Английская Википедия:1952 United States House of Representatives elections
Шаблон:Infobox election The 1952 United States House of Representatives elections was an election for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 83rd United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 4, 1952, while Maine held theirs on September 8. This was the first election after the congressional reapportionment based on the 1950 census. It also coincided with the election of President Dwight Eisenhower. Eisenhower's Republican Party gained 22 seats from the Democratic Party, gaining a majority of the House. However, the Democrats had almost 250,000 more votes (0.4%) thanks to overwhelming margins in the Solid South, although this election did see the first Republican elected to the House from North Carolina since 1928,[1] and the first Republicans elected from Virginia since 1930.[2] It was also the last election when both major parties increased their share of the popular vote simultaneously, largely due to the disintegration of the American Labor Party and other third parties.
Outgoing President Harry Truman's dismal approval rating was one reason why his party lost its House majority. Also, continued uneasiness about the Korean War was an important factor. Joseph Martin (R-Massachusetts) became Speaker of the House, exchanging places with Sam Rayburn (D-Texas), who became the new Minority Leader.
This was the last time Republicans had control in the House of Representatives until 1994, as despite the GOP controlling the Presidency for most of the next 4 decades, Democrats performed vastly superior in down-ballot elections, especially in the South, which had started to drift towards Republican Presidential candidates. As of 2020, this is the last time the House changed partisan control during a presidential cycle and the last time both houses did so simultaneously. This marked one of two times in the 20th century that Republicans won a House majority without winning the popular vote, with the other time being in 1996.[3]
Overall results
| 221 | 1 | 213 |
| Republican | I | Democratic |
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Special elections
Шаблон:See also Four special elections were held to finish terms in the 82nd United States Congress, which would end January 3, 1953.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Шаблон:Ushr | T. Vincent Quinn | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1948 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent resigned December 30, 1951. New member elected February 19, 1952. Republican gain. Winner lost re-election in November. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | William T. Byrne | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1944 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent died January 27, 1952. New member elected April 1, 1952. Democratic hold. Winner won re-election in November. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | John A. Whitaker | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | [[1948 Kentucky's 2nd congressional district special election|1948 Шаблон:Small]] | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent died December 15, 1951. New member elected August 2, 1952. Democratic hold. Winner won re-election in November. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Tom Pickett | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1944 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent resigned June 30, 1952. New member elected September 23, 1952. Democratic hold. Winner won re-election in November. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Alabama
Arizona
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | John R. Murdock | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1936 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Harold Patten | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Arkansas
Arkansas lost one seat in reapportionment leaving it with 6; the existing 4th district along the western edge of the state lost some of its territory to the 3rd district in the northwest, and the rest was merged with the 7th district in the south, with minor changes to other districts.[4]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Ezekiel C. Gathings | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Wilbur Mills | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | James William Trimble | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Boyd Anderson Tackett | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1948 | Шаблон:Party shading/Loss | Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Arkansas. Democratic loss. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Oren Harris Шаблон:Small |
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Шаблон:Ushr | Brooks Hays | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | William F. Norrell | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
California
Seven new seats were added in reapportionment, increasing the delegation from 23 to 30 seats. Two of the new seats were won by Democrats, and five by Republicans. One Republican and one Democratic incumbents lost re-election, and a retiring Democrat was replaced by a Republican. Overall, therefore, Democrats gained one seat and Republicans gained 7.
Colorado
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Byron G. Rogers | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | William S. Hill | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | John Chenoweth | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Wayne N. Aspinall | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Connecticut
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Abraham Ribicoff | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1948 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Democratic hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Horace Seely-Brown Jr. | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | John A. McGuire | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1948 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Albert P. Morano | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | James T. Patterson | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Antoni Sadlak | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Delaware
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | J. Caleb Boggs | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1946 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Delaware. Republican hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Florida
Florida was redistricted from 6 districts to 8, splitting the area around Sarasota out from the Tampa-St. Petersburg based 1st district, and splitting Gainesville out from the Jacksonville-based 2nd district.[4]
Georgia
Idaho
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | John Travers Wood | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Hamer H. Budge | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Illinois
Illinois lost one seat, redistricting from 26 to 25 districts. No changes were made to the Chicago area districts, but the downstate districts were broadly reorganized, forcing incumbents Peter F. Mack Jr. (Democratic) and Edward H. Jenison (Republican) into the same district.
