Английская Википедия:1985 Portuguese legislative election

The 1985 Portuguese legislative election took place on 6 October. The election renewed all 250 members of the Assembly of the Republic.

In June of the same year, the then incumbent Prime Minister, Mário Soares, resigned from the job due to the lack of parliamentary support, the government was composed by a coalition of the two major parties, the center-right Social Democratic and the center-left Socialist, in what was called the Central Bloc, however this was an unstable balance of forces and several members of each party opposed such alliance.

The new leader of the Social Democratic Party, Cavaco Silva, elected in May, was among those that never supported such alliance, and short after being elected leader of the party made the coalition fall in July. Mário Soares didn't run again and resigned as party leader, as he decided to run for the 1986 Presidential elections. The PS nominated Almeida Santos, minister of state in Soares government, as intern leader and as the party candidate for Prime Minister.

A new election was called by the President and the Social Democrats won with a short majority and Cavaco became the Prime-Minister. The election was the first of three consecutive election victories for the Social Democratic Party. Meanwhile, a new party had been founded by supporters of the President Ramalho Eanes, the Democratic Renewal Party, led by Hermínio Martinho and which the main figure of the party's campaign was First lady Manuela Ramalho Eanes,^[1] that surprisingly gained 45 MPs and more than one million votes in the election, becoming the parliamentary support of the Cavaco's government until 1987, when it removed its support, making Cavaco fall.

The Communists and the Socialists lost votes and MPs, and the left would only return to the government ten years later, in 1995.

Background

Fall of the government

Шаблон:See also The unpopularity of the Central Bloc government was creating deep rifts between PS and PSD and also within both parties, as growing poverty, budget cuts and unemployment, due to the International Monetary Fund bailout policies, were leading to massive protests. In February 1985, Carlos Mota Pinto resigned from the PSD leadership and planned to contest the next party congress.^[2] However, he died before the congress and Cavaco Silva was elected as leader. Shortly after his election, Cavco Silva withdraw his party from the government and Soares Central Bloc government fell.^[3]

Leadership changes and challenges

PSD 1985 leadership election

By 1985, deep divisions were consuming the PSD regarding their role in the Central Bloc government with the PS.^[4] Then deputy Prime Minister and PSD leader Carlos Mota Pinto, resigned from the government and the party's leadership and a snap party congress was called.^[5] But, Mota Pinto, who was expected to run for the leadership in the snap congress, died suddenly just 10 days before the start of the congress in Figueira da Foz.^[6] João Salgueiro, the candidate from "Mota Pinto's wing" was expected to win easily, but former finance minister Aníbal Cavaco Silva surprised the party by announcing a late candidacy, in what is now known as the "Running-in of Cavaco's new Citroën".^[7] Cavaco Silva had the support of the wings against the Central Bloc, and against all odds he defeated Salgueiro by just 57 votes.^[8] The results were the following: Шаблон:Election table |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|% |- |bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | align=left | Aníbal Cavaco Silva | align=right | 422 | align=right | 53.6 |- |bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | align=left | João Salgueiro | align=right | 365 | align=right | 46.4 |- |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Turnout | align=right | 787 | align=center | |- | colspan="4" align=left|Source: Results^[9] |}

PS 1985 nomination selection

After the fall of the Central Bloc government, Mário Soares was acclaimed as the PS candidate for the 1986 Presidential election, and shortly after, António Almeida Santos was unanimously selected as the party's candidate for Prime Minister in the 1985 general elections.^[10] Шаблон:Election table |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|% |- |bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | align=left | António Almeida Santos | colspan="2" align=right | Voice vote |- |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Turnout | align=right | | align=right | 100.0 |- | colspan="4" align=left|Source: |}

Electoral system

The Assembly of the Republic has 250 members elected to four-year terms. Governments do not require absolute majority support of the Assembly to hold office, as even if the number of opposers of government is larger than that of the supporters, the number of opposers still needs to be equal or greater than 126 (absolute majority) for both the Government's Programme to be rejected or for a motion of no confidence to be approved.^[11]

