Английская Википедия:1989 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao creation plebiscite

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Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox referendum The 1989 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao creation plebiscite was a creation plebiscite held on November 17, 1989, in parts of Mindanao and Palawan in the Philippines.

Background

Upon the installation of President Corazon Aquino following the 1986 People Power Revolution which deposed Ferdinand Marcos, the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) held negotiations in with the Aquino administration in Jeddah. The MNLF pushed for the government for the outright establishment of an autonomous region in Mindanao as per the 1976 Tripoli Agreement through an executive order; a demand which the government did not accept.[1]

The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines adopted during Aquino's presidency allows for the creation of an autonomous region in "Muslim Mindanao".[2] Republic Act No. 6734 or the Organic Act which proposed for the creation of such region called the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was signed into law on August 1, 1989, by President Corazon Aquino[3][4] but had to be ratified through a plebiscite which was held on November 17, 1989.[2]

Both the MNLF, and its splinter group the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, boycotted the vote.[3]

Results

Rules

The plebiscite is conducted in a per province and per city basis.

  • If there are more votes for autonomy in a province, that province becomes a part of the autonomous region.
  • If there are more votes for autonomy in a city, that city becomes a part of the autonomous region, regardless if how its mother province votes.
  • If there are more votes against autonomy in a municipality, but its mother province votes in favor, that municipality still becomes a part of the autonomous region
  • If there are more votes for autonomy in a municipality, but its mother province votes against, that municipality does not become a part of the autonomous region

Summary

Only four provinces namely Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi opted to be included in the newly formed ARMM.[1] The Muslim-majority province of Basilan and the city of Marawi in Lanao del Sur notably voted against its inclusion to the ARMM.[5] Elections for the first set of regional officials were held in February 1990.[1]

The following are the results per province and city.

Summary of results[6][7]
Locality For autonomy Against autonomy Turnout Registered
voters 		Included?
Total % Total % Total %
Basilan 20,924 36.57% 36,286 63.43% 57,210 55.40% 103,272 Шаблон:No
Cotabato 26,734 18.92% 114,568 81.08% 141,302 50.35% 280,624 Шаблон:No
Cotabato City 12,986 9.56% 122,851 90.44% 135,837 55.00% 246,979 Шаблон:No
Davao del Sur 46,892 37.95% 76,682 62.05% 123,574 70.31% 175,751 Шаблон:No
Dapitan 462 2.34% 19,307 97.66% 19,769 69.63% 28,392 Шаблон:No
Dipolog 845 3.40% 24,009 96.60% 24,854 62.87% 39,532 Шаблон:No
General Santos 8,223 19.67% 33,577 80.33% 41,800 40.37% 103,549 Шаблон:No
Iligan 2,044 3.19% 61,983 96.81% 64,027 59.05% 108,432 Шаблон:No
Lanao del Norte 46,892 37.95% 76,682 62.05% 123,574 70.31% 175,751 Шаблон:No
Lanao del Sur 125,338 74.08% 43,855 25.92% 169,193 71.37% 237,076 Шаблон:Yes
Maguindanao 76,717 62.68% 45,670 37.32% 122,387 45.70% 267,824 Шаблон:Yes
Marawi 10,399 46.01% 12,204 53.99% 22,603 56.13% 40,269 Шаблон:No
Pagadian 4,774 19.15% 20,149 80.85% 24,923 50.67% 49,188 Шаблон:No
Palawan 8,162 9.09% 81,617 90.91% 89,779 54.48% 164,789 Шаблон:No
Puerto Princesa 3,283 14.23% 19,796 85.77% 23,079 51.11% 45,155 Шаблон:No
South Cotabato 26,198 15.87% 138,841 84.13% 165,039 52.22% 316,043 Шаблон:No
Sultan Kudarat 5,601 7.33% 70,827 92.67% 76,428 49.76% 153,589 Шаблон:No
Sulu 99,911 73.92% 35,245 26.08% 135,156 57.96% 233,181 Шаблон:Yes
Tawi-Tawi 40,596 72.86% 15,125 27.14% 55,721 56.26% 99,039 Шаблон:Yes
Zamboanga del Norte 5,872 4.12% 136,766 95.88% 142,638 53.58% 266,191 Шаблон:No
Zamboanga del Sur 14,543 6.43% 211,782 93.57% 226,325 55.83% 405,392 Шаблон:No
Zamboanga City 5,299 5.55% 90,152 94.45% 95,451 53.77% 177,533 Шаблон:No
Turnout 1,968,900 54.69% 3,599,984 —

Of the 3.5 million registered voters, 55.31% turned out and voted. 72% of those who voted rejected autonomy. In Christian areas, autonomy was rejected in 40-to-1 margins.[6]

The new autonomous region was inaugurated on November 6, 1990.[3] The region would be expanded following a second plebiscite in 2001.

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Bangsamoro political entity topics Шаблон:Bangsamoro elections Шаблон:Davao Region elections Шаблон:Mimaropa elections Шаблон:Northern Mindanao elections Шаблон:Soccsksargen elections Шаблон:Zamboanga Peninsula elections Шаблон:Philippine local elections

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:1989_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_creation_plebiscite&oldid=12617195