Indiana
Iowa
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Thomas E. Martin | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Henry O. Talle | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | H. R. Gross | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Karl M. LeCompte | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Paul Cunningham | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | James I. Dolliver | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Ben F. Jensen | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Charles B. Hoeven | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Kansas
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Albert M. Cole | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1944 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Errett P. Scrivner | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1943 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Myron V. George | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Edward Herbert Rees | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Clifford R. Hope | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Wint Smith | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Kentucky
Kentucky lost one seat at reapportionment, and redistricted from 9 districts to 8, adjusting boundaries across the state and dividing the old 8th up among its neighbors.[4]
Louisiana
Maine
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Robert Hale | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Charles P. Nelson | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Clifford McIntire | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Maryland
Maryland redistricted from 6 to 7 seats, transferring territory from the 2nd to the 3rd and 4th and to a new 7th seat in the Baltimore suburbs.[4]
Шаблон:As of, this was the last time the Republican Party held a majority of congressional districts from Maryland.Шаблон:Original research inline
Massachusetts
Michigan
Michigan added one seat, and divided the 17th district to form an 18th district, leaving boundaries otherwise unchanged.
Minnesota
Mississippi
Mississippi lost 1 seat in reapportionment and redistricted from 7 seats to 6; in addition to other boundary adjustments a substantial portion of the old 4th district was moved into the 1st, and 4th district incumbent Abernethy defeated 1st district incumbent Rankin in the Democratic primary.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | John E. Rankin | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1920 | Шаблон:Party shading/Loss | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic loss. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Thomas Abernethy Шаблон:Small |
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Шаблон:Ushr | Jamie Whitten | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1941 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Frank E. Smith | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | John Bell Williams Шаблон:Small |
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | W. Arthur Winstead | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | William M. Colmer | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Missouri
Montana
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Mike Mansfield | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1942 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Democratic hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Wesley A. D'Ewart | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1945 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Nebraska
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Carl Curtis | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Howard Buffett | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Шаблон:Party shading/Hold | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Robert Dinsmore Harrison | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Arthur L. Miller | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Nevada
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Walter S. Baring Jr. | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1948 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
New Hampshire
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Chester Earl Merrow | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Norris Cotton | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
New Jersey
New Mexico
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | John J. Dempsey | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Antonio M. Fernández | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
New York
New York redistricted from 45 seats to 43, losing a seat in Long Island and another upstate.[4]
North Carolina
North Dakota
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Usher L. Burdick | Шаблон:Party shading/Nonpartisan League | Republican-NPL | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Fred G. Aandahl | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Republican hold. |
Ohio
Ohio's representation was not changed at reapportionment, but redistricted its at-large district into a 23rd district and also removed the 11th district in south Ohio, creating two new districts around Cleveland.[4]
Oklahoma
Oklahoma was reapportioned from 8 seats to 6 and eliminated the 7th and 8th districts, moving most of their territory into the 1st and 6th and expanding other districts to compensate.[4]
Oregon
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | A. Walter Norblad | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Lowell Stockman | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1942 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Homer D. Angell | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Harris Ellsworth | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania redistricted from 33 districts to 30, eliminating 1 district in northeastern Pennsylvania and 2 in southwestern Pennsylvania.[4]
Rhode Island
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Aime Forand | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | John E. Fogarty | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
South Carolina
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | L. Mendel Rivers | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | John J. Riley | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | William Jennings Bryan Dorn | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1946 1948 Шаблон:Small 1950 |
Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Joseph R. Bryson | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | James P. Richards | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | John L. McMillan | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
South Dakota
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Harold Lovre | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Ellis Yarnal Berry | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Tennessee
Tennessee lost one seat in reapportionment, and divided the old 4th district between the old 5th and 7th districts, with other minor boundary changes.
Texas
Texas gained one seat, adding it as an at-large district instead of redistricting.[4]
Utah
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Walter K. Granger | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1940 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Reva Beck Bosone | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1948 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Vermont
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | Winston L. Prouty | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Virginia
Virginia gained one seat, adding a new district in the DC suburbs and making boundary adjustments elsewhere.
Washington
Washington gained one seat at reapportionment, adding it as an at-large district instead of redistricting.
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Ushr | William Henry Harrison III | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Non-voting delegates
Alaska Territory
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Bob Bartlett | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
Hawaii Territory
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Шаблон:Ushr | Joseph Farrington | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | Шаблон:Plainlist |
See also
Notes
References
Шаблон:ReflistШаблон:1952 United States electionsШаблон:Elections to the United States House of Representatives Шаблон:Gerald Ford