The number of seats assigned to each district depends on the district magnitude.^[12] The use of the d'Hondt method makes for a higher effective threshold than certain other allocation methods such as the Hare quota or Sainte-Laguë method, which are more generous to small parties.^[13]

For these elections, and compared with the 1983 elections, the MPs distributed by districts were the following:^[14]

District	Number of MPs	Map
Lisbon	56	Шаблон:Image label begin Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label small Шаблон:Image label end
Porto^{Шаблон:Font color}	39
Setúbal	17
Braga	16
Aveiro	15
Santarém	12
Leiria and Coimbra	11
Viseu	10
Faro	9
Castelo Branco, Viana do Castelo and Vila Real	6
Azores, Beja, Évora, Guarda and Madeira	5
Bragança	4
Portalegre^{Шаблон:Font color}	3
Europe and Outside Europe	2

Parties

The table below lists the parties represented in the Assembly of the Republic during the 3rd legislature (1983–1985) and that also partook in the election:

Name			Ideology	Political position	Leader	1983 result^[15]
Name			Ideology	Political position	Leader	%	Seats
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	PS	Socialist Party Шаблон:Small	Social democracy	Centre-left	Almeida Santos	36.1%	Шаблон:Composition bar
	UEDS	Left-wing Union for the Socialist Democracy Шаблон:Small	Democratic Socialism Workers' self-management	Left-wing	António Lopes Cardoso		Шаблон:Composition bar
	ASDI	Independent Social-Democratic Action Шаблон:Small	Democratic Socialism Social democracy	Centre-left	António de Sousa Franco		Шаблон:Composition bar
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	PPD/PSD	Social Democratic Party Шаблон:Small	Шаблон:Nowrap	Centre-right	Aníbal Cavaco Silva	27.2%	Шаблон:Composition bar
	PCP	Portuguese Communist Party Шаблон:Small	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Far-left	Álvaro Cunhal	18.1% Шаблон:Efn	Шаблон:Composition bar
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	MDP/CDE	Portuguese Democratic Movement Шаблон:Small	Left-wing nationalism Democratic socialism	Left-wing	José Manuel Tengarrinha	18.1% Шаблон:Efn	Шаблон:Composition bar
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	CDS	Democratic and Social Centre Шаблон:Nowrap	Right-wing liberalism Neoliberalism	Шаблон:Nowrap	Lucas Pires	12.6%	Шаблон:Composition bar

Campaign period

Party slogans

Party or alliance		Original slogan	English translation	Refs
width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"\|	PS	« O que prometo, faço. Vamos a isto. »	"What I promise, I do. Let's do this."	^[16]
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"\|	PSD	« Retomar a esperança »	"Resuming hope"	^[17]
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"\|	APU	« Vitória da APU para salvar o país »	"Victory for APU to save the country"	^[18]
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"\|	CDS	« Confiança, razão, força para Portugal »	"Trust, reason, strength for Portugal"	^[19]
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"\|	PRD	« Mais Portugal »	"More Portugal"	^[20]

Candidates' debates

1985 Portuguese legislative election debates
Date	Organisers	Moderator(s)	Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Colors Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Colors Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Colors Шаблон:Small
			PS Шаблон:Small	PSD Шаблон:Small	APU Шаблон:Small	CDS Шаблон:Small	Refs
			style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	Refs
3 Sep	RTP1		P	AШаблон:Efn	P	P	^[21]
5 Sep	RTP1		N	AШаблон:Efn	P	P	^[22]
10 Sep	RTP1		P	P	N	P	^[23]
12 Sep	RTP1		P	P	P	N	^[23]
Шаблон:Small
Date	Organisers	Polling firm/Link
			PS	PSD	APU	CDS	Notes
			style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"\|	Notes
3 Sep	RTP1	Expresso	Шаблон:Party shading/PS\| 36	Шаблон:N/A	23	25	Шаблон:Small

Opinion polling

Шаблон:See also The following table shows the opinion polls of voting intention of the Portuguese voters before the election. Those parties that are listed were represented in parliament (1983-1985). Included is also the result of the Portuguese general elections in 1983 and 1985 for reference.

