Английская Википедия:1973 Indianapolis 500
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox Indy500 The 57th 500 Mile International Sweepstakes was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana, on Wednesday, May 30, 1973. The race was held over three days due to rain and suffered two major accidents.[1][2] Three competitors - two drivers and one pit crew member - died from injuries suffered as a result of accidents that occurred during the month, another driver was critically injured, and over a dozen spectators suffered injuries and/or burns. After 133 laps (Шаблон:Convert), rain halted the race, and Gordon Johncock was declared the winner, the first of his two Indy triumphs (1973, 1982).
Going into the month, the mood was bright and excitement was high for record speeds. Competitors, media, and fans were eagerly anticipating the possibility of breaking the elusive and daunting Шаблон:Convert barrier during time trials. The month took a tragic turn, however, when driver Art Pollard died in a crash during a practice session on May 12, 1973.[3] Later that same day, Johnny Rutherford set a new track record during time trials. His best lap at Шаблон:Convert fell just short of breaking the highly sought-after speed barrier.[4] Despite Rutherford's headlines on pole day, the mood meanwhile around the garage area was becoming anxious and uncertain. Fears were growing about rising speeds and safety. Inclement weather was also interfering.
The race was scheduled for Monday May 28, but was aborted due to a major accident at the start. Driver David "Salt" Walther was critically injured and numerous spectators in the track boxes and first few rows of the Paddock grandstands with burns, required hospitalization, some in critical condition; with the blast of heat felt as much as 100 yards away. Although it doesn't show up on the TV broadcasts and films, the fireball actually was a somewhat bluish flame, from eyewitness accounts. Also, rain mercifully washed out the day during the red flag period, as two vertical stanchions of the outside catchfence were broken and needed to be repaired before any racing could resume. Rain also washed out any chance to hold the race on Tuesday May 29 as well.[5] Only a fraction of the typical Indy crowd arrived to watch the race by the time it was run on Wednesday May 30; and in fact since schools were closed in Speedway and within a few miles around west Indianapolis due to traffic, many hundreds of schoolkids and parents were bussed in to fill the grandstands for free.[1][2]
The Wednesday race suffered two separate fatal accidents. The first involved driver David "Swede" Savage;[6][7][8] the second, Armando Teran, a pit crew member for Graham McRae, the STP teammate to Savage, when Teran stepped out into the pit lane and was hit by a safety truck going in the opposite direction.[1][2] Both occurred at lap 59 of the race. Owing to the tragic circumstances, relentless weather problems, rain-shortened finish, and overall glum mood during the month, the 1973 race is widely considered the worst year for the running of the Indianapolis 500. In contemporary accounts, the race had been called "jinxed" by Dan Gurney, Chris Economaki, and Jim McKay.[9] Statistically, it was the track's deadliest month of May since 1937.[10]
National media opinions, as well as those from team owners and crew, were highly critical in the aftermath of the race, focusing mainly on inadequate safety measures.[11][12] The circumstances led to sweeping rule changes by USAC, some made effective for the Schaefer 500 at Pocono Raceway four weeks later. Numerous safety improvements were made to the Indianapolis Motor Speedway track itself that were completed for 1974.
Off the track, the Speedway had completed construction of its first VIP Suites outside of turn two. Following in the footsteps of Ontario Motor Speedway, Indianapolis becomes the second major racing facility to feature luxury boxes.[13]
Race schedule
In 1971, the Uniform Monday Holiday Act took effect, moving Memorial Day from the fixed date of May 30 to the final Monday in May. For 1971 and 1972, the race was held on the Saturday of Memorial Day weekend. The Speedway still maintained a policy of not holding the race on a Sunday, and for 1973, the race was scheduled for the Monday Memorial Day holiday itself (May 28). The change was made after requests from spectators, many complaining that it was inconvenient to the many people who had to work on Saturdays.[14]
The 500 Festival Committee had a desire to move their annual parade downtown to Saturday afternoon. Since its inception in 1957, in most years the parade was held at night during the week. For 1973, the parade was held Saturday, the public driver's meeting was scheduled for Sunday, and the race was scheduled for Monday. This schedule would stay in place for only one year. A decision was made that starting in 1974, the race would permanently move to Sunday.[15]
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Practice and time trials
Practice
Just one year prior, USAC began allowing bolt-on wings. The increased downforce increased lap speeds nearly Шаблон:Convert in just three years. The dramatic rise went from Шаблон:Convert in 1970, to flirting with the Шаблон:Convert barrier for 1973. During Goodyear tire tests in late March, Gordon Johncock set an unofficial track record of Шаблон:Convert.[16] Experts and officials agree that the safety features in the cars were not prepared for the speeds attained. In addition, engine development with the turbocharged version of the venerable I-4 Offenhauser had resulted in horsepower readings in high-boost qualifying trim in excess of Шаблон:Convert. According to Mario Andretti, this was sufficient to induce rear wheelspin on the Шаблон:Convert "short chutes" between turns 1 and 2 and turns 3 and 4—an unnerving sensation for even the bravest, most skilled and experienced of drivers.
