Английская Википедия:1988 killings in Hyderabad, Sindh
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox civilian attack Шаблон:Violence against Muhajirs in Pakistan
On September 30, 1988,[1] hundreds of people, mostly Muhajirs,[1] were killed in Hyderabad, Sindh in what was known as "Black Friday". Death toll was above 250,[2] and the attacks are said to have been coordinated and carried out by Sindhi nationalist militants.[1] Unidentified gunmen opened fire on large crowds of innocent bystanders, including women and children in Latifabad. MQM accused Qadir Magsi and nationalists carrying out the attack.[3]
The following day Sindhis were killed in ethnic rioting which killed at least 46 people.[4] A curfew was enforced in both Karachi and Hyderabad.[5]
In total over 200+ people died in the span of two days. MQM, the largest Muhajir party, would broaden its scope as a party of the middle class following this incident, emphasizing the common physical suffering of the local Muhajir community in parallel to its socioeconomic decline.[6]Шаблон:Pageneeded
Background
In 1988, the massacre, which was committed by the Zia regime (Zia was assassinated in August 1988), occurred as a result of brewing ethnic and political tensions between Sindhi nationalists and Muhajir communities.[7] Zia-ul-Haq, the then President of Pakistan, had been killed in a plane crash earlier that year, leaving political and democratic possibilities open in Pakistan. Demographic considerations were a huge part of political discourse that led to ethnic rioting throughout the late 1980s.
Trial and acquittal
Following the 1988 massacre, Qadir Magsi was detained without trial or conviction for five years. He was eventually released on bail pending trial.[2]
In July 2003, a Hyderabad puppet trial court exonerated Qadir Magsi and eight others who were accused of perpetrating the massacre.
The Sindh High Court upheld the trial court's judgement in 2007, exonerating 41 additional suspects.[2]
References
Шаблон:Pakistan-hist-stub
Шаблон:Terrorism-stub
- Английская Википедия
- 20th-century mass murder in Pakistan
- 1988 in Pakistan
- Hyderabad, Sindh
- History of Sindh (1947–present)
- Massacres in Pakistan
- Crime in Sindh
- 1988 murders in Pakistan
- Spree shootings in Pakistan
- September 1988 events in Asia
- Massacres in 1988
- Persecution of Muhajirs
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- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
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