Шаблон:Legend2

Date Released	Polling Firm	PS	PSD	APU	CDS	PRD	Others	Lead
Date Released	Polling Firm					style="background:Шаблон:Party color; width:60px;"\|	Others	Lead

6 Oct 1985	Leg. Election	20.8 Шаблон:Font	29.9 Шаблон:Font	15.5 Шаблон:Font	10.0 Шаблон:Font	17.9 Шаблон:Font	5.9 Шаблон:Font	9.1

6 Oct 1985(22:50)	RTP1	22.0–26.9	26.8–29.7	15.0–18.1	9.3–10.8	14.5–16.5	–	2.8–4.8
6 Oct 1985 (21:10)	RTP1	23.8–26.9	28.0–29.8	17.3–18.1	9.8–10.7	11.1–14.9	–	2.9–6.0
6 Oct 1985	Rádio Comercial	19.0–22.0	29.0–31.0	14.0–16.0	8.0–16.0	18.0–22.0	–	9.0–10.0
4 Oct 1985	Expresso	28.0–32.0	27.0–31.0	15.0–17.0	9.0–12.0	8.0–11.0	–	1.0
29 Apr 1985	Norma	24.7	16.4	18.4	17.1	8.4	15.0	6.3
Mar 1985	Norma	21.1	18.4	20.0	19.2	5.5	15.8	1.1
Feb 1985	Marktest	15.0	21.3	15.0	17.1	28.6	3.0	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 7.3
25 Feb 1985	Norma	20.7	21.6	17.8	17.6	10.0	12.3	0.9
21 Jan 1985	Norma	21.3	22.9	20.3	16.2	Шаблон:N/A	19.3	1.6
Dec 1984	Marktest	18.6	23.0	14.3	16.2	25.4	2.5	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 2.4
Dec 1984	Norma	23.5	25.2	23.4	13.2	Шаблон:N/A	14.7	1.7
Nov 1984	Marktest	19.8	24.0	15.5	14.9	23.3	2.5	0.7
Nov 1984	Norma	20.7	22.7	22.4	17.5	Шаблон:N/A	16.7	0.3
Oct 1984	Marktest	20.6	23.4	15.8	13.4	25.0	1.8	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 4.0
15 Oct 1984	Norma	23.9	24.8	23.1	14.7	Шаблон:N/A	13.5	0.9
Sep 1984	Marktest	18.8	22.6	15.2	15.7	26.6	1.1	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 4.0
Aug 1984	Marktest	19.2	22.8	13.8	15.6	26.9	1.7	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 4.1
Jul 1984	Marktest	17.9	20.6	16.9	13.4	29.0	2.2	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 7.7
Jul 1984	Norma	21.5	23.6	20.3	15.4	Шаблон:N/A	19.2	2.1
Jun 1984	Marktest	19.8	16.7	16.6	16.9	27.5	2.5	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 7.7
Jun 1984	Norma	24.2	21.5	22.1	17.0	Шаблон:N/A	15.2	2.1
May 1984	Marktest	25.4	19.8	13.9	14.6	24.6	1.7	0.8
Apr 1984	Marktest	28.7	19.5	15.2	10.8	17.7	8.1	9.2
Apr 1984	Norma	21.9	26.0	21.4	15.7	Шаблон:N/A	15.0	4.1
Mar 1984	Marktest	22.6	16.6	14.1	12.7	15.0	19.0	6.0
Feb 1984	Marktest	18.3	15.9	12.4	10.3	20.8	22.3	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 2.5
Jan 1984	Marktest	19.9	15.4	12.5	7.3	22.7	22.2	style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" \| 2.8
Jan 1984	Norma	31.8	22.8	21.2	13.3	Шаблон:N/A	10.9	9.0

25 Apr 1983	Leg. Election	36.1 Шаблон:Font	27.2 Шаблон:Font	18.1 Шаблон:Font	12.6 Шаблон:Font	Did not exist	6.0 Шаблон:Font	8.9

