently referenced people as elemental entities. The novel Hurskas kurjuus ("Meek Heritage", 1919), depicts the crofter Juha Toivola's life and terrible end, and the revolt of the Finns during their civil war is explained. Sillanpää authored 10 collections of short stories in addition to seven novels, among them Nuorena nukkunut ("The Maid Silja", 1931) and Ihmiset suviyössä ("People in the Summer Night", 1934).[2][3]
Deliberations
Nominations
Sillanpää was nominated in 39 occasions since 1930. He received the highest number of nominations in 1938 with six nominations from literary critics and academics. In 1939, he received three nominations from a number of professors and members of Åbo Akademi University, University of Helsinki, and Finnish Academy of Science and Letters.[4]
In total, the Nobel Committee of the Swedish Academy received 45 nominations. Ten of the nominees were newly elected such as Flávio de Carvalho, Herbert Samuel, Ethel Florence Richardson, Hugh Walpole, Johan Huizinga, Henriette Roland Holst, Maria Dąbrowska, and Hu Shih. The highest number of nominations was for the Danish author Johannes Vilhelm Jensen, who was awarded in 1944, with four nominations. Seven of the nominees were women namely Maria Dąbrowska, Maila Talvio, Henriette Charasson, Sally Salminen, Henriette Roland Holst, Ethel Florence Richardson, and Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício.[5]
The authors Pedro Nolasco Cruz Vergara, Ethel M. Dell, Havelock Ellis, Ford Madox Ford, Ludwig Fulda, Agnes Giberne, Zane Grey, Richard Halliburton, Sidney Howard, Kyōka Izumi, Okamoto Kanoko, Vladislav Khodasevich, Volter Kilpi, Antonio Machado, Anton Makarenko, Leonard Merrick, Llewelyn Powys, Amanda McKittrick Ros, Joseph Roth, Edward Sapir, Caton Theodorian, Vũ Trọng Phụng, Amy Catherine Walton, William Drake Westervelt, William Huntington Wright (known as S. S. Van Dine), and Iris Guiver Wilkinson (known as Robin Hyde) died in 1939 without having been nominated for the prize.
| No. | Nominee | Country | Genre(s) | Nominator(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mark Aldanov (1886–1957) | Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
biography, novel, essays, literary criticism | Файл:Nobel prize winner.svg Ivan Bunin (1870–1953) |
| 2 | Eugène Baie (1874–1964) | Шаблон:Flag | law, essays | Файл:Nobel prize winner.svg Maurice Maeterlinck (1862–1949) |
| 3 | René Béhaine (1880–1966) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays | Albert Feuillerat (1874–1952) |
| 4 | Henriette Charasson (1884–1972) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, essays, drama, novel, literary criticism, biography | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 5 | Sanjib Chaudhuri (?) | Шаблон:Flag | law, philology | R. K. Danungo (?) |
| 6 | António Correia de Oliveira (1878–1960) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry | Per Hallström (1866–1960) |
| 7 | Benedetto Croce (1866–1952) | Шаблон:Flag | history, philosophy, law | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 8 | Maria Dąbrowska (1889–1965) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays, drama, literary criticism | Sten Bodvar Liljegren (1885–1984) |
| 9 | Flávio de Carvalho (1899–1973) | Шаблон:Flag | drama, essays, memoir | Paul Vanorden Shaw (1898–1970) |
| 10 | Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício (1884–1947) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, essays | António Baião (1878–1961) |
| 11 | Olav Duun (1876–1939) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 12 | Johan Falkberget (1879–1967) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 13 | Hans Fallada (1893–1947) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story | Olle Holmberg (1893–1974) |
| 14 | Vilhelm Grønbech (1873–1948) | Шаблон:Flag | history, essays, poetry | Sven Lönborg (1871–1959) |
| 15 | Jarl Hemmer (1893–1944) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, novel | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |
| 16 | Hermann Hesse (1877–1962) | Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
novel, poetry, essays, short story | Sigfrid Siwertz (1882–1970) |
| 17 | Hu Shih (1891–1962) | Шаблон:Flag | essays, philosophy, history, poetry, pedagogy | Sven Hedin (1865–1952) |
| 18 | Johan Huizinga (1872–1945) | Шаблон:Flag | history | 4 members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |
| 19 | Aldous Huxley (1894–1963) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays, poetry, screenplay, drama, philosophy | Torgny Segerstedt (1876–1945) |
| 20 | Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (1873–1950) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, essays | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 21 | Josip Kosor (1879–1961) | Шаблон:Flag (Шаблон:Flag) |
novel, poetry, drama | Branko Popović (1882–1944) |
| 22 | Bensadhar Majumdar (?) | Шаблон:Flag | essays | Mukundadeb Chatterjee (?) |
| 23 | Ramón Menéndez Pidal (1869–1968) | Шаблон:Flag | philology, history | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |
| 24 | Egidio Poblete Escudero (1868–1940) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, poetry, essays | Miguel Luís Amunátegui Reyes (1862–1949) |
| 25 | Ethel Florence Richardson (1870–1946) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, memoir, translation | Sten Bodvar Liljegren (1885–1984) |
| 26 | Henriette Roland Holst (1869–1952) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, essays, biography | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |
| 27 | Sally Salminen (1906–1976) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, essays, autobiography | Henrik Schück (1855–1947) |
| 28 | Herbert Samuel (1870–1963) | Шаблон:Flag | philosophy, law, essays | Per Hallström (1866–1960) |
| 29 | Frans Eemil Sillanpää (1888–1964) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, poetry | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 30 | Stijn Streuvels (1871–1969) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story | Fredrik Böök (1883–1961) |
| 31 | Maila Talvio (1871–1951) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, translation | Veikko Antero Koskenniemi (1885–1962) |
| 32 | Paul Valéry (1871–1945) | Шаблон:Flag | poetry, philosophy, essays, drama | Шаблон:Unbulleted list |
| 33 | Hugh Walpole (1884–1941) | Шаблон:Flag | novel, short story, drama, memoir | Sten Bodvar Liljegren (1885–1984) |
Aftermath
A few days after he received the prize, talks between Finland and Soviet Union broke down and the Winter War began.[6][7] Sillanpää donated the golden medal to be melted for funds to aid the war effort.[7]
References
External links
- Award ceremony speech by Per Hallström nobelprize.org
- Frans Eemil Sillanpää – Documentary nobelprize.org
Шаблон:Nobel Prize in Literature
- ↑ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1939 nobelprize.org
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Frans Eemil Sillanpää britannica.com
- ↑ Frans Eemil Sillanpää – Facts nobelprize.org
- ↑ Nomination archive – Frans E Sillanpää nobelprize.org
- ↑ Nomination archive – 1939 nobelprize.org
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 Шаблон:Cite web