The track opened on Saturday April 28 with Gary Bettenhausen earning the honor of first driver on the track. Rain and winds plagued practice during the first week, while drivers started creeping up the speed chart. On Monday April 30, chief steward Harlan Fengler lifted the Шаблон:Convert speed limit and speeds climbed quickly. Gordon Johncock set an unofficial lap of over Шаблон:Convert to set the early pace. Johnny Rutherford was another member of the "190 mph club" with several laps in the mid-190 mph range. On May 5, Swede Savage upped the speed chart to Шаблон:Convert, inching closer to the elusive Шаблон:Convert mark.
On Sunday May 6, three drivers left the grounds to race in the NASCAR Winston 500 at Talladega. A huge crash, described as the worst crash in the history of NASCAR, put Bobby Allison and Gordon Johncock out of that race. Dick Simon, however, escaped the incident, with Simon coming home 7th. All three returned to qualify at Indy.
Rain and high winds kept speeds down in the second week of practice. Mario Andretti turned a lap of Шаблон:Convert on Thursday May 10. The final day of practice before pole day was Friday May 11. From April 28 – May 11, there were only three accidents reported in practice that involved wall contact, none of which caused serious injuries.
By the eve of pole day, no drivers had eclipsed the Шаблон:Convert barrier according to published reports, but conditions were favorable for pole day, and anticipation was high.
Pole Day – Saturday May 12 – Death of Art Pollard
Pole day dawned sunny with high temperatures in the Шаблон:Convert. Brief showers caused officials to turn on the yellow light a few times during the day, but they did not significantly affect the proceedings. An enormous crowd estimated at 250,000 arrived, anticipating the first ever 200 mph lap at Indy. Practice opened promptly at 9:00 a.m., but was quickly marred by the crash of Art Pollard. At 9:37 a.m., Pollard hit the outside wall in turn 1, spun to the inside, then flipped over, coming to a rest in turn two with flames and heavy damage. Pollard's injuries were reported to include pulmonary damage due to flame inhalation, third degree burns on both hands, face and neck, a fractured right arm, a fractured leg, and a severe spinal injury.[17] He was pronounced dead at Methodist Hospital one hour and three minutes after the crash.[18]
Despite the crash, time trials began on time at 11 a.m. Peter Revson was the first driver in the field, with a fast run of Шаблон:Convert. The next car out, Gary Bettenhausen, upped the mark to Шаблон:Convert, just short of the existing track record.
At 12:29 p.m., Swede Savage took to the track, and was the first to set records. His first lap of Шаблон:Convert set a one-lap record, and his four-lap speed of Шаблон:Convert was also a record. The result put him tentatively on the pole.
At 1:37 p.m., Johnny Rutherford took to the track, and electrified the crowd into a frenzy. His third lap of Шаблон:Convert was just 0.21 seconds shy of the elusive Шаблон:Convert barrier. his four-lap average of Шаблон:Convert secured the pole position.
- Lap 1 – 45.30 seconds, Шаблон:Convert (new 1-lap track record)
- Lap 2 – 45.49 seconds, Шаблон:Convert
- Lap 3 – 45.21 seconds, Шаблон:Convert (new 1-lap track record)
- Lap 4 – 45.44 seconds, Шаблон:Convert
- Total – 3:01.44, Шаблон:Convert (new 4-lap track record)
Defending race winner Mark Donohue squeezed onto the front row with a run of Шаблон:Convert. In the final hour, Bobby Unser was the last driver of the day with a shot at history. He came close to Rutherford, but his four-lap average of Шаблон:Convert was good enough only for second starting position.
At the end of the day, the field was filled to 24 cars. A. J. Foyt (Шаблон:Convert) and Sam Posey (Шаблон:Convert) were the two slowest. Foyt, who was over Шаблон:Convert during the week, waved off once, and had to settle for a slow run.