National summary of votes and seats

Шаблон:Election table |-

| colspan=11|

Файл:AR Eleicoes 1985.svg

|- ! rowspan="2" colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" |Parties ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Votes ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |% ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |± ! colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" |MPs ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |MPs %/
votes % |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;"|1983 ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;"|1985 ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |± ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |% ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |± |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |1,732,288||29.87||Шаблон:Increase2.7||75||88||Шаблон:Increase13||35.20||Шаблон:Increase5.2||1.18 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |1,204,321||20.77||Шаблон:Decrease15.3||101||57||Шаблон:Decrease44||22.80||Шаблон:Decrease17.6||1.10 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |1,038,893||17.92||Шаблон:N/A||Шаблон:N/A||45||Шаблон:N/A||18.00||Шаблон:N/A||1.00 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour Шаблон:Efn |898,281||15.49||Шаблон:Decrease2.6||44||38||Шаблон:Decrease6||15.20||Шаблон:Decrease2.4||0.98 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |577,580||9.96||Шаблон:Decrease2.6||30||22||Шаблон:Decrease8||8.80||Шаблон:Decrease3.2||0.88 |- | style="width:10px;background-color:#E2062C;text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:left;" |People's Democratic Union |73,401||1.27||Шаблон:Increase0.8||0||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0.00||Шаблон:Steady0.0||0.0 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |41,831||0.72||Шаблон:Increase0.0||0||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0.00||Шаблон:Steady0.0||0.0 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |35,238||0.61||Шаблон:Increase0.4||0||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0.00||Шаблон:Steady0.0||0.0 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |19,943||0.34||Шаблон:Decrease0.1||0||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0.00||Шаблон:Steady0.0||0.0 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |19,085||0.33||Шаблон:Decrease0.0||0||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0.00||Шаблон:Steady0.0||0.0 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |12,749||0.22||Шаблон:Increase0.2||0||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0.00||Шаблон:Steady0.0||0.0 |- |colspan=2 style="text-align:left;background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total valid |width="65" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|5,653,610 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|97.49 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Increase0.1 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|250 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|250 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Steady0 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.00 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Steady0.0 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|— |- |colspan=2|Blank ballots |48,709||0.84||Шаблон:Increase0.1||colspan=6 rowspan=4| |- |colspan=2|Invalid ballots |96,610||1.67||Шаблон:Decrease0.1 |- |colspan=2 style="text-align:left;background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total |width="65" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|5,798,929 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.00 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"| |- |colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout ||7,818,981||74.16||Шаблон:Decrease3.6 |- | colspan=11 style="text-align:left;" | Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições Шаблон:End Шаблон:Bar box Шаблон:Bar box

