Английская Википедия:1994 European Parliament election in Spain
Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox election The 1994 European Parliament election in Spain was held on Sunday, 12 June 1994, as part of the EU-wide election to elect the 4th European Parliament. All 64 seats allocated to Spain as per the 1993 Council Decision amending the Direct Elections Act were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with a regional election in Andalusia.
The election was held against the backdrop of the early 1990s recession and a string of corruption scandals affecting the ruling Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) of Prime Minister Felipe González. The most recent involved former Civil Guard director Luis Roldán, who had fled the country in early 1994 when it was discovered that he had used his office to amass a fortune through fraudulent means, resulting in the resignation of interior minister Antoni Asunción in the month leading to the election. The People's Party (PP) won in a landslide victory, the first PP win over the PSOE in a nationwide election.[1]
Electoral system
64 members of the European Parliament were allocated to Spain as per the 1993 Council Decision amending the Direct Elections Act. Voting was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals and resident non-national European citizens over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.[2][3]
All seats were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with no electoral threshold being applied in order to be entitled to enter seat distribution. Seats were allocated to a single multi-member constituency comprising the entire national territory.[2] The use of the D'Hondt method might result in an effective threshold depending on the district magnitude.[4]
Outgoing delegation
| Groups | Parties | MEPs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Total | ||||
| width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Party of European Socialists | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE | 28 | 28 |
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | European People's Party | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP | 16 | 17 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | UDC | 1 | |||
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | CDS | 3 | 5 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | CDC | 1 | |||
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Foro | 1 | |||
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Rainbow Group | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | ERC | 1 | 3 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PA | 1 | |||
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | CG | 1 | |||
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | European Democratic Alliance | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | ARM | 2 | 2 |
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Non-Inscrits | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | IU | 3 | 5 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | IC | 1 | |||
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | HB | 1 | |||
Parties and candidates
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call. In order to be entitled to run, parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors; this requirement could be lifted and replaced through the signature of at least 50 elected officials—deputies, senators, MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils. Electors and elected officials were disallowed from signing for more than one list of candidates.[2]
Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:
Opinion polls
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font.
Results
Overall
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | People's Party (PP) | 7,453,900 | 40.12 | +18.71 | 28 | +13 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 | 5,719,707 | 30.79 | –9.43 | 22 | –5 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | United Left (IU) | 2,497,671 | 13.44 | +7.38 | 9 | +5 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Convergence and Union (CiU)2 | 865,913 | 4.66 | +0.12 | 3 | +1 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Nationalist Coalition (CN)3 | 518,532 | 2.79 | +0.18 | 2 | +1 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | For the Europe of the Peoples (PEP)4 | 239,339 | 1.29 | –0.14 | 0 | –1 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Forum–Democratic and Social Centre (Foro–CDS) | 183,418 | 0.99 | –6.16 | 0 | –5 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Popular Unity (HB) | 180,324 | 0.97 | –0.73 | 0 | –1 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Andalusian Coalition–Andalusian Power (PA–PAP)5 | 140,445 | 0.76 | –1.10 | 0 | –1 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) | 139,221 | 0.75 | +0.46 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Green Group (GV) | 109,567 | 0.59 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos) | 82,410 | 0.44 | –3.40 | 0 | –2 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | The Greens–Ecologist Confederation of Catalonia (EV–CEC)6 | 42,237 | 0.23 | –0.07 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) | 29,692 | 0.16 | –0.34 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Hunting, Fishing, Nature, Tradition (CPNT) | 29,025 | 0.16 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Revolutionary Workers' Party (POR) | 16,144 | 0.09 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Asturianist Party (PAS)7 | 14,846 | 0.08 | +0.05 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | United Extremadura (EU)8 | 13,580 | 0.07 | ±0.00 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) | 11,733 | 0.06 | –0.09 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL) | 10,019 | 0.05 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Natural Law Party (PLN) | 7,845 | 0.04 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Humanist Party (PH) | 7,499 | 0.04 | –0.08 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Coalition for a New Socialist Party (CNPS)9 | 7,349 | 0.04 | –0.07 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) | 6,197 | 0.03 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Independent Spanish Phalanx (FEI) | 5,602 | 0.03 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| Carlist Traditionalist Communion (CTC) | 5,226 | 0.03 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Justice and Welfare Party (JyB) | 4,992 | 0.03 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Extremaduran Regionalist Party (PREx) | 4,836 | 0.03 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| National Democratic Alternative (ADN) | 4,689 | 0.03 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Carlist Party (PC) | 4,640 | 0.02 | –0.03 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Galician Alternative (AG) | 4,431 | 0.02 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | GPOR–PST (LVS) Coalition (GPOR–PST)10 | 3,765 | 0.02 | –0.22 | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Lanzarote Independents Party (PIL) | 0 | 0.00 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | The Greens of the Region of Murcia (LVRM) | 0 | 0.00 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Canarian Nationalist Party (PNC) | 0 | 0.00 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Left of the Peoples (IP)11 | n/a | n/a | –0.81 | 0 | –1 |