Second day – Sunday May 13
A fairly busy second day of time trials saw six cars added to the field without incident. John Martin (Шаблон:Convert) was the fastest of the day. Posey and Foyt were still the two slowest cars in the field.
Third Day – Saturday May 19
Rain kept cars off the track for most of the day. Lightning, hail, and a tornado warning, emptied the grandstands at 3 p.m. In the final ten minutes, two cars (Tom Bigelow and Sammy Sessions) made it out on the track for qualifying attempts, but neither were successful. Bigelow spun on his warm up lap, and Sessions waved off.
Bump Day – Sunday May 20
With three spots left open in the field, the final day of time trials was expected to be busy, but saw only moderate action. Sammy Sessions was the first car out, and completed his run, slightly slower than his run a day earlier. After a down period in the mid-afternoon, the field was filled to 33 cars at 5:37 p.m. Tom Bigelow was on the bubble.
With 15 minutes left in the day. Jim McElreath bumped out Tom Bigelow. Sam Posey was now on the bubble. Next out was Jim Hurtubise, but he was Шаблон:Convert too slow. With one minute left before the 6 o'clock gun, George Snider got in a Foyt backup car. A fast run of Шаблон:Convert bumped Posey, and the field was set.
Starting grid
Alternates
- First alternate: Sam Posey (#34) – Bumped (Posey was disqualified and stripped of first alternate status after being caught disguising his #34 entry as another car in order to make a second qualifying attempt to avoid being bumped.)[19]
- Second alternate: Tom Bigelow Шаблон:Color box (#27)
Failed to qualify
- Lee Brayton Шаблон:Color box (#61)
- Larry Cannon Шаблон:Color box (#59)
- Larry Dickson (#58)
- Jim Hurtubise (#56)
- Bruce Jacobi Шаблон:Color box (#78)
- Dee Jones Шаблон:Color box (#51)
- Arnie Knepper (#45, #58)
- Al Loquasto Шаблон:Color box (#86)
- John Mahler (#35)
- Larry McCoy Шаблон:Color box (#63)
- Rick Muther (#23, #97)
- Johnny Parsons Шаблон:Color box (#58, #94)
- Crockey Peterson Шаблон:Color box (#38, #96) – Failed rookie test
- Art Pollard (#64) – Fatal accident on Pole Day during practice
- Bill Puterbaugh Шаблон:Color box (#61)
- Eldon Rasmussen Шаблон:Color box (#52) – Failed rookie test
- Billy Shuman Шаблон:Color box (#52, #53) – Failed rookie test
- Bill Simpson Шаблон:Color box (#17)
- Jigger Sirois Шаблон:Color box (#47)
- Tom Sneva Шаблон:Color box (#39)
- Bentley Warren (#36, #58, #76)
- Greg Weld (#75)[20]
Rain delays
Monday May 28 – Salt Walther crash
On race day, a crowd estimated at 350,000[21] waited as morning rain delayed the proceedings for four hours and four minutes from its original scheduled time of 11:00 a.m. Tony Hulman gave the command to start engines just after 3:00 p.m., and the field pulled away for the pace laps. Bob Harkey's car did not fire, and his crew wheeled the car back to the pits. It was discovered earlier that morning that the engine had failed. Rather than withdraw (and forfeit their starting spot to Tom Bigelow, the first alternate), the crew kept the engine issue secret, and gridded the car as normal. They worked on the car briefly to give the impression that the engine failed when the starting command was given.