Distribution by constituency

Шаблон:Election table |- class="unsortable" !rowspan=2|Constituency!!%!!S!!%!!S!!%!!S!!%!!S!!%!!S !rowspan=2|Total
S |- class="unsortable" style="text-align:center;" !colspan=2 | PSD !colspan=2 | PS !colspan=2 | PRD !colspan=2 | APU !colspan=2 | CDS |- | style="text-align:left;" | Azores | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|48.3 | 3 | 20.1 | 1 | 15.2 | 1 | 4.4 | - | 6.5 | - | 5 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Aveiro | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|38.4 | 6 | 23.0 | 4 | 13.4 | 2 | 6.5 | 1 | 13.5 | 2 | 15 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Beja | 13.7 | 1 | 20.1 | 1 | 11.6 | - | style="background:red; color:white;"|44.9 | 3 | 2.2 | - | 5 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Braga | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|32.8 | 6 | 21.8 | 4 | 16.8 | 3 | 8.5 | 1 | 14.0 | 2 | 16 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Bragança | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|39.2 | 2 | 22.7 | 1 | 6.9 | - | 5.3 | - | 17.1 | 1 | 4 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Castelo Branco | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|31.2 | 3 | 18.5 | 1 | 24.4 | 2 | 8.9 | - | 9.6 | - | 6 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Coimbra | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|29.5 | 4 | 28.5 | 3 | 16.9 | 2 | 10.1 | 1 | 8.6 | 1 | 11 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Шаблон:Hs Évora | 19.1 | 1 | 14.3 | 1 | 15.8 | 1 | style="background:red; color:white;"|41.2 | 2 | 3.3 | - | 5 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Faro | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|28.4 | 3 | 22.3 | 2 | 20.5 | 2 | 15.4 | 2 | 6.1 | - | 9 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Guarda | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|33.6 | 2 | 23.3 | 2 | 10.9 | - | 5.2 | - | 19.5 | 1 | 5 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Leiria | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|38.6 | 5 | 19.6 | 2 | 15.3 | 2 | 7.9 | 1 | 12.2 | 1 | 11 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Lisbon | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|25.6 | 15 | 19.8 | 12 | 21.3 | 13 | 20.1 | 12 | 8.1 | 4 | 56 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Madeira | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|56.8 | 4 | 13.2 | 1 | 9.7 | - | 3.2 | - | 7.8 | - | 5 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Portalegre | 20.9 | 1 | 23.7 | 1 | 18.9 | - | style="background:red; color:white;"|25.2 | 1 | 4.9 | - | 3 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Porto | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|29.3 | 12 | 23.6 | 10 | 20.5 | 8 | 12.1 | 5 | 9.8 | 4 | 39 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Santarém | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|27.8 | 4 | 18.6 | 2 | 23.8 | 3 | 16.4 | 2 | 7.7 | 1 | 12 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Setúbal | 15.4 | 3 | 16.5 | 3 | 20.4 | 4 | style="background:red; color:white;"|38.2 | 7 | 3.8 | - | 17 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Viana do Castelo | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|33.5 | 3 | 18.4 | 1 | 16.2 | 1 | 8.2 | - | 16.6 | 1 | 6 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Vila Real | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|42.2 | 3 | 23.0 | 2 | 8.6 | - | 5.9 | - | 12.5 | 1 | 6 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Viseu | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|37.7 | 5 | 20.0 | 2 | 10.9 | 1 | 5.0 | - | 19.9 | 2 | 10 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Europe | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|24.3 | 1 | 24.2 | 1 | 7.1 | - | 18.8 | - | 17.3 | - | 2 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Outside Europe | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|40.5 | 1 | 7.8 | - | 3.3 | - | 2.6 | - | 37.9 | 1 | 2 |- |- class="unsortable" style="background:#E9E9E9" | style="text-align:left;" | Total | style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|29.9 | 88 | 20.8 | 57 | 17.9 | 45 | 15.5 | 38 | 10.0 | 22 | 250 |- | colspan=12 style="text-align:left;" | Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições |}

Maps

Most voted political force by municipality.

Most voted political force by municipality.

Aftermath

Fall of the government

In early 1987, a trip of a Portuguese parliamentary delegation to the Soviet Union created a diplomatic issue as the delegation also traveled to Estonia, a territory that wasn't recognized by the Portuguese State as a Soviet controlled territory. Because of this incident, Opposition parties accused Cavaco Silva of disallowing Parliament and, shortly after, the Democratic Renewal Party proposed a motion of no confidence against the Government, and the party's leader, Hermínio Martinho, communicated to President Mário Soares their intentions.^[24] At first, the Socialists weren't supportive of the PRD's motion, but, last minute negotiations led the PS to also support the motion. On 3 April 1987, the motion passes by a 134 to 108 vote and the government falls.^[25] Mário Soares was in an official trip to Brazil when he was informed, which unpleased the President, and he then returned to Lisbon to meet with parties. The PS, PRD and PCP proposed an alternative government to the PSD minority, but Soares rejected and called a snap general election for 19 July 1987, which resulted in a landslide PSD majority government.^[26]