| Blank ballots | 213,621 | 1.15 | –0.12 | |||
| Total | 18,578,415 | 64 | +4 | |||
| Valid votes | 18,578,415 | 99.54 | +0.56 | |||
| Invalid votes | 85,640 | 0.46 | –0.56 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 18,664,055 | 59.14 | +4.43 | |||
| Abstentions | 12,894,944 | 40.86 | –4.43 | |||
| Registered voters | 31,558,999 | |||||
| Sources[13][14] | ||||||
| Шаблон:Hidden | ||||||
Distribution by European group
| Groups | Parties | Seats | Total | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | European People's Party (EPP) |
|
28 1 1 |
30 | 46.88 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | Party of European Socialists (PES) | 22 | 22 | 34.38 | |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | European United Left (EUL) |
|
9 | 9 | 14.06 |
| bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (ELDR) | 2 | 2 | 3.13 | |
| European Radical Alliance (ERA) |
|
1 | 1 | 1.56 | |
| Total | 64 | 64 | 100.00 | ||
Elected legislators
The following table lists the elected legislators:[15]
| Elected legislators | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | List | |
| 1 | Abel Matutes Juan | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 2 | Fernando Morán López | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 3 | Celia Villalobos Talero | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 4 | Francisca Sauquillo Pérez del Arco | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 5 | Alonso José Puerta Gutiérrez | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 6 | Mercedes de la Merced Monge | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 7 | Enrique Barón Crespo | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 8 | José María Gil-Robles Gil-Delgado | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 9 | Miguel Arias Cañete | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 10 | Ludivina García Arias | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 11 | Antoni Gutiérrez Díaz | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 12 | María Teresa Estevan Bolea | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 13 | Josep Verde i Aldea | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 14 | José Manuel García-Margallo Marfil | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 15 | Ana Clara María Miranda de Lage | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 16 | María del Carmen Fraga Estévez | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 17 | Carles-Alfred Gasoliba i Bohm | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | CiU |
| 18 | Laura González Álvarez | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 19 | Luis Campoy Zueco | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 20 | Pedro Aparicio Sánchez | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 21 | Ana Isabel Palacio Vallelersundi | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 22 | José María Mendiluce Pereiro | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 23 | Carlos Robles Piquer | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 24 | Manuel Medina Ortega | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 25 | María Sornosa Martínez | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 26 | Juan Manuel Fabra Vallés | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 27 | Gerardo Fernández Albor | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 28 | María Izquierdo Rojo | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 29 | Fernando Fernández Martín | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 30 | Josep Enrique Pons Grau | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 31 | Josu Jon Imaz San Miguel | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | CN |
| 32 | María Jesús Aramburu del Río | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 33 | Jaime Valdivielso de Cue | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 34 | Joan Coloro i Naval | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 35 | Encarnación Redondo Jiménez | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 36 | Juan Luis Colino Salamanca | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 37 | Iñigo Méndez de Vigo Montojo | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 38 | Concepcio Ferrer i Casals | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | CiU |
| 39 | Salvador Jove Peres | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 40 | Javier Areitio Toledo | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 41 | Carmen Díez de Rivera Icaza | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 42 | Joaquín Sisó Cruellas | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 43 | Juan de Dios Izquierdo Collado | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 44 | Laura Elena Esteban Martín | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 45 | Jesús Cabezón Alonso | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 46 | Carlos Carnero González | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 47 | Daniel Varela Suances-Carpegna | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 48 | José Gerardo Galeote Quecedo | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 49 | Bárbara Duhrkop Duhrkop | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 50 | José Ignacio Salafranca Sánchez-Neyra | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 51 | Antonio González Triviño | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 52 | Ángela del Carmen Sierra González | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 53 | José Antonio Escudero López | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 54 | Francisco Javier Sanz Fernández | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 55 | Francisca Bennasar Tous | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 56 | Joan María Vallvé i Ribera | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | CiU |
| 57 | José Luis Valverde López | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 58 | Manuela de Frutos Gama | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 59 | Pedro Marset Campos | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | IU |
| 60 | Salvador Garriga Polledo | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 61 | Fernando Pérez Royo | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 62 | Julio Añoveros Trias de Bes | width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PP |
| 63 | Ana Terrón i Cusi | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| | PSOE |
| 64 | Isidoro Sánchez García | bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | | CN |
Notes
References
- Opinion poll sources
- Other
External links
- European elections Spain in Europe Politique.
Шаблон:European Parliament elections Шаблон:Spanish elections
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite act
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite act
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Smallcaps: Шаблон:Cite journal
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