At the start, an 11-car accident unfolded on the main stretch approximately 200 yards past the start/finish line, which halted the race immediately. As the green flag fell, Steve Krisiloff's car developed ignition problems and slowed on the front straightaway, falling back to parallel with the fifth row by the time he crossed the start/finish line.[22] This caused the rest of the field behind Krisiloff to shuffle towards the outside to avoid the slowing car. Seconds later in the sixth row, just past the start/finish line, Salt Walther tangled wheels with Jerry Grant, climbed over Grant's left-front wheel, overturned in the air and slammed into the catch fence. The car cut a Шаблон:Convert section out of the fence on impact, breaking two 4-inch steel stanchions before being thrown back onto the track by the reinforcing cables positioned behind the fence.[22] The impact ripped open both of Walther's fuel tanks, sending 75 gallons of flaming methanol in a massive pale blue fireball (not apparent on TV or film footage) and dousing many spectators, with the blast of heat felt at least 100 yards away in the Paddock grandstand and Track Boxes, per eyewitness accounts. Eleven grandstand spectators were injured,[23] and nine required hospitalization.[21] As the front of Walther's car dug into the fence, the nose was also sheared off and Walther's legs were exposed. The car landed back on the racing surface upside-down, and spun wildly down the main stretch, spraying burning fuel in all directions. The spinning car was hit by at least two other cars, and a total of at least ten other cars became involved in the crash, including: Wally Dallenbach, Mike Hiss, Lee Kunzman, John Martin, David Hobbs, Mike Mosley, Jim McElreath and Dick Simon. Several cars were damaged extensively, and debris and burning fuel now littered the track. Kunzman later recalled that he thought he had been blinded by hitting the burning fuel until his car stopped and he flipped up his visor, as the intense heat had crinkled it so severely, he could not see where he was going.[24]
Walther's car came to rest upside-down near the pit exit. Walther suffered severe burns and injuries to his hands. Meanwhile, Bobby Unser had grabbed the race lead going into turn one, ahead of pole-sitter Johnny Rutherford. The race was immediately red-flagged, and the start was negated. The cars that had avoided the wreck parked at the head of the front stretch, and were eventually wheeled back to the pits. Safety crews attended to the crash scene, aided injured spectators, and also started repairing the catch fence and stanchions. The other drivers involved in the crash suffered only minor injuries (one report listed John Martin, Mike Hiss and Lee Kunzman as being treated for minor injuries at the track field hospital and released);[22] Walther was transported to Methodist Hospital and remained hospitalized for months thereafter. Before all the cleanup and the repairs to the catchfence and two broken stanchions completed, rain began to fall again. The rest of the day was washed out, and officials rescheduled the start for 9:00 a.m. Tuesday.
Tuesday May 29
On Tuesday May 29, the scheduled start time of the race was 9:00 a.m. At dawn, the skies were reported as clear, but soon after, rain fell in the morning hours, delaying any attempt to start until 10:15 a.m. Attendance was visibly down from Monday and estimated at 175,000–200,000.[23][25]
Officials announced that the race would restart from scratch, and the single lap driven by some of the cars on Monday would not count in the scoring. Cars were gridded in their original starting positions, without Walther, who was credited with 33rd place. All cars involved in Monday's crash were allowed to make repairs, and Bob Harkey's team installed a new engine. Therefore, Tuesday's race start had 32 of the 33 race entrants ready.
A heated pre-race meeting was held with the drivers and officials, and the subject of the crash and the speed of the pace car at the start was the focus. Drivers were complaining that the pace of the start (Шаблон:Convert) was too slow, and pointed to the ragged start of 1972 as well as reason to increase the pace car speed to Шаблон:Convert.
The command to fire engines was given shortly after 10 o'clock, and the field of 32 pulled away for the warm-up laps. On the second parade lap, a light rain began to fall, and the track was red-flagged again. The cars were halted on the main stretch to wait out the shower. Rain continued to fall most of the day. Many fans headed for the exits, and crews wheeled the cars back to the garage area yet again. During the delay, a pick-up soccer game broke out on the pit lane. At 1:48 p.m., the race was postponed until Wednesday.
Wednesday May 30
On Wednesday, morning rain threatened to wash out the race for an unprecedented third day in a row. The start time was once again slated for 9:00 a.m., but again the participants and spectators had to wait. Estimates put the Wednesday attendance as low as 20,000,[21] 35,000,[26] or 50–60,000,[23] and rain check tickets were no longer asked for at the gate.[23] However, at least one estimate put the total attendance at 125,000 once the race got going.[27] In addition since schools were closed on the west side of Indianapolis and in the town of Speedway due to traffic jams, school busloads of kids and parents were offered free rides to the Speedway to help fill the grandstands. After over two days of rainy revelry, the infield was overwhelmed with mud and garbage. The grandstands and bathrooms were littered with trash, and the walkways and grass parking lots were flooded. The infamous Snake Pit was described as a "bog". The health department overseeing the event even threatened to keep the race from running at all if it was rained out again on Wednesday, due to the deteriorating conditions of the infield.[23]
The mood around the garage area was glum. Crews were exhausted, and drivers were apprehensive. It was now the longest rain delay in Indy 500 history to-date. Johnny Rutherford later quipped that if a poll had been taken around the garage area, the consensus would have been to leave and move on to the next race (Milwaukee). Media had already nicknamed the race the "72 Hours of Indianapolis", a play on the 24 Hours of Le Mans. The cars had sat mostly idle for the past nine days (except for the traditional Carburetion Day practice), raising separate concerns about potential mechanical and handling problems.