Ballot →		3 April 1987
Motion of no confidence Aníbal Cavaco Silva (PSD)
Required majority →		126 out of 250 Шаблон:Tick
	Шаблон:Collapsible list	Шаблон:Composition bar
	Шаблон:Collapsible list	Шаблон:Composition bar
	Шаблон:Collapsible list	Шаблон:Composition bar
	Шаблон:Collapsible list	Шаблон:Composition bar
Sources^[27]^[28]

Notes

Шаблон:Notes

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

Шаблон:Cite web

External links

Шаблон:Portuguese elections

↑ "PRD", Diario de Notícias, 30 May 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ "1985 o ano que lançou Cavaco, por Ferreira Fernandes", Diario de Notícias, 9 March 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
↑ "Bloco Central junta PS e PSD", Diario de Notícias, 7 January 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
↑ "Mota Pinto, o aliado de Soares que militava no PPD", Público, 15 January 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
↑ "19 de Maio de 1985: O líder inesperado ", Expresso, 17 May 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
↑ "Cavaco Silva e as Eleições Legislativas de 1985: uma Introdução", Alexandre António da Costa Luís, 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
↑ "Aníbal Cavaco Silva, o PSD e a Evolução da Democracia Portuguesa: o XI Governo Constitucional (1987-1991)", Nuno Marques Freire, UNIVERSIDADE DA BEIRA INTERIOR Faculdade de Ciências Socias e Humanas, October 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
↑ "Quando o candidato do PS não foi o líder", Diario de Notícias, 3 June 2014. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Gallaher, Michael (1992). "Comparing Proportional Representation Electoral Systems: Quotas, Thresholds, Paradoxes and Majorities"
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Composição dos Grupos Parlamentares/Partidos
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ ^23,0 ^23,1 Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news

[1] "PRD", Diario de Notícias, 30 May 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2023.

[2] Шаблон:Cite web

[3] Шаблон:Cite web

[4] "1985 o ano que lançou Cavaco, por Ferreira Fernandes", Diario de Notícias, 9 March 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2022.

[5] "Bloco Central junta PS e PSD", Diario de Notícias, 7 January 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2022.

[6] "Mota Pinto, o aliado de Soares que militava no PPD", Público, 15 January 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2022.

[7] "19 de Maio de 1985: O líder inesperado ", Expresso, 17 May 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2022.

[8] "Cavaco Silva e as Eleições Legislativas de 1985: uma Introdução", Alexandre António da Costa Luís, 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2022.

[9] "Aníbal Cavaco Silva, o PSD e a Evolução da Democracia Portuguesa: o XI Governo Constitucional (1987-1991)", Nuno Marques Freire, UNIVERSIDADE DA BEIRA INTERIOR Faculdade de Ciências Socias e Humanas, October 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2022.

[10] "Quando o candidato do PS não foi o líder", Diario de Notícias, 3 June 2014. Retrieved 7 June 2022.

[11] Шаблон:Cite web

[12] Шаблон:Cite web

[13] Gallaher, Michael (1992). "Comparing Proportional Representation Electoral Systems: Quotas, Thresholds, Paradoxes and Majorities"

[CNE-14] Шаблон:Cite web

[15] Composição dos Grupos Parlamentares/Partidos

[16] Шаблон:Cite news

[17] Шаблон:Cite news

[18] Шаблон:Cite news

[19] Шаблон:Cite news

[20] Шаблон:Cite news

[21] Шаблон:Cite news

[22] Шаблон:Cite news

[debates-23] 23,0 ^23,1 Шаблон:Cite news

[24] Шаблон:Cite news

[25] Шаблон:Cite web

[26] Шаблон:Cite web

[27] Шаблон:Cite news

[28] Шаблон:Cite news

[1]

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Английская Википедия:1985 Portuguese legislative election

Содержание

Background

Fall of the government

Leadership changes and challenges

PSD 1985 leadership election

PS 1985 nomination selection

Electoral system

Parties

Campaign period

Party slogans

Candidates' debates

Opinion polling

National summary of votes and seats

Distribution by constituency

Maps

Aftermath

Fall of the government

See also

Notes

References

Sources

External links

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