The delays at Indianapolis were beginning to have cascade effects on the schedule. Owing to the delay, USAC elected to postpone the next race of the season, the Rex Mays 150 at Milwaukee from June 3 to 10.[25] Hotels, motels, and restaurants, as well as bus transit companies, airlines, and car rental companies were all jammed and some were overbooked.[28] Local schools reported high absenteeism, and a handful of schools close to the track closed due to traffic congestion.[29]
Around midday, the sun finally came out for a few hours, and the track surface dried enough for a race start at 2:10 p.m.
Race running
Start
On the pace lap, the car of David Hobbs began smoking heavily. He pitted, and later rejoined the race.
The first 58 laps were run with only two brief cautions, for minor incidents. However, there was considerable attrition. Bobby Unser took the lead at the start, and led the first 39 laps. Bobby Allison blew his engine at the completion of the first lap, Peter Revson brushed the wall in turn four on lap 3, and Mario Andretti broke a piston on lap 4.
The first yellow light came out on lap 17 when Bob Harkey's engine seized. It spilled oil, causing him to spin out and stall on the backstretch. Mark Donohue was the only one of the leaders that chose to pit during the yellow. Bobby Unser continued to lead, with Gordon Johncock running second, and Johnny Rutherford third. A. J. Foyt coasted to a stop in the pits after 37 laps with a broken rod bolt. Bobby Unser made his first pit stop on lap 40, briefly handing the lead to Johncock. Unser's pit stop dragged on for almost 45 seconds, and Swede Savage took over third.
Johncock led laps 40–42, then made a pit stop. The lead was assumed by Swede Savage on lap 43, with Al Unser now second. Joe Leonard brought out the yellow for two minutes when he spun on lap 45 in the north chute between turns 3 and 4. Savage and Al Unser battled closely for several laps, with the lapped car of Roger McCluskey also in the mix. Unser was able to get by McCluskey on the backstretch on lap 53. He then made a slingshot pass around Savage for the lead going into turn one on lap 54.
On lap 55, Johnny Rutherford was given the black flag and went to the pits to check for leaking fluid. At the same time, Mark Donohue's car slowed and he went to the pits (and later dropped out) with a bad piston in what was his final 500.
By lap 57, only 22 cars of the starting field of 33 were on track.
Swede Savage crash and death of Armando Teran
On the 57th lap, Swede Savage made a pit stop. His car was filled with Шаблон:Convert of methanol and fitted with a new right rear tire. On lap 59,[30] Savage was in 2nd place, a few seconds behind race leader Al Unser. As Unser committed to a lap 59 pit stop ahead of him, Savage lost control of his car as he exited turn four. The car twitched back and forth, and then slid across to the inside of the track at nearly top speed. It hit the angled inside wall nearly head-on. The force of the impact, with the car carrying a full load of fuel in both tanks, caused the car to explode in a plume of flame. The force of the fuel exploding was so great that some structural rivets were blown rearward out of the car. The engine and transaxle tumbled end-over-end to the pit lane entrance while Savage, still strapped in his seat, was thrown back across the circuit. Savage came to rest adjacent to the outer retaining wall, fully conscious and completely exposed while he sat in a pool of flaming methanol fuel.[31] The other cars on the track quickly stopped in turn four, as the track was completely blocked with debris and fire. A now third red flag was displayed at the flag stand which stopped the race at 3:05 p.m..
Track and safety crews immediately descended onto the crash scene to aid Savage. One fire truck, driven by fire/safety truck driver Jerry Flake, was signaled to head to the scene by Cleon Reynolds, the Chief of the Speedway Fire Department. Flake was stationed at the south end of the pits, and had to traverse the pit lane 'against traffic' to reach the Savage crash as quickly as possible. Driving a safety vehicle against the flow of racing and pit traffic was permissible in the USAC safety rules of 1973, and Reynolds' hand signal to Flake specifically instructed him to do exactly this. Flake reported "laying on the horn" and slow progress through the pit lane as people were in the way.[32]
As Flake began speeding toward Savage's crash via the pit lane, numerous pit crew members from several teams moved to cross pit lane, toward the grass infield at trackside. Among those who did was George Bignotti, chief mechanic for Gordon Johncock, and 22-year-old Armando Teran, pit board man for Graham McRae. "I had just crossed the lane", Bignotti begins.[30] Flake, driving northbound in pit lane at high speed, describes what he saw: "All of a sudden things cleared up on the pit road and I had a clear shot all the way up to Savage's car which I could see burning. Then out of nowhere, a guy was in front of me..."[32]
Flake's truck struck Teran, his body tossed about Шаблон:Convert, an impact violent enough to knock him out of his shoes. As Bignotti relays it, "I heard the car coming, and — whap — it hit him".[30] The incident was easily seen by thousands of spectators, as it occurred on the pit lane at the start/finish line. Teran suffered crushed ribs and a broken skull, and although he lived through the initial impact, he died shortly afterward after being transported to Methodist Hospital.[30]
It was erroneously reported by media that Flake was at fault in the Teran collision because of driving against racing traffic; in 1973, safety trucks were permitted by USAC to drive in the opposite direction of the racing cars as Flake had done. The following year, USAC specifically prohibited safety trucks from driving in the opposite direction.[32] For Teran's part, there was no rule forbidding him from leaving the pit wall, as a team's pit board, or "chalkboard" man, either.[33]
Finish
Savage was taken to the hospital with third degree burns and flame inhalation, but was in stable condition. One hour and eleven minutes after the accident, the debris was cleaned up, and the race was resumed. After witnessing the Savage crash, a disconsolate George Snider decided to climb out of his car for the day, and turned it over to A. J. Foyt, his car owner.[34] Foyt himself had already dropped out on lap 37, and was standing by in case he was needed for relief.
The race restarted with Al Unser leading, and attrition continued to take a toll on the field. On lap 73, Jimmy Caruthers blew his engine, and a connecting rod flew out, punctured, and violently blew his right front tire on the main stretch. He was able to maintain control of the car, and coasted around to the pit area. Al Unser's day ended with a blown engine on lap 75, and Gordon Johncock, another of Savage's Patrick Racing/STP teammates, assumed the lead.
In quick succession, seven cars dropped out between laps 91 and 101, including Bobby Unser, A. J. Foyt (in George Snider's car), and Dick Simon. The race finally reached the halfway point, and became official upon the completion of lap 101. By this time, only eleven cars were still running, just two on the lead lap. Gordon Johncock was leading and Bill Vukovich II had climbed all the way up to second position. Track officials began assembling victory lane, as dark skies were looming, evening was soon approaching, and they did not expect the race to go the full distance.
Jerry Karl, after about two hours of repairs in the pits, rejoined the race running over 100 laps down. He was able to move up to 26th place.
On the 129th lap a light rain began to fall, and the yellow light came on with Gordon Johncock leading. Only eleven cars were still on the track. After 133 laps, at about 5:30 p.m., the rain started to fall much harder, forcing the fourth and final red flag to come out. Although officials had not yet decided to call the race, it was obvious to everyone that the race was over; when the rain came, it was near-dusk, and the track was soon "lost" to the moisture, necessitating a lengthy drying period, which the remaining daylight would not provide. Johncock's Patrick Racing crew began to celebrate, along with a post-race winner's interview with a mostly despondent co-owner Andy Granatelli. Minutes after Granatelli's interview, officials declared the race complete, with Johncock the winner. Johncock led the most laps with a total of 64.
The 1973 race was the shortest "500" on record at the time (Шаблон:Convert), with the exception of the 1916 race, which was actually scheduled for Шаблон:Convert. Three years later, the 1976 race was halted at an even shorter distance of Шаблон:Convert, just past the halfway point when the race became official on lap 101.
The traditional victory banquet was canceled earlier in the day,[35] and the victory lane celebration was fairly brief and muted. Johncock left the track soon after the race to visit Savage at the hospital, along with team owner Pat Patrick. Johncock and Patrick, and a few other crew members ended the day with a "victory dinner" which consisted of fast food hamburgers at the Burger Chef just east of the Speedway on Georgetown Road.[10] BorgWarner gave Johncock a ceremony for his 1973 win in August 2021 at his forestry mill in South Branch, Michigan to celebrate his 85th birthday, with the trophy (riding in a Verizon 200 marked van) visiting landmarks in the city in addition to his forestry mill.[36]
The Johncock family -- featuring Gordon, his wife Sue, children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren, along with surviving crew members of both the 1973 and 1982 wins, were given an official victory celebration for the 1973 win on April 24, 2023. The Speedway museum rolled out his 1982 race winner, and the family was given a tour of the oval on a Speedway bus. Following the museum tour, the formal victory banquet for the 1973 win was held at Binkley's Kitchen and Bar on North College Avenue in Indianapolis, where BorgWarner presented Gordon with the Champion Driver's Trophy, awarded to winners since 1988, and in more recent years given to drivers on milestone anniversaries of their race wins, and Sue a bouquet of flowers.[37]
Aftermath
The race and its safety concerns caused immediate uproar among racing owners, crew, and track owners. Two days after the race, team owner Andy Granatelli (whose car, driven by Johncock, won the race), declared that he would withdraw from USAC racing in 1974 unless changes were made.[38] On June 2, Dr. Joseph Mattioli, owner of Pocono International Raceway, was calling for USAC to make changes "(restricting) speeds of the race car so that we can once again have auto races that are competitive, exciting, and relatively safe" for the next 500-mile race on the USAC schedule in early July.[39]
USAC acted quickly. On the evening of June 2, 1973, the weekend after the race, USAC held an unscheduled meeting,[40] revising rules. The large rear wings used in 1972–73 were cut back in size from Шаблон:Convert, fuel tank capacity was drastically reduced from Шаблон:Convert with the single tank mandated to be placed in the left sidepod, and the allowable fuel to be consumed in a 500-mile race was reduced from Шаблон:Convert. Those changes were designed to slow the cars down. USAC also created a rule specifically disallowing the pit sign carrier from leaving his post as Teran did, for the duration of a race. (The pit signs have since been replaced by two-way radio communication, and after 2013 were prohibited during the race.)[33] All of these rule changes were effective as of the Pocono 500 at Pocono Raceway to be held on July 1, 1973. USAC also delayed the Rex Mays 150 race in Milwaukee one week, to June 9–10, because of the lengthy delay in running the Indianapolis 500 race.
On July 2, 33 days after his on track injury, Swede Savage died in the hospital from complications arising from his injuries and treatment. The true cause of his death remains a point of dispute. It had been widely reported that Savage's death was caused by kidney failure,[6] while others have said that Savage died from lung failure due to flame inhalation. Dr. Steve Olvey, Savage's attending physician (and later CART's director of medical affairs), claimed in his book Rapid Response that the real cause of death was complications related to contaminated plasma.[41] Olvey claimed that Savage contracted hepatitis B from a transfusion, causing his liver to fail.Шаблон:Citation needed According to Savage's father, the percentage of oxygen they were giving Swede just prior to his death, due to the damage to his lungs from the flames inhaled from the accident, was such that there was no way he could have survived, even if he had not contracted hepatitis B.Шаблон:Citation needed Lung failure was repeated as the cause of death by Savage's daughter Angela in a May 2015 interview.[42]
At the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, several safety changes were made for the 1974 race. The angled inside wall at the northwest corner of the track (which had also played a role in the Dave MacDonald/Eddie Sachs double-fatality in 1964) was removed, and the pit entrance was widened. Retaining walls were heightened and catch fences were improved around the track. A flag stand for the race starter and other officials was built over the outside wall of the track directly above the start-finish line (previously the starter was positioned down at the inside wall of the track itself). In addition, some spectator areas were moved back away from the track, and all of the rows of Track Box seats along the front stretch were removed. There was not another on-track fatality at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway until 1982 in which Gordon Smiley died in qualifying. Gordon Johncock also won that race.
As of 2023, Savage's death in 1973 is the last driver fatality at the Speedway that occurred as a result of a crash during the race itself.
Box score
Race statistics
Шаблон:Col-begin Шаблон:Col-break
| Lap Leaders | |
|---|---|
| Laps | Leader |
| 1–39 | Bobby Unser |
| 40–42 | Gordon Johncock |
| 43–54 | Swede Savage |
| 55–72 | Al Unser, Sr. |
| 73–133 | Gordon Johncock |
| Total laps led | |
|---|---|
| Laps | Leader |
| Gordon Johncock | 64 |
| Bobby Unser | 39 |
| Al Unser, Sr. | 18 |
| Swede Savage | 12 |
| PACER Yellow Light Periods | |
|---|---|
| 5 for 17 laps | |
| Laps* | Reason |
| Monday May 28 | |
| Start | Salt Walther crash on frontstretch (red flag) |
| Tuesday May 29 | |
| Pace lap | Rain (red flag) |
| Wednesday May 30 | |
| 16–20 | Bob Harkey engine seized, spun on back stretch (7 minutes) |
| 45–46 | Joe Leonard spun in northchute (2 minutes) |
| 59–60 | Swede Savage crash in turn 4 (red flag of 1 hour and 11 minutes) |
| 73–75 | Jimmy Caruthers shredded tire on main stretch |
| 129–133 | Rain (red flag, end of race) |
| * – Approximate lap counts | |
| Tire participation chart | |
|---|---|
| Supplier | No. of starters |
| Goodyear | 26* |
| Firestone | 7 |
| * – Denotes race winner | |
Broadcasting
Radio
The race was carried live on the IMS Radio Network. Sid Collins served as chief announcer and Fred Agabashian served as "driver expert", replacing Len Sutton. Fred Agabashian returned after a six-year absence. The race was held over three days, and the network covered activities live on all three days.
This would be Mike Ahern's final race with the network crew. For 1973, the turn two reporting location was moved to the new VIP Suites, which had just been constructed. Bob Forbes served as wireless roving reporter, concentrating on the garage area.
At the conclusion of the race, Lou Palmer reported from victory lane.
| Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network | ||
|---|---|---|
| Booth Announcers | Turn Reporters | Pit/garage reporters |
|
Chief Announcer: Sid Collins |
Turn 1: Mike Ahern |
Chuck Marlowe (north) Luke Walton (center) Lou Palmer (south) Bob Forbes (garages) |
Television
The race was carried in the United States on ABC Sports on a same-day tape delay basis. The race was scheduled to air on Monday May 28 at 9 p.m. EDT for a two-hour same-day tape delay broadcast. However, the race suffered the crash of Salt Walther and rain prevented it from being restarted. The network showed a brief clip of Walther's crash, then filled the rest of the timeslot with a movie instead. On Tuesday May 29, the race was to be rescheduled for 9 a.m., but it was again rained out as well. On Wednesday May 30, the race was finally held, and ABC planned to air the broadcast in primetime on Wednesday night at 8 p.m. EDT. The broadcast featured a rebroadcast of Monday's aborted attempt at a start, as well as the conclusion on Wednesday.
Analyst Jackie Stewart was to be the color commentator, but was only able to be at the grounds on Monday and Tuesday as he left the Speedway Wednesday for Formula One commitments at the 1973 Monaco Grand Prix which he won. Chris Economaki substituted for Stewart in the booth on Wednesday. On Wednesday, Chris Schenkel rode and reported from inside the pace car.
Because of the long delay after Swede Savage's accident, some of the later portions of the race were still being edited as the beginning of the race was being broadcast.
The race was billed on ABC as "Goodyear Presents the Indianapolis 500 Race".
The broadcast re-aired on ESPN Classic for the first time on August 12, 2011. The broadcast was slightly edited from the original airing, as a scene in the immediate aftermath of Armando Teran's fatal accident was omitted (but is still available on YouTube). The broadcast was shown again on ESPN Classic on May 30, 2013 (the 40th anniversary).
| ABC Television | |
|---|---|
| Booth Announcers | Pit/garage reporters |
|
Host: Chris Schenkel |
Dave Diles Don Hein |
Documentary films
Several documentary films were also produced discussing the 1973 Indianapolis 500.[43] These include:
The 200 MPH Barrier, narrated by Ralph Camargo, Dynamic Films (for Ashland Oil)
Catastrophe (1977), narrated by William Conrad (the 1973 Indianapolis 500 is one of the film's subjects)
Fire and Rain, for the STP-sponsored Patrick Racing teams (Johncock, McRae, Savage), Allend'or Productions
The Longest May, narrated by Tom Carnegie, McGraw-Hill productions
The Indianapolis 500: The 70s, narrated by Tom Carnegie (1973 was featured including interviews by the drivers who were there)
Notes
References
Works cited
- 1973 Indianapolis 500 Press Information - Daily Trackside Summary
- Indianapolis 500 History: Race & All-Time Stats - Official Site
- 1973 Indianapolis 500 at RacingReference.info
- 1973 Indianapolis 500 Radio Broadcast, Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network
Шаблон:Indy 500 Шаблон:IndyCar Series on ABC
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite magazine
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Indy 1973 ABC News Report
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite newsШаблон:Open access
- ↑ This was mentioned during the IMS Radio Network Broadcast; and was not a response to the tragic circumstances of the 1973 race.
- ↑ 1973 Daily Trackside Report - #4, 5/1/73
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 21,0 21,1 21,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 22,0 22,1 22,2 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 23,0 23,1 23,2 23,3 23,4 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 25,0 25,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокStar-Wed-attне указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite newsШаблон:Open access
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite newsШаблон:Open access
- ↑ 30,0 30,1 30,2 30,3 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Vo_Mz-AXQQ Race Broadcast
- ↑ 32,0 32,1 32,2 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 33,0 33,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Indianapolis 500: The 70's DVD
- ↑ 1973 Indianapolis 500 Radio Broadcast, Indycar Radio
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Citation
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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